Search results for " Natural Language"

showing 10 items of 192 documents

The geometry of surfaces in 4-space from a contact viewpoint

1995

We study the geometry of the surfaces embedded in ℝ4 through their generic contacts with hyperplanes. The inflection points on them are shown to be the umbilic points of their families of height functions. As a consequence we prove that any generic convexly embedded 2-sphere in ℝ4 has inflection points.

Computer Science::GraphicsDifferential geometryHyperplaneInflection pointHyperbolic geometryComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)GeometryGeometry and TopologyAlgebraic geometrySpace (mathematics)Topology (chemistry)Projective geometryMathematicsGeometriae Dedicata
researchProduct

Towards Diagrammatic Patterns

2008

This article presents the idea that the graphical representation (concrete syntax) of a visual language can be specified based on some pre-defined diagrammatic patterns. A diagram from the Specification and Description Language (SDL) is used as illustration.

Computer scienceProgramming languagebusiness.industryObject languageComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)Specification languagecomputer.software_genreSpecification and Description LanguageVisual languageDiagrammatic reasoningLanguage Of Temporal Ordering SpecificationUniversal Networking LanguageSoftware_SOFTWAREENGINEERINGProgramming language specificationComputer Science::Programming LanguagesArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerNatural language processingcomputer.programming_language
researchProduct

A practical solution to the problem of automatic word sense induction

2004

Recent studies in word sense induction are based on clustering global co-occurrence vectors, i.e. vectors that reflect the overall behavior of a word in a corpus. If a word is semantically ambiguous, this means that these vectors are mixtures of all its senses. Inducing a word's senses therefore involves the difficult problem of recovering the sense vectors from the mixtures. In this paper we argue that the demixing problem can be avoided since the contextual behavior of the senses is directly observable in the form of the local contexts of a word. From human disambiguation performance we know that the context of a word is usually sufficient to determine its sense. Based on this observation…

Computer sciencebusiness.industryWord-sense inductionComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)Context (language use)Artificial intelligenceCluster analysiscomputer.software_genrebusinesscomputerWord (computer architecture)Natural language processingSemEvalProceedings of the ACL 2004 on Interactive poster and demonstration sessions -
researchProduct

"Table 1" of "Search for promptly produced heavy quarkonium states in hadronic Z decays"

1996

The analysis of hadrons (from X) provides to distinguish of the various decay modes of Z-boson (see text).

Condensed Matter::Quantum GasesZ --> GLUON GLUON J/PSI(1S)High Energy Physics::PhenomenologyZ --> UPSI(10023) BQBAR BQZ --> UPSI(10355) XZ --> GLUON GLUON UPSI(10355)Computer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)Z --> UPSI(10023) XZ --> GLUON GLUON UPSI(10023)Z --> UPSI(9460) XZ --> UPSI(9460) BQBAR BQZ --> J/PSI(1S) XZ --> UPSI(10355) BQBAR BQInclusiveZ --> QUARK QUARKBAR GLUONZ --> GLUON GLUON UPSI(9460)E+ E- ScatteringZ --> J/PSI(1S) CQBAR CQE+ E- --> ZExclusivePromptHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentZ --> PSI(3685) XNuclear ExperimentZ --> GLUON GLUON PSI(3685)
researchProduct

A recurrent deep neural network model to measure sentence complexity for the Italian Language

2019

Text simplification (TS) is a natural language processing task devoted to the modification of a text in such a way that the grammar and structure of the phrases is greatly simplified, preserving the underlying meaning and information contents. In this paper we give a contribution to the TS field presenting a deep neural network model able to detect the complexity of italian sentences. In particular, the system gives a score to an input text that identifies the confidence level during the decision making process and that could be interpreted as a measure of the sentence complexity. Experiments have been carried out on one public corpus of Italian texts created specifically for the task of TS…

Deep Neural NetworksText Simplification Natural Language Processing Deep Neural NetworksSettore INF/01 - InformaticaComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGAutomatic Text Complexity EvaluationNLP
researchProduct

Unambiguous recognizable two-dimensional languages

2006

We consider the family UREC of unambiguous recognizable two-dimensional languages. We prove that there are recognizable languages that are inherently ambiguous, that is UREC family is a proper subclass of REC family. The result is obtained by showing a necessary condition for unambiguous recognizable languages. Further UREC family coincides with the class of picture languages defined by unambiguous 2OTA and it strictly contains its deterministic counterpart. Some closure and non-closure properties of UREC are presented. Finally we show that it is undecidable whether a given tiling system is unambiguous.

DeterminismSettore INF/01 - InformaticaDeterministic context-free languageGeneral MathematicsTwo-dimensional languagesAutomata and formal languages; Determinism; Two-dimensional languages; UnambiguityComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)Class (philosophy)Computer Science ApplicationsUndecidable problemAutomata and Formal Languages. ; Unambiguity ; Determinism. .; Two-dimensional languagesCombinatoricsClosure (mathematics)Computer Science::Programming LanguagesAutomata and formal languagesDeterminism.ArithmeticComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheorySoftwareUnambiguityMathematics
researchProduct

Are tools all we need? Digital Humanities in the time of its institutionalisation

2011

Three key features of the Digital Humanities today are its quantitative growth, its institutionalisation and its definition as a discipline. In the first part of this article (2. Institutional models) I shall pinpoint some models of institutionalisation that are emerging in the international scenario. Against this background, I shall then discuss (3. Tools) some concepts central to Digital Humanities’ self-definition, such as those of practice, ‘building’, centre, project, product and tools, particularly questioning the opinion that the creation of friendly digital tools is the key issue in the future of the field. I shall finally suggest that ‘instrumentalism’, ‘project fever’ and an exces…

Digital HumanitiesInformatica Umanistica; strumenti; Digital Humanities; toolsDigital Humanities toolstoolsComputational linguistics. Natural language processingBD143-237strumentiEpistemology. Theory of knowledgeP98-98.5Informatica Umanistica strumentiInformatica Umanistica
researchProduct

On the Shuffle of Star-Free Languages

2012

Motivated by the general problem to characterize families of languages closed under shuffle, we investigate some conditions under which the shuffle of two star-free languages is star-free. Some of the special cases here approached give rise to new problems in combinatorics on words.

Discrete mathematicsAlgebra and Number TheorySettore INF/01 - Informaticapure submonoidGeneral problemAbstract family of languagesRegular languageComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)Star (graph theory)star-free languageCone (formal languages)shuffle of languagePumping lemma for regular languagesTheoretical Computer ScienceCombinatorics on wordsComputational Theory and MathematicsRegular languagecombinatorics on words.Information SystemsMathematicsFundamenta Informaticae
researchProduct

Verbal sets and cyclic coverings

2010

Abstract We consider groups G such that the set of all values of a fixed word w in G is covered by a finite set of cyclic subgroups. Fernandez-Alcober and Shumyatsky studied such groups in the case when w is the word [ x 1 , x 2 ] , and proved that in this case the corresponding verbal subgroup G ′ is either cyclic or finite. Answering a question asked by them, we show that this is far from being the general rule. However, we prove a weaker form of their result in the case when w is either a lower commutator word or a non-commutator word, showing that in the given hypothesis the verbal subgroup w ( G ) must be finite-by-cyclic. Even this weaker conclusion is not universally valid: it fails …

Discrete mathematicsCommutatorgroup wordAlgebra and Number TheorySubgroup coveringscommutatorComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)Central seriescoveringSet (abstract data type)Verbal subgroupsVerbal subgroupCharacteristic subgroupGroup theoryLower central seriesFinite setWord (group theory)Group theoryCyclic subgroupsMathematicsJournal of Algebra
researchProduct

Combinatorics of Finite Words and Suffix Automata

2009

The suffix automaton of a finite word is the minimal deterministic automaton accepting the language of its suffixes. The states of the suffix automaton are the classes of an equivalence relation defined on the set of factors. We explore the relationship between the combinatorial properties of a finite word and the structural properties of its suffix automaton. We give formulas for expressing the total number of states and the total number of edges of the suffix automaton in terms of special factors of the word.

Discrete mathematicsComputer Science::Computation and Language (Computational Linguistics and Natural Language and Speech Processing)special factorNonlinear Sciences::Cellular Automata and Lattice GasesCombinatorics on WordAutomatonCombinatoricsCombinatorics on wordsDeterministic automatonSuffix automatonEquivalence relationQuantum finite automataSuffix automatonSuffixComputer Science::Data Structures and AlgorithmsComputer Science::Formal Languages and Automata TheoryWord (computer architecture)Mathematics
researchProduct