Search results for " Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"

showing 10 items of 2516 documents

Archetypal analysis: an alternative to clustering for unsupervised texture segmentation

2019

Texture segmentation is one of the main tasks in image applications, specifically in remote sensing, where the objective is to segment high-resolution images of natural landscapes into different cover types. Often the focus is on the selection of discriminant textural features, and although these are really fundamental, there is another part of the process that is also influential, partitioning different homogeneous textures into groups. A methodology based on archetype analysis (AA) of the local textural measurements is proposed. AA seeks the purest textures in the image and it can find the borders between pure textures, as those regions composed of mixtures of several archetypes. The prop…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsComputer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)General MathematicsComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION02 engineering and technologylocal granulometriesMathematical morphology01 natural sciencesTexture (geology)archetypeImage (mathematics)010104 statistics & probability0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationmathematical morphology0101 mathematicsCluster analysisInstrumentationimage segmentationtexture analysislcsh:R5-920business.industrylcsh:MathematicsPattern recognitionImage segmentationlcsh:QA1-939DiscriminantSignal Processing020201 artificial intelligence & image processingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligenceFocus (optics)businesslcsh:Medicine (General)Biotechnology
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Automatic detection and classification of retinal vascular landmarks

2014

The main contribution of this paper is introducing a method to distinguish between different landmarks of the retina: bifurcations and crossings. The methodology may help in differentiating between arteries and veins and is useful in identifying diseases and other special pathologies, too. The method does not need any special skills, thus it can be assimilated to an automatic way for pinpointing landmarks; moreover it gives good responses for very small vessels. A skeletonized representation, taken out from the segmented binary image (obtained through a preprocessing step), is used to identify pixels with three or more neighbors. Then, the junction points are classified into bifurcations or…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsComputer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)General MathematicsPreprocessorRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionretinal vessel landmark points retinal vessel structure classificationRepresentation (mathematics)Instrumentationlcsh:R5-920PixelSettore INF/01 - Informaticabusiness.industryBinary imagelcsh:Mathematicslcsh:QA1-939retinal vessel structure classificationSignal ProcessingComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessPrecision and recallretinal vessel landmark pointslcsh:Medicine (General)Biotechnology
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Effects of ultrasound and temperature on copper electro reduction in Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES).

2014

Abstract This paper concerns a preliminary study for a new copper recovery process from ionic solvent. The aim of this work is to study the reduction of copper in Deep Eutectic Solvent (choline chloride–ethylene glycol) and to compare the influence of temperature and the ultrasound effects on kinetic parameters. Solutions were prepared by dissolution of chloride copper salt CuCl 2 (to obtain Copper in oxidation degree II) or CuCl (to obtain Copper in oxidation degree I) and by leaching metallic copper directly in DES. The spectrophotometry UV–visible analysis of the leached solution showed that the copper soluble form obtained is at oxidation degree I (Copper I). Both cyclic voltammetry and…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsCopper electrodepositionDeep Eutectic SolventOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectrochemistryCopperDeep eutectic solventInorganic ChemistryPower ultrasoundchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryMass transferElectrochemistryChemical Engineering (miscellaneous)Environmental Chemistry[CHIM]Chemical SciencesRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingCyclic voltammetryVoltammetryDissolutionEutectic systemUltrasonics sonochemistry
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Glycoprotein and ganglioside changes in human trophoblasts after exposure to pulsed doppler ultrasound

1995

Changes in glycoprotein and ganglioside composition in human trophoblasts (eighth week of gestation) after in vitro exposure to pulsed Doppler ultrasound (pulse duration 1.22 microseconds; repetition frequency 11.1 kHz; center frequency 4 MHz; ISPPA = 175.5 W/cm2; ISPTA = 0.59 W/cm2) were investigated. Evacuated trophoblasts were divided in two halves and insonated for 10 min on top of a 6-cm layer of 5% gelatin in 50-mL tubes (Falcon) at 37 degrees C. One half of each trophoblast was sham insonated and served as an internal control. After insonation trophoblasts were maintained at 37 degrees C for 24 h. Glycoproteins were detected using alpha-D-mannose specific lectins from Galanthus nival…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsImmunoblottingBiophysicsMannoseG(M2) Gangliosidechemistry.chemical_compoundGangliosidesLectinsmedicineG(M3) GangliosideHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingGlycoproteinschemistry.chemical_classificationMembrane GlycoproteinsGangliosideGalanthusRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologybiologyChemistryTrophoblastLectinMolecular biologyN-Acetylneuraminic AcidTrophoblastsMolecular WeightMembrane glycoproteinsglycoproteins; gangliosides; lectins; pulsed doppler ultrasoundmedicine.anatomical_structureUltrasonography Doppler PulsedG(M2) GangliosideImmunologySialic Acidsbiology.proteinElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelChromatography Thin LayerPlant LectinsGlycoproteinMannoseN-Acetylneuraminic acid
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Estimation of fibre orientation from digital images

2001

In this paper, estimation of fibre orientation is studied for fibre systems observable as a blurred greyscale image. The estimation method is based on scaled variograms observed along a set of sampling lines in different directions. The parameters of the orientation distribution are obtained numerically. Simulated data are used to study the statistical properties of the method.

Acoustics and UltrasonicsMaterials Science (miscellaneous)General MathematicsGrayscaleSet (abstract data type)Digital imageimage analysisRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer visionInstrumentationMathematicslcsh:R5-920Boolean modelbusiness.industryOrientation (computer vision)lcsh:MathematicsSampling (statistics)Boolean modelObservablesimulationlcsh:QA1-939Distribution (mathematics)fibre orientationdigitizationComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSignal ProcessingstereologyComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinesslcsh:Medicine (General)Biotechnology
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Systematic Analysis of Combined Thrombolysis Using Ultrasound and Different Fibrinolytic Drugs in an in Vitro Clot Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

2021

Adequate removal of blood clots by minimally invasive surgery seems to correlate with a better clinical outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs). Moreover, neurotoxic effects of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator have been reported. The aim of this study was to improve fibrinolysis using an intra-clot ultrasound application with tenecteplase and urokinase in our established ICH clot model. One hundred thirty clots were produced from 25 or 50 mL of human blood, incubated for different periods and equipped with drainage, through which an ultrasound catheter was placed in 65 treatment clots for 1 h, randomly allocated into three groups: administration of ultrasound, admi…

Acoustics and UltrasonicsMechanical Thrombolysismedicine.medical_treatmentUltrasonic TherapyBiophysicsTenecteplase030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyIn Vitro Techniques03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineFibrinolytic AgentsFibrinolysismedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingThrombolytic TherapyCerebral HemorrhageIntracerebral hemorrhageUrokinaseRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryUltrasoundThrombosisThrombolysismedicine.diseaseCombined Modality TherapyUrokinase-Type Plasminogen ActivatorIn vitroCatheterAnesthesiaTenecteplasebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugUltrasound in medicinebiology
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Three-dimensional ultrasound radiance mode imaging of a uterine lipoleiomyoma.

2016

In this case report the diagnosis of a uterine lipoleiomyoma is depicted by means of a three-dimensional radiance mode. The advent of radiance or silhouette mode as a new tool in ultrasound diagnosis is intended to assist by generating additional realistic image visualization and a better distinction among different tissues.

Acoustics and UltrasonicsSilhouetteDiagnosis DifferentialImaging Three-DimensionalHumansMedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingComputer vision3D ultrasoundUterine NeoplasmUltrasonographyThree dimensional ultrasoundLeiomyomaRadiological and Ultrasound Technologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryUterusUltrasoundMode (statistics)Middle AgedVisualizationUterine NeoplasmsRadianceFemaleLipomaArtificial intelligencebusinessMedical Ultrasonography
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A radiometric and petrographic approach to risk assessment at Alte Madonie Mounts region (Sicily, Italy)

2013

The main goal of this work was to assess the radiological hazard at Alte Madonie Mounts region (north-central Sicily, Italy) in response to rumours of an increase in the incidence of cancer in this area. A correlation between the natural radionuclide contents and the petrographic features of the soil and rock samples was also evaluated. A total of 41 samples of selected soils and rocks were collected, powdered, dried and sealed in 'Marinelli' beakers for 20 d prior to measurement to ensure that a radioactive equilibrium between (226)Ra and (214)Bi had been reached. A gamma-ray spectrometer was used to quantify the radioactivity concentrations. To determine (238)U and (232)Th activities, the…

ActiniumSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariMineralogychemistry.chemical_elementRisk AssessmentNuclear physicsPetrographyRadiation MonitoringBackground RadiationSoil Pollutants RadioactiveRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiometrySicilyRadioisotopesRadionuclideRadiationGeographyRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyCarbonate radiaoctivity petrographyThoriumSettore GEO/07 - Petrologia E PetrografiaPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthThoriumGeneral MedicineSecular equilibriumUraniumSpectrometry GammaLinear relationshipchemistrySoil waterLinear ModelsPotassiumUraniumEnvironmental scienceRadiometric datingBismuthRadiumRadiation Protection Dosimetry
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253. An accurate and operator independent method for biological tumour volume segmentation

2018

Purpose The aim of this paper is to develop an operator independent method for biological tumour volume (BTV) delineation from Positron Emission Tomography (PET) images. BTV delineation is challenging because of the low spatial resolution and high noise level in PET images. In addition, BTV varies substantially depending on the method used to segment. Manual delineation is widely-used, but it is strongly user dependent. Methods The proposed method starts with the automatic identification of the PET slice with maximum Standardized Uptake Value (SUV). Then, a user- independent mask is obtained by a rough pre-segmentation step and it is used to perform the local active contour segmentation on …

Active contour modelSimilarity (geometry)medicine.diagnostic_testComputer sciencebusiness.industryBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyContext (language use)Pattern recognitionStandardized uptake valueGeneral MedicineImaging phantomPositron emission tomographymedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationArtificial intelligencebusinessImage resolutionPhysica Medica
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P1319 Speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with acute coronary syndrome: the added value

2020

Abstract Background Speckle tracking echocardiography with assessment of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (GLS) allows to identify early signs of cardiac dysfunction. The superiority of GLS in the prediction of all-cause mortality in the general population compared with LVEF is well known; in addiction GLS improves risk stratification and recognize early left ventricular dysfunction in several clinical setting. Purpose the aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic and prognostic role of global and segmental strain in the early identification of cardiac dysfunction in patients with myocardial infarction without persistent ST segment elevation (NSTEMI) and without obvious wall…

Acute coronary syndromemedicine.medical_specialtyEjection fractionbusiness.industrySpeckle tracking echocardiographyGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseCircumflex branch of left coronary arteryInternal medicinemedicine.arterymedicineMedical imagingAdded valueCardiologyRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingMyocardial infarctionSystoleCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessEuropean Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging
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