Search results for " Organization"
showing 10 items of 2469 documents
Insights into the economic organization of the Phoenician homeland : a multidisciplinary investigation of the later Iron Age II and Persian period Ph…
2018
This paper details the results of a large-scale multi-disciplinary analysis of Iron Age pottery from a settlement in the core of the Phoenician homeland. The research presented is centred upon a large corpus of Phoenician carinated-shoulder amphorae (CSA) from the later Iron Age II and Persian period contexts at the coastal site of Tell el-Burak. Traditional typological investigations are combined with a focused archaeometric approach including a new quantitative method for the morphometric analysis of amphorae, thin-section petrography, geochemistry and organic residue analyses, aimed at gaining a more detailed understanding of the organization of the Phoenician economy. Despite gradual, b…
Genomic transformation and social organization during the Copper Age–Bronze Age transition in southern Iberia
2021
Description
Identification of key genes and its chromosome regions linked to drought responses in leaves across different crops through meta-analysis of RNA-Seq …
2019
Background Our study is the first to provide RNA-Seq data analysis related to transcriptomic responses towards drought across different crops. The aim was to identify and map which genes play a key role in drought response on leaves across different crops. Forty-two RNA-seq samples were analyzed from 9 published studies in 7 plant species (Arabidopsis thaliana, Solanum lycopersicum, Zea mays, Vitis vinifera, Malus X domestica, Solanum tuberosum, Triticum aestivum). Results Twenty-seven (16 up-regulated and 11 down-regulated) drought-regulated genes were commonly present in at least 7 of 9 studies, while 351 (147 up-regulated and 204 down-regulated) were commonly drought-regulated in 6 of 9 …
Fitness costs of worker specialization for ant societies
2016
Division of labour is of fundamental importance for the success of societies, yet little is known about how individual specialization affects the fitness of the group as a whole. While specialized workers may be more efficient in the tasks they perform than generalists, they may also lack the flexibility to respond to rapid shifts in task needs. Such rigidity could impose fitness costs when societies face dynamic and unpredictable events, such as an attack by socially parasitic slavemakers. Here, we experimentally assess the colony-level fitness consequences of behavioural specialization in Temnothorax longispinosus ants that are attacked by the slavemaker ant T. americanus . We manipulate…
Changing of the guard: mixed specialization and flexibility in nest defense (Tetragonisca angustula)
2019
Abstract Task allocation is a central challenge of collective behavior in a variety of group-living species, and this is particularly the case for the allocation of social insect workers for group defense. In social insects, both benefits and considerable costs are associated with the production of specialized soldiers. We asked whether colonies mitigate costs of production of specialized soldiers by simultaneously employing behavioral flexibility in nonspecialist workers that can augment defense capabilities at short time scales. We studied colonies of the stingless bee Tetragonisca angustula, a species that has 2 discrete nest-guarding tasks typically performed by majors: hovering guardin…
Chlorophyll fluorescence as a tool for management of plant resources
1994
Abstract Light-induced chlorophyll fluorescence has become a tool which has ever-increasing potential application to experimental plant physiology. The effects of frost, heat, and drought have been analyzed using the kinetics of individual leaves of two representative types of life form: an evergreen tree (holm oak) dominant in the Mediterranean Basin and an annual cultivated legume (soybean). Various indices were used to quantify their response to environmental stress. Canopy fluorescence for the two types of plants was simulated. For two levels of measurement, leaf or canopy, light-induced fluorescence appears to be helpful for forest or crop management in the Mediterranean area.
Southern and fluorescent in situ hybridization detect three RAPD-generated PCR products useful as introgression markers in Petunia
1999
Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to reveal the intrachromosomal organization of 11 RAPD markers localized on the genetic map of Petunia hybrida. The cloned RAPD markers were analyzed by means of Southern hybridization to determine their level of sequence repetition and their specificity in different Petunia species with 2n=14 and 18 chromosomes. The same probes were then used in FISH experiments. Most of the RAPD clones studied showed high sequence repetition and no species specificity. Moreover, FISH analysis showed that these probes could belong to multilocus families as evidenced by the multiple FISH signals dispersed throughout the genome and present on every chromosome…
Jellyfish Impacts on Marine Aquaculture and Fisheries
2020
Over the last 50 years, there has been an increased frequency and severity of negative impacts affecting marine fishery and aquaculture sectors, which claimed significant economic losses due to the interference of stinging gelatinous organisms with daily operational activities. Nevertheless, original scientific information on jellyfish-related incidents, their consequences, and potential preventative and mitigation countermeasures is limited and scattered across gray literature, governmental technical reports, and communication media. A literature scan searching for records of any interactions between jellyfish and the marine fishery/aquaculture sectors were carried out. Out of 553 papers, …
Extended haplodiploidy hypothesis
2019
P.R., M.P., and H.H. were supported by Academy of Finland (grant 258385 to M.P., grant 135970 to H.H., and 252411 to the Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions), P.R. also by the Royal Society Newton International Fellowship, and H.H. also by the Kone Foundation. Evolution of altruistic behavior was a hurdle for the logic of Darwinian evolution. Soon after Hamilton formalized the concept of inclusive fitness, which explains how altruism can evolve, he suggested that the high sororal relatedness brought by haplodiploidy could be why Hymenopterans have a high prevalence in eusocial species, and why helpers in Hymenoptera are always female. Later it was noted that in order to capitali…
Four Perspectives of Applied Sustainability: Research Implications and Possible Integrations
2017
How is applied sustainability being understood and implemented in academics’ and practitioners’ circles? Participants to the workshop “Sustainability Performance Assessment” within the ICCSA 2017 conference are confronted with this overarching question, which they address from their specific backgrounds and theoretical standpoints.