Search results for " PAI."
showing 10 items of 3604 documents
Lung density distribution in dynamic CT correlates with oxygenation in ventilated pigs with lavage ARDS † †This study contains parts of the doctoral …
2003
Background Fast dynamic computed tomography (dCT) has been used to assess regional dynamics of lung inflation and deflation processes. The aim of this study was to relate ventilation-induced changes in lung density distribution, as measured over several respiratory cycles by dCT, to oxygenation and shunt fraction in a lavage acute respiratory distress syndrome model. Methods Six anaesthetized pigs underwent pressure-constant ventilation (F I O2=1.0, inspiratory:expiratory ratio=1:1) before and after induction of lung damage by saline lavage. Mean airway pressure ( P a μ w μ ) was varied (8, 13, 18, 23, 28, 33, and 38 cm H2O) in random order. At each P a μ w μ level, dCT acquisitions were pe…
Temporal dynamics of lung aeration determined by dynamic CT in a porcine model of ARDS
2001
We used dynamic CT to identify two different time constants of lung aeration and their individual contribution to the total increase in cross-sectional lung area in healthy and experimentally damaged lungs. In five healthy pigs, inflation and deflation between 0 and 50 cm H2O was imposed during dynamic (250 ms/image) CT acquisition, and repeated after experimental lung injury by saline lavage. The fractional areas of density ranges, which represent aerated lung parenchyma, were determined planimetrically, and their time for expansion during the manoeuvre was fitted using a bi-exponential model. Thus, two compartments, their sizes, i.e. their relative contributions to lung area aerated by th…
Quantification of atelectatic lung volumes in two different porcine models of ARDS.
2006
BACKGROUND: Cyclic recruitment during mechanical ventilation contributes to ventilator associated lung injury. Two different pathomechanisms in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are currently discussed: alveolar collapse vs persistent flooding of small airways and alveoli. We compare two different ARDS animal models by computed tomography (CT) to describe different recruitment and derecruitment mechanisms at different airway pressures: (i) lavage-ARDS, favouring alveolar collapse by surfactant depletion; and (ii) oleic acid ARDS, favouring alveolar flooding by capillary leakage. METHODS: In 12 pigs [25 (1) kg], ARDS was randomly induced, either by saline lung lavage or oleic acid (…
An inhaled tumor necrosis factor-alpha-derived TIP peptide improves the pulmonary function in experimental lung injury: inhaled TIP peptide in experi…
2012
INTRODUCTION The lectin-like domain of TNF-α enhances the fluid clearance across the alveolar barrier. For experimental purposes, the lectin-like domain can be mimicked by a synthetic peptide representing the TIP-motif of TNF-α. The present study aims to assess the acute effect of TIP on the pulmonary function in a porcine model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS Lung injury was induced in 16 pigs (25-27 kg) by bronchoalveolar lavage followed by injurious ventilation. Following randomisation, either nebulised TIP (1 mg/kg; AP301, APEPTICO, Vienna, Austria) or water for injection (control group) was administered. During 5 h of monitoring, the extravascular lung water inde…
Random allogeneic blood transfusion in pigs: characterisation of a novel experimental model.
2019
BackgroundOrgan cross-talk describes interactions between a primary affected organ and a secondarily injured remote organ, particularly in lung-brain interactions. A common theory is the systemic distribution of inflammatory mediators that are released by the affected organ and transferred through the bloodstream. The present study characterises the baseline immunogenic effects of a novel experimental model of random allogeneic blood transfusion in pigs designed to analyse the role of the bloodstream in organ cross-talk.MethodsAfter approval of the State and Institutional Animal Care Committee, 20 anesthetized pig were randomized in a donor and an acceptor (eachn = 8): the acceptor animals …
L'utilità dell'inutile - The Usefulness of Uselessness - La utilidad de lo inutil
2015
Testo critico sull'esperimento didattico "Inhabiting the Territory" : un laboratorio, esteso tra l’Italia e il Cile, un luogo di elaborazione dell’esperienza diretta, che lavora trasversalmente all’architettura, al design e al paesaggio, per riconoscerne – per contatto così come per differenza – contaminazioni e aderenze, contenuti e concetti, potenzialità e previsioni, e che prova a tenere insieme luoghi distanti, materie impreviste, cultura locale e cultura materiale, la città densa con la campagna estesa e a bassa densità… i Quattro Canti di città, a Palermo e Loanco sull’Oceano Pacifico. È una didattica del pensiero e delle mani, per sperimentare prima di fare, per fare senza aver paura…
Intraoperative transfusion practices in Europe
2016
PubMed: 26787795
Ad laudem Divini nominis et honorem gloriosissimae Dei Genetricis et semper Virginis Mariae. L’abbazia di Santa Maria di Altofonte
2019
Inediti documenti fanno in parte riemergere l’antico splendore dell’abbazia di Santa Maria di Altofonte, fondata da Federico III e retta dal XV secolo da abati commendatari appartenenti a nobili famiglie, come Ascanio Colonna, Scipione Borghese e Francesco Maria Medici. Dell’esiguo patrimonio artistico rimasto fa parte la coppia di reliquiari di argentiere messinese del 1727 ascritta alla committenza dell’abate Bartolotta. New documents partly re-emerge the ancient splendour of the abbey of Santa Maria di Altofonte, founded by Frederick III and ruled since the 15th century by commendatory abbots belonging to noble families, such as Ascanio Colonna, Scipione Borghese and Francesco Maria Medi…
Intestinal tuberculosis in a child living in a country with a low incidence of tuberculosis : a case report
2014
Background: Relatively common in adults, intestinal tuberculosis is considered rare in children and adolescents. The protean manifestations of intestinal tuberculosis mean that the diagnosis is often delayed (sometimes even for years), thus leading to increased mortality and unnecessary surgery. The main diagnostic dilemma is to differentiate intestinal tuberculosis and Crohn’s disease because a misdiagnosis can have dramatic consequences. Case presentation: A 13-year-old Caucasian, Italian female adolescent attended the Emergency Department complaining of abdominal pain, a fever of up to 38°C, night sweats, diarrhea with blood in stool, and a weight loss of about three kilograms over the p…
EP1224 Predictors and clinical outcome of pancreatic fistula in patients receiving splenectomy for advanced or recurrent ovarian cancer: a large mult…
2019
Introduction/Background The aim of the surgical treatment of advanced ovarian cancer is to completely remove all macroscopic disease.To achieve optimal cytoreduction, the use of extensive upper abdominal surgery has become widely accepted.Although the disease doesn’t usually invade the splenic parenchyma, the capsule may commonly be infiltrated. These metastases may be difficult to be dissected from the pancreatic tail and a partial pancreatic resection en bloc with spleen may be required. The objective of this study is to evaluate predictors and clinical outcome of pancreatic fistula in patients receiving splenectomy for advanced or recurrent ovarian cancer. Methodology Data of women recei…