Search results for " Pathologic"
showing 10 items of 285 documents
An update on the conquests and perspectives of cardio-oncology in the field of tumor angiogenesis-targeting TKI-based therapy.
2019
Introduction: The angiogenesis mechanism is considered a crucial point in neoplastic development. A growing number of multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has been developed and approved for cancer treatment during the last few years. Cardiac side effects still remain an issue to manage nowadays. These drugs mechanisms and toxicities have already been discussed, hence the authors will report updates on these already available drugs. Area covered: This manuscript provides an updated review on the new mechanisms involved in angiogenesis and cardiotoxicity that are TKI-related. Here is reported an overview of the already available and the most recent TKIs under investigation in the …
Angiogenesis of oral lichen planus: a possible pathogenetic mechanism.
2008
Objective: Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory disease with an autoimmune inflammatory pathogenesis. The aim of the research is to compare the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and adhesion of molecules in the biopsy samples of patients affected by OLP, in order to research the presence of the angiogenetic phenomenon and to understand its pathogenetic mechanism. Materials and Methods: Thirty OLP patients and thirty healthy subjects were enrolled in a study. The immunohistochemical analysis of the VEGF and vascularendothelial adhesion molecules was carried out by means of primary antibodies and anti-CD34, anti-VEGF, antiCD106 antigen (VCAM-1) and anti-CD54 antigen (ICA…
Increased Vascularity in Cervicovaginal Mucosa with Schistosoma haematobium Infection
2011
Background Close to 800 million people in the world are at risk of schistosomiasis, 85 per cent of whom live in Africa. Recent studies have indicated that female genital schistosomiasis might increase the risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The aim of this study is to quantify and analyse the characteristics of the vasculature surrounding Schistosoma haematobium ova in the female genital mucosa. Methodology/Principal Findings Cervicovaginal biopsies with S. haematobium ova (n = 20) and control biopsies (n = 69) were stained with immunohistochemical blood vessel markers CD31 and von Willebrand Factor (vWF), which stain endothelial cells in capillary buds and established blo…
Endothelial Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibits glioma angiogenesis and normalizes tumor blood vessels by inducing PDGF-B expression
2012
Wnt modulates glioma vascularization by regulating PDGF-B expression.
C21orf2 is mutated in recessive early-onset retinal dystrophy with macular staphyloma and encodes a protein that localises to the photoreceptor prima…
2015
Background/aim We have noted a phenotype of early-onset retinal dystrophy with macular staphyloma but without high myopia. The aim of this study is to report the underlying genetic mutations and the subcellular localisation of the gene product in the retina. Methods Retrospective case series (2012–2015); immunohistochemical analyses of mammalian retina for in situ protein localisation. Results All three probands were first noted to have decreased vision at 3–6 years old which worsened over time. At ages 39, 37 and 12 years old, all had similar retinal findings: dystrophic changes (retinal pigment epithelium mottling, vessel narrowing), macular staphyloma (despite only mild myopia or high hy…
Molecular mechanisms linking amyloid β toxicity and Tau hyperphosphorylation in Alzheimer׳s disease
2015
Neurofibrillary tangles (aggregates of cytoskeletal Tau protein) and senile plaques (aggregates mainly formed by amyloid β peptide) are two landmark lesions in Alzheimer׳s disease. Some researchers have proposed tangles, whereas others have proposed plaques, as primary lesions. For a long time, these were thought of as independent mechanisms. However, experimental evidence suggests that both lesions are intimately related. We review here some molecular pathways linking amyloid β and Tau toxicities involving, among others, glycogen synthase kinase 3β, p38, Pin1, cyclin-dependent kinase 5, and regulator of calcineurin 1. Understanding amyloid β and Tau toxicities as part of a common pathophys…
Exploring the concept of “inflammatory angiogenesis” in keratocystic odontogenic tumor
2013
Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of inflammation in angiogenesis of keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT). Study Design: Twenty inflamed and 20 non-inflamed KCOTs were selected based on quantitative scoring of inflammation which was also applied on 20 radicular cysts. Microvessel density was assessed in all samples using CD34 antibody and angiogenesis was compared between the three groups. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by post-hoc Scheffe test and P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results: A statistically significant difference in angiogenesis was found between radicular cysts and both inf…
Myofibroblasts and increased angiogenesis contribute to periapical cystic injury containment and repair
2019
Background Myofibroblasts (MF) and angiogenesis are important factors in the development and expansion of cystic lesions, where these cells secrete growth factors and proteases, stimulating angiogenesis, matrix deposition and cell migration, affecting the growth of these periapicopathies. The present study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of CD34 and α-SMA in radicular cysts (RC) and residual radicular cysts (RRC), with the purpose of contributing to a better understanding of the expansion and progression of these periapical lesions. Material and Methods The present study os a descriptive, quantitative and comparative analysis of positive CD34 and α-SMA immunohistochemic…
The role of mast cells on angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
2011
Objective: Angiogenesis or neovascularization has long been known to aid in progression and metastasis of malignant tumors. Tumor angiogenesis is a complex event mediated by angiogenic factors released from cancer cells and or by host immune cells. Mast cells may induce tumor progression and potentiate metastasis by stimulating angiogenesis. The purpose of the present study was to validate topographic distribution of micro vessel density (MVD) and mast cell density (MCD) and help to elucidate the possible role of mast cells in tumor angiogenesis and correlating this with advanced disease parameters. Study Design: MVD and MCD were investigated in tumor specimens from 30 patients diagnosed wi…
TMA Vessel Segmentation Based on Color and Morphological Features: Application to Angiogenesis Research
2013
Given that angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are strongly related to prognosis in neoplastic and other pathologies and that many methods exist that provide different results, we aim to construct a morphometric tool allowing us to measure different aspects of the shape and size of vascular vessels in a complete and accurate way. The developed tool presented is based on vessel closing which is an essential property to properly characterize the size and the shape of vascular and lymphatic vessels. The method is fast and accurate improving existing tools for angiogenesis analysis. The tool also improves the accuracy of vascular density measurements, since the set of endothelial cells forming a…