Search results for " Polymer"

showing 10 items of 3533 documents

Poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase in quail oviduct. Changes during estrogen and progesterone induction

1974

Abstract The activities of the following enzymes have been determined in nuclei of quail oviducts in response to exogenous stimulation of the birds with diethylstilbestrol, used as an estrogen analogue and progesterone: DNA dependent DNA polymerase, DNA dependent RNA polymerase I and II and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) [=poly(ADP-Rib)] polymerase. During primary stimulation with the estrogen analogue the activities of the four DNA dependent polymerases increase to about the same degree. Upon withdrawal of the hormones the levels of the enzymes drop to values known from nuclei from unstimulated quail oviducts. The secondary stimulation with the estrogen analogue causes a significant in…

medicine.medical_specialtyanimal structuresDNA polymerasemedicine.drug_classPoly ADP ribose polymeraseRNA polymerase IICoturnixDNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseOviductschemistry.chemical_compoundRNA Polymerase Ibiology.animalInternal medicineGeneticsmedicineRNA polymerase IAnimalsDiethylstilbestrolProgesteronePolymerasebiologyCell DifferentiationAvidinNADMolecular biologyQuailEndocrinologychemistryEstrogenEnzyme Inductionbiology.proteinFemaleRNA Polymerase IIPoly(ADP-ribose) PolymerasesCell DivisionDNANucleic Acids Research
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Signaling through BMPR-IA regulates quiescence and long-term activity of neural stem cells in the adult hippocampus.

2010

SummaryNeural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult hippocampus divide infrequently, and the molecules that modulate their quiescence are largely unknown. Here, we show that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling is active in hippocampal NSCs, downstream of BMPR-IA. BMPs reversibly diminish proliferation of cultured NSCs while maintaining their undifferentiated state. In vivo, acute blockade of BMP signaling in the hippocampus by intracerebral infusion of Noggin first recruits quiescent NSCs into the cycle and increases neurogenesis; subsequently, it leads to decreased stem cell division and depletion of precursors and newborn neurons. Consistently, selective ablation of Bmpr1a in hippocampal …

medicine.medical_specialtyanimal structuresGenetic VectorsHippocampal formationBiologyBone morphogenetic proteinHippocampusModels BiologicalMOLNEUROCell LineMiceNeural Stem CellsInternal medicineGeneticsmedicineAnimalsHumansNogginBone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors Type ICells Culturedreproductive and urinary physiologySmad4 ProteinNeuronsReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionStem CellsCell CycleLentivirusNeurogenesisCentral-nervous-system; Bone morphogenetic protein; Dentate gyrus; Progenitor cells; Neurogenesis; Expression; Receptor; Noggin; Brain; DifferentiationCell BiologyFlow CytometrySTEMCELLRats Inbred F344BMPR1ANeural stem cellRatsCell biologyEndocrinologyStem cell divisionnervous systemembryonic structuresMolecular MedicineStem cellbiological phenomena cell phenomena and immunityCarrier ProteinsSignal Transduction
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Controlled Ovarian Stimulation Induces a Functional Genomic Delay of the Endometrium with Potential Clinical Implications

2008

Context: Controlled ovarian stimulation induces morphological, biochemical, and functional genomic modifications of the human endometrium during the window of implantation. Objective: Our objective was to compare the gene expression profile of the human endometrium in natural vs. controlled ovarian stimulation cycles throughout the early-mid secretory transition using microarray technology. Method: Microarray data from 49 endometrial biopsies obtained from LH+1 to LH+9 (n = 25) in natural cycles and from human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) +1 to hCG+9 in controlled ovarian stimulation cycles (n = 24) were analyzed using different methods, such as clustering, profiling of biological processes…

medicine.medical_specialtyendocrine systemEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedia_common.quotation_subjectClinical BiochemistryStimulationLuteal PhaseBiologyEndometriumChorionic GonadotropinBiochemistryHuman chorionic gonadotropinEndometriumEndocrinologyOvulation InductionReference ValuesInternal medicinemedicineHumansMenstrual CycleMenstrual cycleOligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysismedia_commonRegulation of gene expressionGlutathione PeroxidaseGenome HumanReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionMicroarray analysis techniquesurogenital systemBiochemistry (medical)Luteinizing HormoneInsulin-Like Growth Factor Binding ProteinsGene expression profilingInsulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3Endocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureGene Expression RegulationGene chip analysisRNAFemaleAlgorithms
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Atrial natriuretic peptide secretion during development of the rat supraoptic nucleus

2009

Since a relationship between atrial natriuretic peptide and oxytocin was recently demonstrated in the heart (Gutkowska et al., 1997), the aim of this study was to determine whether a relationship between the two peptides is present also in the rat hypothalamus. For this purpose, we measured ANP-ontogeny in the rat hypothalamus immunohistochemically and compared it with oxytocin-ontogeny which we previously studied. The results showed that the ANP-peptide and mRNA-ANP start at the 18th day of the fetal life. Our earlier data for oxytocin in the rat hypothalamus showed that only mRNA-oxytocin appeared the 18th day of foetal life (Farina Lipari et al., 2001); thus, at the 18th day of foetal li…

medicine.medical_specialtyendocrine systemHistologyBiophysicsOxytocinSupraoptic nucleusAtrial natriuretic peptidePregnancyInternal medicinesupraopticMedicineAnimalsSecretionRNA MessengerRats Wistarlcsh:QH301-705.5FetusMessenger RNAbusiness.industryReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionnucleushypothalamicCell BiologyImmunohistochemistryRatsEndocrinologyOxytocinAnimals NewbornGene Expression Regulationlcsh:Biology (General)Hypothalamuscardiovascular systemFemalebusinessSupraoptic NucleusAtrial Natriuretic FactorCell Nucleolushormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistscirculatory and respiratory physiologymedicine.drugEuropean Journal of Histochemistry
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Phosphodiesterase10A: abundance and circadian regulation in the retina and photoreceptor of the rat.

2011

Phosphodiesterase10A (PDE10A) is a dual specific cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase that is specifically enriched in striatum and which has gained attention as a therapeutic target for psychiatric disorders. The present study shows that PDE10A is also highly expressed in retinal neurons including photoreceptors. The levels of PDE10A transcript and protein display daily rhythms which could be seen in preparations of the whole retina. Corresponding changes in PDE10A mRNA were seen in photoreceptors isolated using laser microdissection. This suggests that the expressional control of the photoreceptor Pde10a gene contributes to the observed cyclicity in the amount of retinal PDE10A. The daily …

medicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresAANATBlotting WesternContext (language use)Biologychemistry.chemical_compoundCyclic nucleotideInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsImmunoprecipitationCircadian rhythmRNA MessengerMolecular BiologyLaser capture microdissectionRetinaMicroscopy ConfocalPhosphoric Diester HydrolasesReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGeneral NeuroscienceLasersRetinalCell biologyCircadian RhythmRatsLight intensityEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistrysense organsNeurology (clinical)Nucleotides CyclicMicrodissectionDevelopmental BiologyPhotoreceptor Cells VertebrateBrain research
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Human antiphospholipid antibodies induce TNFα in monocytes via Toll-like receptor 8

2009

The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is characterized by recurrent arterial and/or venous thromboses, pregnancy loss and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). One of the discussed mechanisms of this thrombotic activity in APS patients is attributed to TNFalpha secretion in monocytes after aPL stimulation. To investigate this mechanism in detail, we employed a monoclonal aPL and IgG fractions of APS patients for stimulation of human peripheral monocytes. Stimulation with this monoclonal aPL resulted in an increased expression and secretion of TNFalpha, caused by specific upregulation of TLR8 mRNA and protein expression levels. To confirm the specificity of this finding we could d…

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classBlotting WesternImmunologyEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayStimulationCell SeparationBiologyMonoclonal antibodyPeripheral blood mononuclear cellMonocytesProinflammatory cytokineDownregulation and upregulationimmune system diseasesAntiphospholipid syndromeInternal medicinemedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAntibodies MonoclonalHematologyAntiphospholipid SyndromeFlow Cytometrymedicine.diseaseEndocrinologyToll-Like Receptor 8MonoclonalImmunologyAntibodies AntiphospholipidElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelTumor necrosis factor alphaImmunobiology
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Estrogen receptor agonists and immune system in ovariectomized mice.

2006

Several data implicate the immune system in bone lost after estrogen deficiency, however, some of the effects on the immune system of estrogen deficiency or of estrogen receptor (ER) modulation are not well established. In this study, the effect of ER agonists on the immune system in ovariectomized mice is analyzed. Mice were ovariectomized and were administered 17β-estradiol (E2), raloxifene (RAL) or genistein (GEN). The effect of a 4-week treatment on bone turnover and on several parameters that reflect the status of the immune system was studied. Results show that ovariectomy provoked both uterine atrophy and thymic hypertrophy. Although RAL corrected thymic hypertrophy, only E2 correct…

medicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classOvariectomyImmunologyEstrogen receptorGenistein03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundEstrogen-related receptor alphaMice0302 clinical medicineImmune systemInternal medicinemedicineImmunology and AllergyAnimalsRaloxifeneEstrogen receptor betaCell ProliferationDNA PrimersPharmacologyBase SequenceEstradiolbusiness.industryReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGenisteinMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologychemistryReceptors EstrogenEstrogen030220 oncology & carcinogenesisImmune SystemRaloxifene HydrochlorideOvariectomized ratFemalebusiness030215 immunologymedicine.drugInternational journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
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Novel Combination of Sorafenib and Celecoxib Provides Synergistic Anti-Proliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects in Human Liver Cancer Cells

2013

Molecular targeted therapy has shown promise as a treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, recently received FDA approval for the treatment of advanced HCC. However, although sorafenib is well tolerated, concern for its safety has been expressed. Celecoxib (Celebrex®) is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor which exhibits antitumor effects in human HCC cells. The present study examined the interaction between celecoxib and sorafenib in two human liver tumor cell lines HepG2 and Huh7. Our data showed that each inhibitor alone reduced cell growth and the combination of celecoxib with sorafenib synergistically inhibited cell growth an…

medicine.medical_treatmentCancer TreatmentGene ExpressionApoptosisPharmacologyBiochemistryTargeted therapy0302 clinical medicineMolecular Cell Biology0303 health sciencesSulfonamidesMultidisciplinaryReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionQLiver NeoplasmsRDrug SynergismGenomicsSorafenib3. Good healthGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMedicineLiver cancermedicine.drugResearch ArticleBiotechnologySignal TransductionSorafenibNiacinamideProgrammed cell deathCarcinoma HepatocellularScienceBlotting WesternBiologyMolecular Genetics03 medical and health sciencesCell Line TumorGastrointestinal TumorsmedicineIn Situ Nick-End LabelingHumansneoplasmsBiology030304 developmental biologyCell ProliferationDNA PrimersHuman liver cancer Apoptosis Sorafenib Celecoxib anti-proliferative effectsCell growthGene Expression ProfilingPhenylurea CompoundsComputational BiologyCancers and NeoplasmsHepatocellular CarcinomaChemotherapy and Drug Treatmentmedicine.diseaseMicroarray Analysisdigestive system diseasesGene expression profilingApoptosisCell cultureCelecoxibPyrazolesGenome Expression AnalysisPLoS ONE
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Differences in cytomegalovirus plasma viral loads measured in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients using two commercial real-time…

2010

5 páginas, 3 figuras.

medicine.medical_treatmentCongenital cytomegalovirus infectionCytomegalovirusHematopoietic stem cell transplantationHematopoietic stem cell transplantationBiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionAutomationPlasmaVirologymedicineHumansViral loadHematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantationvirus diseasesViral LoadUniversity hospitalmedicine.diseaseVirologyDNA extractionAllogeneic stem cell transplantReverse transcription polymerase chain reactionInfectious DiseasesReal-time polymerase chain reactionSpainImmunologyCytomegalovirus InfectionsAllogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantViral loadReal-time PCRJournal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
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Optimized culture conditions for tissue explants of uterine leiomyoma

2012

Background Uterine leiomyomas are the most common benign tumours in women, which arise from smooth muscle cells of the uterine myometrium and usually are multicentric. In spite of their frequency pathogenesis is widely unknown, mainly due to the absence of a suitable model system. We describe the systematic optimization of culturing leiomyoma tissue explants in an economical and effective ex vivo system. Methods Different concentrations of oxygen, different media, sera, hormones, and growth factor supplements were tested. Immunohistochemical stainings with antibodies against hormone receptors as well as specifying proliferation and apoptotic indices and real-time PCR were performed. Results…

medicine.medical_treatmentCulture Media; Epidermal Growth Factor; Estradiol; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Leiomyoma; Progesterone; RNA Messenger; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Uterine NeoplasmsBiologyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyAndrologyTissue culturemedicineHumansRNA MessengerUterine NeoplasmProgesteroneUterine leiomyomaEpidermal Growth FactorEstradiolLeiomyomaGrowth factorMyometriummedicine.diseaseImmunohistochemistrySettore MED/40 - Ginecologia E OstetriciaCulture MediaLeiomyomaHormone receptorUterine NeoplasmsFemaleEx vivoHuman
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