Search results for " Process"
showing 10 items of 17204 documents
Measuring syntactic complexity in learner Finnish
2020
In the study of complexity, accuracy and fluency (CAF), syntactic complexity can be measured by a multitude of measures. Traditionally, the measures are quantitative and they use production units such as words, clauses, T -units, and sentences. Despite the vast number o f measures available, many studies have used only one or two of them, or parallel ones tapping the same component of complexity. The present study explores syntactic complexity using seven frequently used quantitative complexity measures to gauge different facets of complexity in written learner Finnish. The data of the study consist of texts written by adult and adolescent language learners, and they cover proficiency level…
Words, clauses, sentences, and T-units in learner language: Precise and objective units of measure?
2020
In research on learner language complexity, accuracy and fluency (CAF), syntactic complexity is often studied with quantitative measures based on words, clauses, sentences, and T-units. The findings have been mixed, but segmenting learner language into these units of measure has seldom been problematised, even if the need for accurate coding is well known. The present study explores words, clauses, sentences, and T-units as production units in written learner language using a corpus of 352 L2 Finnish texts (28,813 words). The results illustrate how written learner language can be hard to fit into the production unit categories, which are essential for the most frequently used quantitative m…
Mehrsprachigkeit von Lernern mit Migrationshintergrund im finnischen Fremdsprachenunterricht : Perspektiven der Lerner, Lehrpersonen und Erziehungsbe…
2016
The goal of this study is to examine how the relatively new phenomenon of multilingualism in the Finnish education system is presently managed in foreign language classes in the Finnish comprehensive school. The focus is on how bi- and multilingual learners with migration background can benefit from their previous individual language experiences, language learning experiences and language awareness processes, and how these function as a resource for their further (foreign) language learning process. Until now migration research in the Finnish context concentrating on language learning mainly consists of second language acquisition. This study, however, focusses on foreign language learning …
Pedagogìčna vzaêmodìâ âk važlivij činnik udoskonalennâ fahovoï pìdgotovki majbutnìh učitelìv
2017
In the article the problem of empathy is examined as the social-psychological phenomenon, the historical aspects of establishment of this concept are selected. It is here underlined going near understanding of this concept and role of empathy for the future teachers.
Confocal laser scanning microscopy for the study of the morphological changes of the postextraction sites
2012
A better understanding of the remodeling process of postextraction sockets is essential in dental treatment planning. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) can be applied to imaging contour changes of postextraction sites, as well as to its quantification with image analysis of obtained three-dimensional images. This work describes a new application of the CLSM technique. The system used was the OLS3100-USS, LEXT model (Olympus((R))). CLSM was used for the surface analysis of the extraction site. The measurements taken with CLSM were: (1) mesio-distal distance, (2) alveolar ridge thickness, and (3) vestibular and lingual alveolar ridge heigh…
New is not always costly: evidence from online processing of topic and contrast in Japanese.
2013
Two visual ERP experiments were conducted to investigate topic and contrast assigned by various cues such as discourse context, sentential position and marker during referential processing in Japanese. Experiment 1 showed that there was no N400-difference for new vs. given noun phrases (NPs) when the new NP was expected (contrastively focused) based on its preceding context and sentential position. Experiment 2 further revealed that the N400 for new NPs can be modulated by the NP’s contrastive meaning (exhausitivity) induced from the marker. Both experiments also showed that new NPs engendered an increased Late Positivity. The reduced N400 for new vs. given supports an expectation-based lin…
Some Remarks about Product Spaces
2018
Summary This article covers some technical aspects about the product topology which are usually not given much of a thought in mathematics and standard literature like [7] and [6], not even by Bourbaki in [4]. Let {Ti}i∈I be a family of topological spaces. The prebasis of the product space T = ∏ i∈I Ti is defined in [5] as the set of all π −1 i (V) with i ∈ I and V open in Ti . Here it is shown that the basis generated by this prebasis consists exactly of the sets ∏ i∈I Vi with Vi open in Ti and for all but finitely many i ∈ I holds Vi = Ti . Given I = {a} we have T ≅ Ta , given I = {a, b} with a≠ b we have T ≅ Ta ×Tb . Given another family of topological spaces {Si}i∈I such that Si ≅ Ti fo…
Anonymization as homeomorphic data space transformation for privacy-preserving deep learning
2021
Industry 4.0 is largely data-driven nowadays. Owners of the data, on the one hand, want to get added value from the data by using remote artificial intelligence tools as services, on the other hand, they concern on privacy of their data within external premises. Ideal solution for this challenge would be such anonymization of the data, which makes the data safe in remote servers and, at the same time, leaves the opportunity for the machine learning algorithms to capture useful patterns from the data. In this paper, we take the problem of supervised machine learning with deep feedforward neural nets and provide an anonymization algorithm (based on the homeomorphic data space transformation),…
Skeleton-Based Multiview Reconstruction
2016
International audience; The advantage of skeleton-based 3D reconstruction is to completely generate a single 3D object from well chosen views. Having numerous views is necessary for a reliable reconstruction but projections of skeletons lead to different topologies. We reconstruct 3D objects with curved medial axis (whose topology is a tree) from the perspective skeletons on an arbitrary number of calibrated acquisitions. The main contribution is to estimate the 3D skeleton, from multiple images: its topology is chosen as the closest to those of the perspective skeletons on the set of images, which means that the number of topology changes to map the 3D skeleton topology to topologies on im…
Clean Agent Selection Approached by Fuzzy TOPSIS Decision-Making Method
2008
Abstract. It is well known that halons are ozone-depleting substances and their release into the atmosphere has contributed in the last decades to the reduction in the ozone layer. In consequence to the Montreal Protocol, an international agreement designed to gradually eliminate the use of such substances, fire protection industry researchers faced the challenge of finding effective solutions to replace halon extinguishers. This research aims to provide a method to support the decision maker in the selection of the most suitable extinguisher substance for a specific application. According to such framework, a set of quantitative and qualitative criteria has been established in the decision…