Search results for " Processing"
showing 10 items of 7549 documents
Evaluating End-user Support : Validating the Use of Multiple Media in a CSCW Application
2006
Human-centred views on information systems are gaining more and more attention in IS community. The need to evaluate information systems from such a perspective is thus evident. In this paper, we exploit our earlier developed theoretical framework for evaluating end-user support in information systems, and demonstrate its usage in validating the use of multiple communication and collaboration media in a CSCW application. The evaluation is performed in terms of user perception in ISD process, users’ role in organizational information processing, and users’ behavioural nuances. Our study shows that a context specific theoretical framework is useful in validating the empirical results of syste…
Cognitive Mimetics for AI Ethics : Tacit Knowledge, Action Ontologies and Problem Restructuring
2020
Ethics and ethical information processing are an important problem for AI development. It is important for self-evident reasons, but also challenging in its’ implications and should be welcomed by designers and developers as an interesting technical challenge. This article explores AI ethics as a design problem and lays out how cognitive mimetics could be used a method for its design. AI ethics is conceptualized as a problem of implementation on the one hand, and as a problem of ethical contents on the other. From the viewpoint of human information processing, ethics becomes a special case of ethical information processing - one that has deep implications in terms of AI abilities and inform…
Patvaļīga piekļūšana automatizētai datu apstrādes sistēmai. Ar to radītais kaitējums un problemātika
2016
Darbā tiek apskatīts viens no bīstamākiem un neparedzamiem noziedzīgiem nodarījumiem kas tiek dvti par kibernoziegumiem. Šo noziedzīgo nodarījumu skaits un sarežģītība pieaug ar katru gadu. Latvijā var sastapt vairākus kibernozieguma veidus. Viens no izplatītākajim ir paltvaļīga peikļūšana automatizētai datu apstrādes sistēmai, par kuru paredzēta kriminālatbildība Krimināllikuma 241.pantā. Izmeklējot šāda veida noziedzīgus nodarījumus rodas problēmas, kā parezi kvalificēt noziedzīgo nodarījumu, kam jāpievērš uzmanība, lai izmeklēšanas gala rezultātā noziedzīgs nodarījums netiktu kvalificēts pēc cita krimināllikuma panta. Pastāvot šāda veida noziedzīgo nodarījumu izmeklēšanas problēmām, Latv…
Investigating the effectiveness of a digital game-based task on the acquisition of word knowledge
2020
This study investigates the probable effect of a digital game-based vocabulary learning (DGBVL) task on the acquisition of some components of a word knowledge framework. In so doing, 124 Persian speakers (56 males and 68 females) were randomly assigned to either a control or an experimental group. The experimental group participants completed a DGBVL task for acquiring ten low-frequent inanimate object names, or lexical nouns, by playing a commercial adventure game. The control group participants practiced the same words in a fill-in-the-blank vocabulary acquisition exercise. In brief, first, all participants sat for a word-checklist and a proficiency test; next, they completed their tasks,…
A Contrastive Evaluation of Word Sense Disambiguation Systems for Finnish
2019
Aiempi saneiden alamerkitysten yksiselitteistämistä käsittelevä työ, kuten monet muut luonnollisen kielen käsittelyyn liittyvät tehtävät, on enimmäkseen keskittynyt englannin kieleen. Vaikka hieman työtä on tehty myös muilla kielillä, mukaan lukien uralilaiset kielet, vertailevaa arviointia suomen kielen saneiden alamerkitysten yksiselitteistämisestä ei ole tähän mennessä julkaistu huolimatta siitä, että tarvittavat leksikaaliset resurssit, erityisesti FinnWordNet, ovat jo pitkään olleet saatavilla. Tämä työ pyrkii korjaamaan tilanteen. Se tarjoaa tuloksia merkittävimpiä lähestymistapoja saneiden alamerkitysten yksiselitteistämiseen edustavista ohjelmista, sisältäen joitakin parhaiten engla…
What is a language error?
2022
Why are we so afraid of making mistakes? Students in language classes, speakers of non-standard varieties, professionals working abroad – we all share the anxiety of dropping the ball. But where does this anxiety come from? Why do we perceive certain linguistic features as errors in the first place? Is there any inherent faultiness in such features, or is a language error arbitrary? And if it is arbitrary, are errors less real? In this discussion, Maria Khachaturyan, Maria Kuteeva and Svetlana Vetchinnikova zoom in on the social life of variation in language and its uneasy relationship with our normative ideas. After that, Gunnar Norrman and Dmitri Leontjev give their comments. The discussi…
Shape optimization for Stokes problem with threshold slip boundary conditions
2017
This paper deals with shape optimization of systems governed by the Stokes flow with threshold slip boundary conditions. The stability of solutions to the state problem with respect to a class of domains is studied. For computational purposes the slip term and impermeability condition are handled by a regularization. To get a finite dimensional optimization problem, the optimized part of the boundary is described by B´ezier polynomials. Numerical examples illustrate the computational efficiency. peerReviewed
Cognitive skills, self-beliefs and task interest in children with low reading and/or arithmetic fluency
2022
This study examined the identifiability and early cognitive and motivational markers of low reading and arithmetic fluency. Comparisons of these characteristics between Finnish third graders (n = 197) with low fluency in reading, arithmetic, or both revealed, first, that the majority of third graders with low arithmetic fluency showed low arithmetic skills already at first-grade spring, whereas children with low reading fluency were identified from the second-grade fall onward. Second, all groups with low fluency showed low rapid automatized naming and counting skills across the primary school years, while in other cognitive skills these groups showed different patterns. Third, all groups w…
Hume’s Guillotine Resolved
2020
According to Hume’s guillotine, one cannot derive values from facts. Since intelligent systems are fact processors, one can ask how ethical machines can be possible. However, ethics is a real-life process. People analyze actions and situations emotionally and cognitively. Thus they learn rules, such as “this situation feels good/bad.” The cognitive analysis of actions is associated with emotional analysis. The association of action, emotion and cognition can be termed a primary ethical schema. Through an ethical information process in which emotions and cognitions interact in social discourse, primary ethical schemas are refined into ethical norms. Each component of the process is different…
Affective Mimetics, Emotional Information Space, and Metaverse
2021
Current technology design pursues applying human-like features to AI technologies. These attempts have faced many challenges due to the essential complexities of the human mind. Cognitive mimetics is a design approach to mimic human information processes in designing intelligent technologies. The focus is on mimicking cognition, human knowledge structures, and represented mental information contents which addresses a fundamental issue in technology design. However, cognition is one aspect of information processing in the human mind. Affective information processing also plays an essential role in addressing the meaningfulness of cognitive processes. This paper discusses affective mimetics (…