Search results for " Protection"
showing 10 items of 995 documents
Replacing short-haul flights with land-based transportation modes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions: the case of Finland
2019
Even though air travel often provides the fastest transport option, it also has the highest climate impact. Especially on long-haul trips, an aircraft usually represents the only feasible option. Nevertheless, aircraft are more often used on short-haul routes as well. It is the short-haul flights that produce the highest emissions per passenger. These are also the ones that could be replaced the most easily by land-based transportation modes. This study investigates the greenhouse gas emissions reduction potential of replacing short-haul flights with train, coach and car travel within Finland while also taking into account real travel times from door to door. Our results showed that replaci…
Julkista lastensuojelun perhetyötä yksityiskodissa
2019
The purpose of this doctoral dissertation in social work is to illustrate the open care child welfare support that is conducted in private homes. Family work in this study is seen as essentially morally charged work, because the study’s theoretical background approach-es social work from a perspective of reflective, relation-based theory. The object of the study is parents’ and family workers’ experiences of family work, especially within a private home setting. The research data were collected from eight family workers and eight parents from six different families. These individual interviews were conducted as thematic interviews in 2014 and 2015. The data were analysed using thematic cont…
Lapsen osallisuus Suomen adoptiolainsäädännössä – lainsäädännön muutosten ja niiden historiallisten syiden tarkastelua osallisuusnäkökulmasta
2019
Artikkelissa tarkastellaan normatiivisen, oikeushistoriallisen näkökulman kautta lapsen osallisuutta ja sen institutionalistista muutosta suomalaisessa adoptiojärjestelmässä. Keskeinen kysymys on, miten ja miksi lapsen asema osallistuvana subjektina on historiallisesti määritelty ja muuttunut adoptiota ja lastensuojelua koskevassa lainsäädännössä. Osallisuuden muutoksia lainsäädännössä tarkastellaan suhteessa kansainvälisessä adoptiojärjestelmässä ja lapsen oikeusasemassa 1920 -luvulta vuoteen 2018 tapahtuneisiin muutoksiin. Aineistona käytetään a) adoptio- ja lastensuojelulainsäädäntöä ja sen valmisteluasiakirjoja ja b) adoptioon, oikeusteoriaan ja lapsen lainsäädännöllisen aseman historia…
Algae in urban water bodies - control of growth and use as a biomas
2018
Enhancing the ecology security of Ukraine and other developing countries is predetermined by the environmental problems of cities. It prompts studies on the contamination of city's and adjacent water bodies. The control of blue-green algae distribution and the use of its biomass for production of the biofuels, energy, oils, medicine, etc. is one of the contributing factors to the well-balanced development of infrastructure of cities. The intensity of the processes of eutrophication and the species composition of the algae, which cause algal blooming, was investigated based on data of the Vorskla River in Poltava city (Ukraine). Relevant methods, statistical data of Ukrainian Environmental S…
The magnesium isotope record of cave carbonate archives
2012
Here we explore the potential of magnesium (&delta;<sup>26</sup>Mg) isotope time-series data as continental climate proxies in speleothem calcite archives. For this purpose, a total of six Pleistocene and Holocene stalagmites from caves in Germany, Morocco and Peru and two flowstones from a cave in Austria were investigated. These caves represent the semi-arid to arid (Morocco), the warm-temperate (Germany), the equatorial-humid (Peru) and the cold-humid (Austria) climate zones. Changes in the calcite magnesium isotope signature with time are compared against carbon and oxygen isotope records from these speleothems. Similar to other proxies, the non-trivial interaction of a …
The reconstruction of easterly wind directions for the Eifel region (Central Europe) during the period 40.3–12.9 ka BP
2010
Abstract. A high resolution continuous reconstruction of last glacial wind directions is based on provenance analysis of eolian sediments in a sediment core from the Dehner dry Maar in the Eifel region (Germany). This Maar is suitable to archive easterly wind directions due to its location west of the Devonian carbonate basins of the Eifel-North-South-Zone. Thus, eolian sediments with high clastic carbonate content can be interpreted as an east wind signal. The detection of such east wind sediments is applied by a new module of the RADIUS grain size analyze technique. The investigated time period from 40.3–12.9 ka BP can be subclassified in three units: The first unit covers the periods of …
Blue intensity and density from northern Fennoscandian tree rings, exploring the potential to improve summer temperature reconstructions with earlywo…
2014
Abstract. Here we explore two new tree-ring parameters, derived from measurements of wood density and blue intensity (BI). The new proxies show an increase in the interannual summer temperature signal compared to established proxies, and present the potential to improve long-term performance. At high latitudes, where tree growth is mainly limited by low temperatures, radiodensitometric measurements of wood density, specifically maximum latewood density (MXD), provides a temperature proxy that is superior to that of tree-ring widths. The high cost of developing MXD has led to experimentation with a less expensive method using optical flatbed scanners to produce a new proxy, herein referred t…
Temperature variability in the Iberian Range since 1602 inferred from tree-ring records
2017
Abstract. Tree rings are an important proxy to understand the natural drivers of climate variability in the Mediterranean Basin and hence to improve future climate scenarios in a vulnerable region. Here, we compile 316 tree-ring width series from 11 conifer sites in the western Iberian Range. We apply a new standardization method based on the trunk basal area instead of the tree cambial age to develop a regional chronology which preserves high- to low-frequency variability. A new reconstruction for the 1602–2012 period correlates at −0.78 with observational September temperatures with a cumulative mean of the 21 previous months over the 1945–2012 calibration period. The new IR2Tmax reconstr…
Bunker Cave stalagmites: an archive for central European Holocene climate variability
2012
Holocene climate was characterised by variability on multi-centennial to multi-decadal time scales. In central Europe, these fluctuations were most pronounced during winter. Here we present a record of past winter climate variability for the last 10.8 ka based on four speleothems from Bunker Cave, western Germany. Due to its central European location, the cave site is particularly well suited to record changes in precipitation and temperature in response to changes in the North Atlantic realm. We present high-resolution records of &delta;<sup>18</sup>O, &delta;<sup>13</sup>C values and Mg/Ca ratios. Changes in the Mg/Ca ratio are attributed to past meteoric p…
Recent climate change affecting rainstorm occurrences? A case study in East China
2008
The paper aims to investigate the occurrences of rainstorms and their relationship with the climate change scenario. The study period under investigation refers to the period of greatest recent warming between 1976–2000 whereas the study area covers China east of 105 E longitude. This region is commonly considered to be controlled by the monsoon type of climate over East Asia. <br><br> Positive (increasing) trends of rainstorm occurrences, both in annual and summer respects, have been shown for subtropical China whereas a non-uniform picture is associated with temperate China. The increase of rainstorms in subtropical China corresponds with an increasing trend of precipitation. …