Search results for " Radiation."

Minor changes in the macrocyclic ligands but major consequences on the efficiency of gold nanoparticles designed for radiosensitization

2016

International audience; Many studies have been devoted to adapting the design of gold nanoparticles to efficiently exploit their promising capability to enhance the effects of radiotherapy. In particular, the addition of magnetic resonance imaging modality constitutes an attractive strategy for enhancing the selectivity of radiotherapy since it allows the determination of the most suited delay between the injection of nanoparticles and irradiation. This requires the functionalization of the gold core by an organic shell composed of thiolated gadolinium chelates. The risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis induced by the release of gadolinium ions should encourage the use of macrocyclic chelat…

Surface soil moisture retrieval using L-band SMAP SAR data and its validation

2016

Surface soil moisture was retrieved globally by systematically correcting for the effects of vegetation and soil surface roughness. The retrieval is enabled by employing physical-models of radar forward scattering for individual vegetation types to account for vegetation scattering and absorption, and by constraining the surface roughness effect using time-series observations. The L-band SMAP multi-polarized (HH/VV/HV) σ° data acquired globally every three days were used from mid-April to early July, 2015. Assessment was conducted over 13 rigorously-chosen core validation sites covering a wide range of biomass types, biomass amount, and soil conditions. The soil moisture retrieval reached a…

Monitoring barley and corn growth from remote sensing data at field scale

2004

Vegetation indices have been used for operational quantitative monitoring of vegetation. Here, corn and barley cultures have been used to relate meaningful biophysical parameters such as dry biomass and Crop Growth Rate (CGR) to the well-established Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). We explain these relationships by means of the use of the Light Use Efficiency (LUE) models, based on the positive relation between primary production and Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (APAR). In these models we introduce NDVI as a linear estimator of f APAR. Experimental data over corn and barley show that dry biomass is linearly related to the Time-Integrated Value of the NDVI (TIND…

PROPHYLACTIC BLADDER INSTILLATIONS WITH IALURIL (R) MAY REDUCE SYMPTOMS OF ACUTE RADIATION CYSTITIS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RADIOTHERAPY FOR PELVIC TU…

2012

Introduction: Acute radiation cystitis (RC) is a common and debilitating problem in patients undergoing radiotherapy for urogenital malignancies. Acute RC symptoms include painful micturition, urgency, frequency, and nicturia We studied the feasibility and efficacy of intravesical instillations with Ialuril® (sodium hyaluronate and chondroitin sulfate sterile solution) to reduce acute radiation cystitis in men and women undergoing pelvic radiotherapy. Materials and Methods: The single-arm study was performed between September 2010 and June 2011 and included 15 patients who met the following criteria: primary or adjuvant radiotherapy for pelvic cancer. Exclusion criteria were: bladder cancer…

Properties of erythrocyte light refraction in diabetic patients.

2001

Since hyperglycaemia changes the erythrocyte cell membrane fluidity and impairs cell deformity, our goal was to characterize hemoglobin and red blood cell (RBC) light refractive property changes in diabetic patients. Microscopic investigation was carried out on intact and fixed RBCs. To determine the refractive index (RI): smears of peripheral blood were air dried and fixed for 3 min in methanol. Mixtures of polyvinylpyrolidine and buffer of different pH (1:1) were used as embedding media. Intact RBCs were mixed with a buffered embedding medium, placed on a slide and overlaid with a coverslip. Interference microscopy was used for RI measurements at 18 different pH (pH=2-13). The results sho…

An Anthropometric Analysis of Seated and Standing People

2012

Thermal radiative exchanges of the human body with surrounding surfaces play an essential role in describing the thermal conditions of people in a given environment. Moreover, they could be induced by, among other causes, the presence of high intensity radiant sources, like lighting spots or infrared heating panels. This implies that a suitable set of radiation data related to human body anthropometry is required. This set of data mainly comprises the body surface area, the clothing area factor, the effective radiation area factor, and projected area factors. Several analytical or experimental methods may be utilized in order to compute these parameters. A detailed description of the most c…

Dipole moments of aminophthalimides determined by modified electro-optical absorption and emission measurements

1995

Modified electro-optical absorption and emission methods were used to measure the electric dipole moments of five aminophthalimides in their ground and excited states. The equilibrated ground and excited state dipole moments measured by these methods are in reasonable agreement with those derived from other measurement techniques, confirming the general validity of these methods. A difference is observed between the properties of 3-aminophthalimide (3AP) and 4-amino-N-methylphthalimide (4ANMP) in different solvents. The equilibrated dipole moment of 3AP in its excited state is practically independent of the solvent polarity in contrast with 4ANMP. The possible mechanism of this effect is di…

High-pressure x-ray absorption study of GaTe including polarization

2000

The evolution of the local structure in GaTe under pressure is studied by x-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments at the Ga K-edge (10.368 keV) on oriented single crystals. Taking advantage of the linearly polarized character of synchrotron radiation, the pressure evolution of both the Ga-Te and the in-plane Ga-Ga bond lengths could be determined, in spite of the small amplitude of the latter. Our measurements show that both distances are much less compressible than what could be inferred from the bulk compressibility, which evidences a strong variation of Ga-Ga-Te and Te-Ga-Te angles under pressure. The Te-Te intralayer distance perpendicular to the layers is observed to increase with in…

Cell, molecular and inflammatory breast cancer response to IntraOperative Electron Radiation Therapy (IOERT)

2016

Evidence for long-lived, optically generated quenchers of excitons in single-walled carbon nanotubes.

2011

The nonlinear dependence of near-infrared photoluminescence (PL) emission on excitation intensity has been measured for individual nanotubes representing six different (n,m) species. Significant deviations from linearity are observed for intensities as low as ~100 W/cm(2), and an approximate inverse correlation is found between nonlinearity and PL action cross section (brightness). A model in which all PL nonlinearity arises from exciton-exciton annihilation is insufficient to account for the experimental data using realistic parameters. It is proposed that additional nonlinear quenching arises from photoinduced quenching states or species with longer lifetimes than emissive excitons. Evide…