Search results for " Rats"

showing 10 items of 110 documents

Metabolomics of the aqueous humor in the rat glaucoma model induced by a series of intracamerular sodium hyaluronate injection

2015

Glaucoma models are helpful to study disease characteristics and to design new therapeutic options. Metabolomic profiling approach have been used to elucidating the molecular characteristics of the aqueous humor. Juvenile male Wistar rats experimental (n = 15) and controls (n = 6) were used for these studies. Experimental rats received weekly intracamerular injection of 25 µl of sodium hyaluronate in the left eye and sterile saline solution in the right eye, consecutively for ten weeks. Rats were subjected to anterior/posterior eye segment examinations, intraocular pressure (IOP), and flash electroretinograms (ERG). The aqueous humor was collected at endpoints and analyzed by Nuclear Magnet…

MalePosterior Eye Segmentmedicine.medical_specialtyIntraocular pressureMagnetic Resonance Spectroscopygenetic structuresSodium hyaluronateCarbohydratesGlaucomaAqueous humorAqueous humor Glaucoma model Metabolomics Nuclear magnetic resonance Rats Sodium hyaluronateInjectionsAqueous HumorPathogenesisCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundMetabolomicsAnterior Eye SegmentOphthalmologyElectroretinographymedicineAnimalsMetabolomicsAmino AcidsHyaluronic AcidRats WistarIntraocular PressureGlaucomamedicine.diseaseLipidseye diseasesSensory SystemsRatsSurgeryDisease Models AnimalOphthalmologychemistrysense organsErgFollow-Up StudiesExperimental Eye Research
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Repeated intraocular pressure measurement in awake Lewis rats does not bias retinal ganglion cell survival.

2010

The TonoPen applanation tonometry is an established method for intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement. The IOP is one of the main variables affecting retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss in experimental animal models in ophthalmology and the main risk factor for human glaucoma. In this study, we examined if IOP measurements with the TonoPen itself lead to retinal ganglion cell loss or any other possible retina damages, such as intraocular bleedings or ablation, in Lewis rats.Three groups of rats (n = 5 each) were formed. IOP monitoring, using a TonoPen XL, was performed on groups 1 and 3. Animals in groups 1 and 2 received funduscopies before and after one and two weeks of the study, in order t…

MaleRetinal Ganglion CellsIntraocular pressuremedicine.medical_specialtygenetic structuresCell SurvivalGlaucomaCell CountFundus (eye)Cellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundTonometry OcularOphthalmologymedicineLewis ratsAnimalsIntraocular PressureRetinabusiness.industryRetinalmedicine.diseaseeye diseasesSensory SystemsGanglionRatsOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureRetinal ganglion cellchemistryRats Inbred Lewsense organsbusinessCurrent eye research
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Oral homeostasis disruption by medical plasticizer component bisphenol A in adult male rats.

2013

Objectives/Hypothesis Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic estrogen-like chemical mimetic widely used in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins found in numerous consumer products including food packaging, medical devices, and dental sealants. Because it is recovered in fluids and it can reach high levels in saliva, this study aimed to evaluate its safety on oral homeostasis by examining its effects on salivary glands, mouth epithelium, water consumption, and salt preference, each parameter being estrogen sensitive. Study Design Randomized controlled trial involving rats. Methods A dose-response study was conducted in adult Wistar rats randomized into five groups (n = 12). B…

MaleSalivaBisphenol A[ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionMESH : Dose-Response Relationship DrugMESH : DrinkingMESH: PlasticizersMESH: MouthSalivary GlandsThirstMESH: Dose-Response Relationship Drugchemistry.chemical_compoundMESH: Estrogens Non-SteroidalMESH: PhenolsPlasticizersMESH : MouthHomeostasisMESH: Animalssalt preferencemouth drynessSalivary glandMESH : RatsDose–response relationshipmedicine.anatomical_structureMESH : Salivary Glandsendocrine disruptorsthirstMESH: HomeostasisMESH : Homeostasismedicine.symptomMESH : Estrogens Non-SteroidalMESH: DrinkingMESH : Phenolsmedicine.medical_specialtyMESH: Salivary GlandsMESH: Ratsmedicine.drug_classMESH : MaleDrinkingsalivary glandstomatognathic systemPhenolsInternal medicinemedicineMESH: Benzhydryl CompoundsAnimalsMESH: SalivaEstrogens Non-SteroidalBenzhydryl CompoundsSalivaMouthMESH : Benzhydryl CompoundsDose-Response Relationship Drugbusiness.industryBuccal administrationMESH : Disease Models AnimalMESH: MaleRatsDisease Models AnimalEndocrinologyOtorhinolaryngologychemistryEstrogenMESH : PlasticizersMESH : AnimalsMESH : SalivaMESH: Disease Models Animalbusiness[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionHomeostasisThe Laryngoscope
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The impact of chronic daily nicotine exposure and its overnight withdrawal on the structure of anxiety-related behaviors in rats: Role of the lateral…

2021

Tobacco smoking is a serious health problem worldwide and a leading cause of mortality. Nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco, affects a range of emotional responses, including anxiety-related behaviors. Although perceived by smokers to be anxiolytic, evidence suggests that smoking increases anxiety and that mood fluctuates with nicotine intake. Thus, nicotine addiction may depend on easing the psychobiological distress caused by its abuse. The lateral habenula (LHb) has been implicated as a neural substrate for acute nicotine-induced anxiety, but its role in anxiety-like behaviors associated with chronic nicotine exposure has not been explored. Here, we assessed the effect of chroni…

MaleSerotoninNicotinemedicine.drug_classmedia_common.quotation_subjectmedicine.medical_treatmentPhysiologyAnxietyT-pattern analysisSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaAnxiolyticNicotineRats Sprague-Dawley03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineBehavior; Rats; Serotonin; T-pattern analysis; Withdrawal symptomsmedicineAnimalsBiological Psychiatrymedia_commonPharmacologyNeuronsBehaviorHabenulaWithdrawal symptombusiness.industryAddictionT-pattern analysimedicine.disease030227 psychiatryRatsSubstance Withdrawal SyndromeNicotine withdrawalMoodAnxiogenicExploratory BehaviorRatSmoking cessationAnxietyWithdrawal symptomsmedicine.symptombusinessmedicine.drugProgress in neuro-psychopharmacologybiological psychiatry
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Transcriptional profiling of rat white adipose tissue response to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ-dioxin

2015

Polychlorinated dibenzodioxins are environmental contaminants commonly produced as a by-product of industrial processes. The most potent of these, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-rho-dioxin (TCDD), is highly lipophilic, leading to bioaccumulation. White adipose tissue (WAT) is a major site for energy storage, and is one of the organs in which TCDD accumulates. In laboratory animals, exposure to TCDD causes numerous metabolic abnormalities, including a wasting syndrome. We therefore investigated the molecular effects of TCDD exposure on WAT by profiling the transcriptomic response of WAT to 100 mu g/kg of TCDD at 1 or 4 days in TCDD-sensitive Long-Evans (Turku/AB; L-E) rats. A comparative analysi…

MaleTCDDPolychlorinated DibenzodioxinsTime FactorsTranscription GeneticPolychlorinated dibenzodioxinsAHRAH GENE BATTERYAdipose tissueWhite adipose tissueRESISTANT413 Veterinary scienceToxicologyfeed restrictionTranscriptomechemistry.chemical_compoundGene Regulatory Networksheterocyclic compoundsreproductive and urinary physiologyta317biology3. Good healthPROBE LEVELLUNG-CANCER CELLSToxicityEnvironmental PollutantsMESSENGER-RNAARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTORSTRAINmedicine.medical_specialtyAdipose Tissue WhiteWEIGHT-LOSSta3111Immune systemSpecies Specificitytranscriptomic profilingwhite adipose tissueInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsHumansRats Long-EvansRats WistarCaloric RestrictionPharmacologyGene Expression Profilingta1184Lipid metabolismAryl hydrocarbon receptorstomatognathic diseasesEndocrinologyGene Expression RegulationchemistryDIOXIN-TREATED RATSbiology.proteinToxicology and Applied Pharmacology
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Kinetics of echinostoma caproni (trematoda: echinostomatidae) antigens in feces and serum of experimentally infected hamsters and rats

2004

This study reports on the kinetics of antibody production to Echinostoma caproni and the dynamics of antigens in feces and sera in 2 experimental hosts (hamsters and rats) that display different degrees of susceptibility with this echinostome. Echinostoma caproniproduced chronic infections in hamsters, whereas rats lost the infection at 49-56 days postinfection (DPI). Hamsters developed higher antibody responses than rats, probably in relation to different intestinal absorptions of worm antigens in each host species. The levels of coproantigens were indicative of the course of infection in each host. Positive coproantigen levels were detected at 1-2 DPI in both hosts, and the values remaine…

MaleTime FactorsAntibodies HelminthHamsterEchinostoma caproniEnzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA [UNESCO]MicrobiologyEchinostomatidaeFecesAntigenCricetinaeEchinostomaUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDAAnimalsParasite hostingAntigensRats WistarEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsFecesEchinostomiasisMesocricetusbiology:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Biología animal (Zoología) ::Parasitología animal [UNESCO]Tissue migrationbiology.organism_classificationRatsEchinostoma caproni ; Antigens ; Hamsters ; RatsKineticsUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Biología animal (Zoología) ::Parasitología animalAntigens HelminthImmunologyHamstersParasitologyTrematodaEchinostoma
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Neuroprotection by erythropoietin administration after experimental traumatic brain injury.

2007

A large body of evidence indicates that the hormone erythropoietin (EPO) exerts beneficial effects in the central nervous system (CNS). To date, EPO's effect has been assessed in several experimental models of brain and spinal cord injury. This study was conducted to validate whether treatment with recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO) would limit the extent of injury following experimental TBI. Experimental TBI was induced in rats by a cryogenic injury model. rHuEPO or placebo was injected intraperitoneally immediately after the injury and then every 8 h until 2 or 14 days. Forty-eight hours after injury brain water content, an indicator of brain edema, was measured with the wet-dry method and bl…

MaleTime FactorsBrain EdemaFunctional LateralityRats Sprague-Dawleychemistry.chemical_compoundTraumatic brain injuryMedicineAnalysis of Variance Animals Blood-Brain Barrier; drug effects Brain Edema; drug therapy/etiology Brain Infarction; drug therapy/etiology Brain Injuries; complications/drug therapy Disease Models; Animal Erythropoietin; administration /&/ dosage Evans Blue; diagnostic use Functional Laterality Humans Male Neurologic Examination Neuroprotective Agents; administration /&/ dosage Rats Rats; Sprague-Dawley Reaction Time; drug effects Recombinant Proteins Time Factorsadministration /&/ dosageSpinal cord injuryEvans BlueNeurologic ExaminationGeneral Neuroscienceexperimental models of brain and spinal cord injuryExtravasationNeuroprotectionRecombinant Proteinsmedicine.anatomical_structureNeuroprotective AgentsBlood-Brain BarrierAnesthesiadiagnostic usemedicine.drugEvans BlueBrain InfarctionTraumatic brain injuryCentral nervous systemrecombinant human EPO (rHuEPO)PlaceboNeuroprotectionReaction TimeAnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyErythropoietinAnalysis of VarianceNeuroscience (all)business.industryAnimaldrug therapy/etiologymedicine.diseaseRatsDisease Models AnimalchemistryErythropoietindrug effectsBrain InjuriesDisease Modelsrecombinant human EPO (rHuEPO); experimental models of brain and spinal cord injury; NeuroprotectionNeurology (clinical)Sprague-Dawleybusinesscomplications/drug therapyDevelopmental BiologyBrain research
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Neuroprotective potential of erythropoietin and darbepoetin alfa in an experimental model of sciatic nerve injury. Laboratory investigation.

2007

Object The objectives of this study were to examine whether the systemic administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and its long-lasting derivative darbepoetin alfa expedited functional recovery in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury, and to compare the effects of these agents in the model. Methods Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats received a crush injury to the left sciatic nerve and subsequently underwent either placebo treatment, daily injections of rHuEPO, or weekly injections of darbepoetin alfa. Results Both rHuEPO and darbepoetin alfa were effective in reducing neurological impairment and improving compound muscle action potentials following nerve injury. Darbepoetin …

MaleTime FactorsDarbepoetin alfaNerve CrushAction PotentialsPlaceboDrug Administration ScheduleRats Sprague-Dawleyadministration /&/ dosage/pharmacologymedicineAnimalsHumansDarbepoetin alfaMuscle SkeletalErythropoietinERYTHROPOIETINdrug effects/injuries/physiopathologySettore MED/27 - Neurochirurgiabusiness.industryAction Potentials; drug effects Animals Drug Administration Schedule Erythropoietin; administration /&/ dosage/analogs /&/ derivatives/pharmacology Humans Male Muscle; Skeletal; physiopathology Nerve Crush Neuroprotective Agents; administration /&/ dosage/pharmacology Rats Rats; Sprague-Dawley Recombinant Proteins Recovery of Function; drug effects Sciatic Nerve; drug effects/injuries/physiopathology Time FactorsGeneral MedicineSkeletalRecovery of FunctionNerve injurySciatic nerve injurymedicine.diseaseadministration /&/ dosage/analogs /&/ derivatives/pharmacologySciatic NerveNeuroprotectionRecombinant ProteinsRatsNeuroprotective AgentsNeurologyErythropoietinPeripheral nerve injuryAnesthesiadrug effectsPeripheral nerve injuryCrush injuryMuscleSurgeryNeurology (clinical)Sciatic nerveSprague-Dawleymedicine.symptomphysiopathologybusinessmedicine.drug
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A QUANTITATIVE APPROACH TO THE EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION SUCCESS OF ECHINOSTOMA FRIEDI (TREMATODA: ECHINOSTOMATIDAE) IN RATS

2006

Using a range of parameters, the ability of rats (Rattus norvegicus) to successfully transmit Echinostoma friedi to the next host was examined under experimental conditions. The concept of Experimental Transmission Success (TM), defined as the number of hosts that become successfully infected after exposure to a number of infective stages produced by a previous host per unit of inoculation at which this latter host was exposed, was introduced. Using data for the egg output and miracidium hatching and infectivity, the TM permits us to estimate the ability of a particular defintive host species to successfully transmit a parasite species. This concept may be also useful to compare the transmi…

MaleTime FactorsZoology:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA [UNESCO]Echinostomatidaelaw.inventionRodent DiseasesInoculationlawCricetinaeEchinostomaUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDAAnimalsParasite hostingRats WistarParasite Egg CountEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsLymnaeaOvumInfectivityEchinostomiasisMesocricetusbiologyHost (biology)EcologyHatchingHost:CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Biología animal (Zoología) ::Parasitología animal [UNESCO]biology.organism_classificationRatsUNESCO::CIENCIAS DE LA VIDA::Biología animal (Zoología) ::Parasitología animalTransmission (mechanics)Echinostoma ; Rats ; Inoculation ; HostEvaluation Studies as TopicParasitologyEchinostomaTrematodaJournal of Parasitology
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Acute inactivation of the medial forebrain bundle imposes oscillations in the SNr: a challenge for the 6-OHDA model?

2010

It has been recently shown that the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-lesioned rats, under urethane anaesthesia, manifests a prominent low frequency oscillation (LFO) of around 1Hz, synchronized with cortical slow wave activity (SWA). Nevertheless, it is poorly understood whether these electrophysiological alterations are correlated only with severe dopamine depletion or may also play a relevant pathogenetic role in the early stages of the dopamine denervation. Hence, here we recorded SNr single units and electrocorticogram (ECoG) in two models of dopamine denervation: (i) acute dopamine denervated rats, obtained by injection of tetrodotoxin (TTX), (ii) ch…

MaleTyrosine 3-Monooxygenasebasal ganglia oscillationsDopamineParkinson's diseaseWistarAction PotentialsParkinson's disease; Low frequency oscillation basal ganglia oscillations; Medial forebrain bundle; Tetrodotoxin; ElectrocorticogramTetrodotoxinSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaParkinson's disease; low frequency oscillation; basal ganglia oscillations; medial forebrain bundle; Tetrodotoxin; electrocorticogramStatistics NonparametricAnimals; Analysis of Variance; Action Potentials; Electrophysiology; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; Cerebral Cortex; Rats; Biological Clocks; Dopamine; Neurons; Rats Wistar; Substantia Nigra; Immunohistochemistry; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Statistics Nonparametric; MaleMedial forebrain bundlechemistry.chemical_compoundDevelopmental NeuroscienceBiological ClocksDopamineBasal gangliamedicineAnimalsNonparametricRats WistarMedial forebrain bundleElectrocorticographyCerebral CortexNeuronsDenervationAnalysis of Variancemedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryStatisticsLow frequency oscillation basal ganglia oscillationElectrocorticogramImmunohistochemistryRatsCortex (botany)ElectrophysiologySubstantia NigraElectrophysiologynervous systemNeurologylow frequency oscillationTetrodotoxinSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaNeurosciencemedicine.drug
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