Search results for " Rearrangement"

showing 10 items of 272 documents

Isomer Distribution and Interconversion in Cationic Allylpalladium(II) Complexes with 2-(Iminomethyl)pyridine Ligands

1997

The complexes [Pd(η3-allyl)(N-N‘)]ClO4 [allyl = 2-butenyl or 3-methyl-2-butenyl, N-N‘ = C5H3(6-R)N-2-CHNR‘ (R = H, R‘ = Me, CMe3, C6H4OMe-4; R = Me, R‘ = C6H4OMe-4) and C5H4N-2-CH2NMe2] are present in solution with different isomers, the structures of which may be assigned by an 1H NMR criterion based on chemical shift changes of the pyridine H(6) and/or of the allylic methyl protons, as confirmed also by 2D 1H NMR spectra. The isomer distribution depends mainly on the steric requirements of both the allyl and N-N‘ ligands:  for [Pd(η3-3-methyl-2-butenyl)(N-N‘)]ClO4 the predominant isomer (ca. 100%) has a structure with the allylic methyl groups cis to the coordinated pyridine nitrogen when…

Steric effectsAllylic rearrangementChlorinated solventsLigandStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryCationic polymerizationPyridine ligandInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPyridineProton NMRPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryOrganometallics
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Rearrangement products of 3-methanesulfonyl-N-methyl-N-nitroaniline.

2003

Two isomeric products (C 8 H 10 N 2 O 4 S) of the rearrangement of 3-methanesulfonyl-N-methyl-N-nitroaniline have been investigated, viz. 3-methanesulfonyl-N-methyl-2-nitroaniline, which was the main product of the rearrangement, and 5-methanesulfonyl-N-methyl-2-nitroaniline. In both molecules, the aromatic rings are appreciably deformed towards ortho-quinonoidal geometry by electronic and steric interactions. The crystal structure is stabilized, in both cases, by weak C-H...O hydrogen bonds.

Steric effectsChemistryStereochemistryHydrogen bondMoleculeAromaticityGeneral MedicineCrystal structureSigmatropic reactionMedicinal chemistryGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyNitroanilineCope rearrangementActa crystallographica. Section C, Crystal structure communications
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Azoxybenzene rearrangement catalyzed by solid acids

2008

Abstract For the first time, the potential of acidic cation-exchange resin (sulfonated polystyrene) to catalyze the Wallach rearrangement of azoxybenzene into 4-hydroxyazobenzene has been proved. This finding reveals an alternative reaction path possible in a heterogeneous process using solid acids and may help to clear some doubts concerning the rearrangement mechanism postulated so far. The resin-induced reaction was found to proceed exclusively in a non-polar medium. Reasonable yield was obtained particularly in isooctane due to favorable distribution of azoxybenzene throughout the resin's matrix. On the contrary, the HY type zeolite did not activate the rearrangement, most probably beca…

Steric effectsHeterogeneous catalysisZeoliteAzo compoundProcess Chemistry and TechnologyDFT calculationsWallach rearrangementHeterogeneous catalysisCatalysisCatalysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistryYield (chemistry)Azoxybenzene rearrangementPolymer chemistryPolystyrenePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryZeoliteSulfonated polystyrene resinJournal of Molecular Catalysis A: Chemical
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Benzyl ions from 1,1-(2,2′-dimethoxyphenyl)-substituted 2-methylpropanes under electron ionization

2006

The electron ionization (EI)-induced fragmentations of a series of 1,1-(2,2'-dimethoxyphenyl)-substituted 2-methylpropanes (1-20) in both 70 eV and mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy (MIKE) spectra have been investigated. The EI-MS spectra of these compounds are characterized by the presence of abundant benzyl ions. These ions result from competitive hydrogen migration from the 2- and 2'-methoxy groups on the carbenium center of the diphenylmethyl cations formed by benzylic cleavage of the molecular ions. The relative abundances of the benzyl ions arising from such competitive processes are discussed and rationalized. The steric effect of the 3- or 3'-substituents is the main discriminating f…

Steric effectsSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationHydrogenStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementKinetic energyMedicinal chemistrySpectral lineAnalytical ChemistryIonPropaneBenzyl CompoundsSpectroscopyElectron ionizationCARBON DOUBLE REARRANGEMENTMASS-SPECTRAHydrocarbons HalogenatedOrganic ChemistryCleavage (crystal)HYDROGEN-CARBONDIMETHOXY AROMATIC-COMPOUNDSSPECTROMETRYchemistryALKYLBENZENESSUBSTITUTED DIPHENYLMETHYL CATIONSHydrogenRapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry
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Mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles in zwitterionic micelles of amine oxide surfactants.

2012

Abstract Rate constants for the mononuclear rearrangement (MRH) of Z -phenylhydrazones of some 5-substituted-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles in water have been measured in the presence of zwitterionic micelles. The use of micellized N -tetradecyl- N , N -dimethylamineoxide (C 14 DMAO) as the reaction medium allowed to solubilize the otherwise water-insoluble oxadiazoles. Micellar rate effects were analyzed by using a simple pseudo-phase model and compared with those obtained in non-ionic micelles (Triton X-100). Evidence that both the rate of the rearrangement reaction and the binding of the substrates to the micelles are mainly governed by substrate hydrophobicity is obtained. The disagreement…

Steric effectsSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationN-tetradecyl-NOctoxynolPhotochemistryMicelleMononuclear rearrangements of heterocycles (MHRs)Biomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundSurface-Active AgentsColloid and Surface ChemistryReaction rate constantMicellar catalysiN-tetradecyl-NN-dimethylamineoxidePolymer chemistryRearrangement reactionzwitterionic micelleMicellesOxadiazolesHydrazonesSubstrate (chemistry)WaterSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmine oxideKineticschemistrySolubilitySolubilizationN-dimethylamineoxideThermodynamicsHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsMyristic AcidsDimethylaminesJournal of colloid and interface science
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Acid- and Base-Catalysis in the Mononuclear Rearrangement of Some (Z)-arylhydrazones of 5-Amino-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole in Toluene: Effect of Subs…

2011

The reaction rates for the rearrangement of eleven (Z)-arylhydrazones of 5-amino-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole 3a-k into the relevant (2-aryl-5-phenyl-2H-1, 2,3-triazol-4-yl)ureas 4a-k in the presence of trichloroacetic acid or of piperidine have been determined in toluene at 313.1 K. The results have been related to the effect of the aryl substituent by using Hammett and/or Ingold-Yukawa-Tsuno correlations and have been compared with those previously collected in a protic polar solvent (dioxane/water) as well as with those on the analogous rearrangement of the corresponding (Z)-arylhydrazones of 3-benzoyl-5-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole 1a-k in benzene. Some light can thus be shed on the general di…

SubstituentOxadiazoleAlkaliesMedicinal chemistryCatalysisDioxanesStructure-Activity RelationshipAcid catalysischemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesUreaOrganic chemistryAminesTrichloroacetic AcidBenzeneBiological ProductsOxadiazolesMolecular StructureArylMRH acid- and base-catalysis kinetic measurementsOrganic ChemistryHydrazonesTemperatureWaterSettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaTolueneSolventKineticschemistryMononuclear rearrangements of heterocycles; (Z)-Arylhydrazones; acid catalysis; base catalysis.PiperidineHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsToluene
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Use of a bulky phosphine of weak σ-donicity with palladium as a versatile and highly-active catalytic system: allylation and arylation coupling react…

2005

Abstract Carbon–carbon(sp2–sp2 and sp1–sp2) and carbon–nitrogen (nucleophilic allylation) coupling processes are promoted by a catalytic system containing [PdCl(η3–C3H5)]2 with the new ferrocenyl bis(difurylphosphine) 1,1′-bis[di(5-methyl-2-furyl)phosphino]ferrocene, Fc[P(FuMe)2]2. Starting from aryl bromides or allylic acetates this versatile catalyst system may be used at low palladium loadings (10−1–10−4 mol%) in some Heck, Suzuki, Sonogashira and allylic amination reactions to give cross-coupled products in excellent yield. Remarkably high activity is obtained in allylic substitution reactions, providing a significant impetus for the development of bulky phosphines possessing weak σ-don…

Substitution reactionAllylic rearrangementChemistryOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSonogashira couplingBiochemistryMedicinal chemistryCoupling reactionCatalysisNucleophileDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryAminationPalladiumTetrahedron
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N1-Functionalized Indole-Phosphane Oxazoline (IndPHOX) Ligands in Asymmetric Allylic Substitution Reactions

2012

N-Functionalized IndPHOX ligands bearing various groups have been synthesized and the effects of the N1-substituent on the reaction rate, yield, and asymmetric induction in a palladium-catalyzed allylic substitution reaction are reported. The presence of an oxygen atom in the ligands, namely an N-MOM or N-THP group, led to enhancement of the enantioselectivity in the allylic amination reaction. In addition, a ligand with a chiral oxazoline ring at C-1 and a phosphane substituent at C-2 provided high enantioselectivity in good yield in an asymmetric allylic alkylation reaction.

Substitution reactionAllylic rearrangementChemistryorganic chemicalsOrganic ChemistrySubstituentfood and beveragesOxazolineAlkylationAsymmetric inductionMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundTsuji–Trost reactionPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryta116AminationEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry
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ChemInform Abstract: N1-Functionalized Indole-Phosphane Oxazoline (IndPHOX) Ligands in Asymmetric Allylic Substitution Reactions.

2012

N-Functionalized IndPHOX ligands bearing various groups have been synthesized and the effects of the N1-substituent on the reaction rate, yield, and asymmetric induction in a palladium-catalyzed allylic substitution reaction are reported. The presence of an oxygen atom in the ligands, namely an N-MOM or N-THP group, led to enhancement of the enantioselectivity in the allylic amination reaction. In addition, a ligand with a chiral oxazoline ring at C-1 and a phosphane substituent at C-2 provided high enantioselectivity in good yield in an asymmetric allylic alkylation reaction.

Substitution reactionAllylic rearrangementStereochemistryLigandorganic chemicalsSubstituentfood and beveragesGeneral MedicineOxazolineAsymmetric inductionchemistry.chemical_compoundTsuji–Trost reactionchemistryAminationChemInform
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On the Reaction of 3-Bromo-2-nitrobenzo[b]thiophene 13C-Labeled at C-2 with 3-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline:  A Preliminary Insight into a Nucleophilic Su…

1997

The results of the title reaction have furnished proofs against a rearrangement of the carbon-atom skeleton and for a nitro group shift in the relevant nucleophilic substitution.

Substitution reactionTrifluoromethylStereochemistryKornblum–DeLaMare rearrangementfungiOrganic Chemistrybehavioral disciplines and activitiesbody regionschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryNucleophilic aromatic substitutionparasitic diseasesNitroNucleophilic substitutionThiopheneAcid hydrolysisThe Journal of Organic Chemistry
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