Search results for " Reciprocity"

Assortment, but not knowledge of assortment, affects cooperation and individual success in human groups

2017

The success or failure of human collective action often depends on the cooperation tendencies of individuals in groups, and on the information that individuals have about each other's cooperativeness. However, it is unclear whether these two factors have an interactive effect on cooperation dynamics. Using a decision-making experiment, we confirm that groups comprising individuals with higher cooperation tendencies cooperate at a higher level than groups comprising individuals with low cooperation tendencies. Moreover, assorting individuals with similar cooperation tendency together affected behaviour so that the most cooperative individuals tended to cooperate more and the least cooperativ…

Gérer la haine, fabriquer l’ennemi. Grecs et Carthaginois en Sicile entre les Ve et IVe siècles av. J.-C.

2012

Managing hate, creating the enemy. Greeks and Carthaginians in Sicily between the Vth and IVth century B. C. This paper’s aim is to consider the historiographic perception of the Carthaginians as the typical and utmost enemy of the Greeks in Sicily, between the end of the Vth and the beginning of the IVth century B. C. The focus is put on the ways the enemy is fabricated and hate managed, through the peculiar part given the Carthaginians by Diodorus in the sieges of Selinous and Motya. In these narratives, the role of hate is fundamental to define the relationship between cultural identity and alterity and between reciprocity and asymmetry.

Reciprocity, matching and conditional cooperation in two public goods games

2005

Previous experimental and empirical evidence has identified social preferences in the voluntary provision of public goods. A number of competing models of such preferences have been proposed. We provide evidence for one model of behavior in these games, reciprocity (or matching, or conditional cooperation). Consistent with previous research, we find that participants in the voluntary contribution mechanism attempt to match the contributions of others in their group. We also examine participants in a related game with different equilibria, the weakest-link mechanism. Here, in contrast, participants contribute so as to match the minimum contribution of others in their group.

Magneto-electric laminates free vibration characterization by dual reciprocity BEM

2010

Contentio honestissima e certamen nequitiae nelle opere di Seneca

2017

Nel De beneficiis (I 4.3-4; III 21-22; V. 1-5), Seneca si serve del motivo della contentio per rappresentare il meccanismo virtuoso che suggerisce di impiegare nella prassi dei benefici, in cui la sconfitta non è mai considerata vergognosa. Come mostrano i più recenti studi sul trattato (in particolare, i contributi a cura di G. Picone, R. R. Marchese e R. Raccanelli), questo modulo non vanifica le diseguaglianze sociali delle relazioni asimmetriche, ma offre un modello di comportamento positivo consistente in una forma di alternanza virtuosa. Così, alla luce degli studi antropologici sul dono e sulla reciprocità nella società romana, il contributo si propone di mettere a confronto la dinam…