Search results for " Reform"
showing 10 items of 426 documents
Tax Liability and Tax Evasion in a Competitive Labor Market
2005
In a competitive labor market, a change in the legal incidence of a tax on labor will not alter employment if tax obligations are fulfilled. However, this irrelevance result may no longer apply if taxes can be evaded. In particular, a shift from payroll to income taxes will lower employment. This will be the case if workers exhibit constant absolute risk aversion, have a utility function, which is strongly separable in income and the disutility from working, and the penalty for evasion is not proportional to the amount of taxes evaded. Accordingly, tax evasion opportunities can make the legal incidence of a tax on labor an important determinant of its economic incidence.
Labor and product market reforms and external Imbalances: Evidence from advanced economies
2021
We explore the impact of major labor and product market reforms on current account dynamics using a new “narrative” database of major changes in employment protection for regular workers and product market regulation for non-manufacturing industries covering 26 advanced economies over the past four decades. Our main finding is that product market deregulation is associated with a weakening of the current account, while labor market deregulation is associated with an improvement. These effects are transitory and driven by both saving and investment responses. Labor and product market reforms both have a more positive impact on the current account balance when implemented under weak macroecon…
Spanish‐Moroccan Economic Relations
1997
The prospects for an effective Euro‐Mediterranean Partnership depend in part on some key bilateral relationships, one of which is the subject of this study. Spanish‐Moroccan relations constitute an important example of North‐South relations in the Mediterranean, although naturally some of their features are specific to the countries involved. While economic relations between Spain and Morocco are competitive in certain areas, the broader picture is of complementary interests which are likely to grow as the development of these countries intensifies. A programme of economic reform since the 1980s has prepared Morocco for greater development cooperation with Spain and the EU, but the economy …
Los oficiales y subalternos de la Real Audiencia de Mallorca (1716-1808)
2019
The objective of this work is to know the organic structure of the officers and subordinates of the Royal Court of Majorca during the 18th century, which was the essence of the high judicial administration insular. Because of that, we approached through these relatively extensive professionals, with the description of their functions, who they were and how they obtained their charges. The article ends with an epilogue dedicated to the enlargement of the Royal Court with the creation of the second chamber during the reformist stage of Charles III to improve the high judicial administration insular.
Education and Knowledge: The core of productive transformation with equity?. The case of Chile
2003
The objective of this article is to give a review of the results of educational politics in Chile, of which the core concept has been “productive transformation with equity”. It has established a view on the aspects of productivity and distribution of income in the different socioeconomic stratums, and it shows the levels of education achieved in comparison to the incomes earned. Among the principle conclusions that were found, it is certain that even though productivity has increased, equity has not, which shows problems with educational development in Chile.
Revista complutense de educación
2001
M.Jesus.Martinez@uv.es Este articulo revisa los principales obstáculos y problemáticas que han tenido lugar en los sistemas europeos de Formación Profesional. Se reconoce para ello tres agrupaciones de paises a fin de estructurar el presente estudio, cada una de las cuales coincide en sus principales rasgos: los sistemas de Formación Profesional técnica y escolar (en el Sur de Europa y los países escandinavos), los sistemas mixtos de Formación Profesional o sistemas duales (en Alemania, Holanda y Austria) y los paises donde prevalecen los sistemas de Formación Profesional post-ocupacionales (Gran Bretaña e Irlanda). De cada una de las agrupaciones se han estudiado algunos elementos, utiliza…
Finnish Case of Basic Education for All – With Quality Learning Outcomes
2014
This article views behind the success of the Finnish basic education in the PISA assessments in the years 2000, 2003, 2006 and 2009. Success is here defined not only as excellent learning outcomes in reading literacy, mathematics and science, but also as a high level of educational equity and equality. The achieved outcomes are attributable to several factors, of which this article addresses especially the basic education reform of 1972-1977 and the university based teacher education leading to a master’s degree. Additional attention is paid to the autonomy of the municipalities (counties), schools and teachers in building and implementing the curricula, on the respect for learning and teac…
From discrete to transformed? Developing inclusive primary school teacher education in a Finnish teacher education department
2010
This paper describes the primary school teacher education curriculum reform currently under way in the Department of Teacher Education at the University of Jyvaskyla, Finland. A general overview of the Finnish context and relevant inclusive education policy issues are presented. The process of developing inclusive education in the curriculum and the organisational culture of the department of teacher education is discussed in relation to the collaborative teacher education research framework developed by Pugach and Blanton. Areas for future development are identified.
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR TEACHERS SELF- ASSESSMENT TO TEACH 21ST CENTURY SKILLS
2021
The context of educational reforms taking place in many countries gives special relevance, as the curriculum enters the 21st century skills or so-called transversal skills. It is necessary to ascertain how successful the teaching of these skills is already so that the school management together with teachers develop evidence-based or data-driven professional development solutions. The aim of the research is to create a theoretical framework and corresponding self-assessment tools, how the teacher can assess for himself to what extent he has succeeded in achieving the competence to teach students in the 21st century skills required to achieve the goals set by the school in the context of the…
Is There Real Freedom of School Choice?: An Analysis from a Study in Chile1
2018
Between 1981 and 1990, Chile began to implement an education reform based on school choice and a financing system through vouchers. In theory, the system ensures complete freedom of choice of school by families. This article attempts to identify the existence of factors that conditioned the enrollment process in different types of schools existing nowadays in the Chilean educational system, the largest quasi-market of Latin America. Results show a social stratification and separation by schools and indicate how geographical distance and social composition are the most critical factors for families when choosing a school.