Search results for " SIMULATIONS"

showing 10 items of 243 documents

Understanding and Controlling Food Protein Structure and Function in Foods: Perspectives from Experiments and Computer Simulations

2020

The structure and interactions of proteins play a critical role in determining the quality attributes of many foods, beverages, and pharmaceutical products. Incorporating a multiscale understanding of the structure–function relationships of proteins can provide greater insight into, and control of, the relevant processes at play. Combining data from experimental measurements, human sensory panels, and computer simulations through machine learning allows the construction of statistical models relating nanoscale properties of proteins to the physicochemical properties, physiological outcomes, and tastes of foods. This review highlights several examples of advanced computer simulations at mol…

MultiscaleInterface interactionsComputer scienceIn silicorare-event method02 engineering and technologyMolecular dynamics01 natural sciencesconstant-pH simulationArticleStructure-Activity RelationshipGPCRruokafoods0103 physical sciencesComputer Simulationcomputer simulationssimulointiravintoaineetProtein-sugar interactionsConstant pH simulationfood proteintilastolliset mallit2. Zero hungerMolecular interactionsCoarse graining010304 chemical physicsQSARFood proteinmolecular dynamicRare-event methodsexperiments021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyToolboxfysikaaliset ominaisuudetkemialliset ominaisuudetStructure and functionsimulation food carbohydrates pHFoodcoarse grainingmolecular interactionEmulsionsDietary ProteinsproteiinitBiochemical engineeringmaku (aineen ominaisuudet)0210 nano-technologyfysiologiset vaikutuksetFood ScienceAnnual Review of Food Science and Technology
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Systematic uncertainties from halo asphericity in dark matter searches

2015

Although commonly assumed to be spherical, dark matter halos are predicted to be non-spherical by N-body simulations and their asphericity has a potential impact on the systematic uncertainties in dark matter searches. The evaluation of these uncertainties is the main aim of this work, where we study the impact of aspherical dark matter density distributions in Milky-Way-like halos on direct and indirect searches. Using data from the large N-body cosmological simulation Bolshoi, we perform a statistical analysis and quantify the systematic uncertainties on the determination of local dark matter density and the so-called $J$ factors for dark matter annihilations and decays from the galactic …

N-body SimulationsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsParticle physicsCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Milky WayDwarf galaxy problemDark matterScalar field dark matterFOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysicsAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics01 natural sciencesMany-body problemHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Baryonic dark matter0103 physical sciencesDark matter010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsPotential impactAnnihilation010308 nuclear & particles physicsHot dark matterGalactic CenterAstronomyAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxiestriaxial halosDark matter haloHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology13. Climate actionAstrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)Cuspy halo problemHaloDark fluidAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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GEANT4 simulation of the neutron background of the C6D6 set-up for capture studies at n_TOF

2014

The neutron sensitivity of the C6D6 detector setup used at n_TOF facility for capture measurements has been studied by means of detailed GEANT4 simulations. A realistic software replica of the entire n_TOF experimental hall, including the neutron beam line, sample, detector supports and the walls of the experimental area has beeni mplemented in the simulations. The simulations have been analyzed in the same manner as experimental data, in particular by applying the Pulse Height Weighting Technique. The simulations have been validated against a measurement of the neutron background performed with anatC sample, showing an excellent agreement above 1 keV. At lower energies, an additional compo…

Neutron captureNuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics - Instrumentation and DetectorsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGEANT4 simulations; Neutron time of flight; Neutron background; n_TOF; Neutron captureFOS: Physical sciencesNeutronN-TOF7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesPartícules (Física nuclear)Nuclear physicsCross section (physics)0103 physical sciencesNeutronNuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)010306 general physicsGEANT4 simulations;N-TOF;Neutron time of flight;Neutron capture;Neutron backgroundNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationphysics.ins-detNuclear ExperimentGEANT4Line (formation)Particles (Nuclear physics)PhysicsBonner sphere:Energies::Energia nuclear [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]NeutronsGEANT4 simulation:Física [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetectorFísicaNeutron sensitivityDetectorInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)Neutron radiationNEUTRON TIME OF FLIGHTNeutron captureBackgroundDeuteriumN_TOFGEANT4 simulationsNeutron backgroundSimulation
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Conformational changes in acetylcholine binding protein investigated by temperature accelerated molecular dynamics.

2014

Despite the large number of studies available on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, a complete account of the mechanistic aspects of their gating transition in response to ligand binding still remains elusive. As a first step toward dissecting the transition mechanism by accelerated sampling techniques, we study the ligand-induced conformational changes of the acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP), a widely accepted model for the full receptor extracellular domain. Using unbiased Molecular Dynamics (MD) and Temperature Accelerated Molecular Dynamics (TAMD) simulations we investigate the AChBP transition between the apo and the agonist-bound state. In long standard MD simulations, both confo…

Nicotinic Acetylcholine ReceptorsProtein ConformationGatingMolecular DynamicsLigandsBiochemistryBiophysics SimulationsIon ChannelsMolecular dynamicsAcetylcholine bindingComputational ChemistryBiochemical SimulationsNicotinic AgonistsBiomacromolecule-Ligand InteractionsBiochemistry SimulationsMultidisciplinaryHydrogen bondChemistryPhysicsQTemperatureRLigand (biochemistry)nicotinic receptor molecular dynamics tamd acethylcholine binding proteinChemistryNicotinic agonistBiochemistryMedicineBiophysic Al SimulationsResearch ArticleProtein BindingProtein subunitScienceBiophysicsMolecular Dynamics SimulationProtein ChemistryStatistical MechanicsChemical BiologyAnimalsBiologyAcetylcholine receptorBinding SitesProteinsComputational BiologyHydrogen BondingSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Protein SubunitsMolluscaAcetylcholine ReceptorsBiophysicsLobelineCarrier ProteinsPLoS ONE
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Time evolution of linearized gauge field fluctuations on a real-time lattice

2016

Classical real-time lattice simulations play an important role in understanding non-equilibrium phenomena in gauge theories and are used in particular to model the prethermal evolution of heavy-ion collisions. Due to instabilities, small quantum fluctuations on top of the classical background may significantly affect the dynamics of the system. In this paper we argue for the need for a numerical calculation of a system of classical gauge fields and small linearized fluctuations in a way that keeps the separation between the two manifest. We derive and test an explicit algorithm to solve these equations on the lattice, maintaining gauge invariance and Gauss's law.

Nuclear TheoryPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)High Energy Physics::LatticeFOS: Physical sciences114 Physical sciences01 natural sciencesNuclear Theory (nucl-th)High Energy Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Lattice (order)0103 physical sciencestime evolutionGauge theory010306 general physicsEngineering (miscellaneous)Quantum fluctuationlattice simulationsPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsGauss' lawGaussHigh Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)Time evolutionParticle Physics - LatticeHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyClassical mechanicsgauge theories
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Dosimetry for electron Intra-Operative RadioTherapy: Comparison of output factors obtained through alanine/EPR pellets, ionization chamber and Monte …

2015

Abstract In this work a comparison between the response of alanine and Markus ionization chamber was carried out for measurements of the output factors (OF) of electron beams produced by a linear accelerator used for Intra-Operative Radiation Therapy (IORT). Output factors (OF) for conventional high-energy electron beams are normally measured using ionization chamber according to international dosimetry protocols. However, the electron beams used in IORT have characteristics of dose per pulse, energy spectrum and angular distribution quite different from beams usually used in external radiotherapy, so the direct application of international dosimetry protocols may introduce additional uncer…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDosimeterPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsChemistryIORTSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentalePhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodDetectorGeant4Dose profileElectronalanine dosimetry Monte Carlo Simulation Geant4Alanine dosimetrySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Linear particle acceleratorMonte Carlo simulationsComputational physicsNuclear magnetic resonanceIonization chamberDosimetrySettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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A pulsed high-voltage decelerator system to deliver low-energy antiprotons

2021

International audience; The GBAR (Gravitational Behavior of Antihydrogen at Rest) experiment at CERN requires efficient deceleration of 100 keV antiprotons provided by the new ELENA synchrotron ring to synthesize antihydrogen. This is accomplished using electrostatic deceleration optics and a drift tube that is designed to switch from -99 kV to ground when the antiproton bunch is inside – essentially a charged particle “elevator” – producing a 1 keV pulse. We describe the simulation, design, construction and successful testing of the decelerator device at -92 kV on-line with antiprotons from ELENA.

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDrift tubeGeneral RelativityIon-optic simulationsCERN Labdrift tubeAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph]Charged-particle opticsfabrication7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesanti-p: decelerationlaw.inventionNuclear physicslaw0103 physical sciencessynchrotronPhysics::Atomic Physics010306 general physicsAntihydrogennumerical calculationsInstrumentationaccelerator: designPhysicsantihydrogenLarge Hadron Collider010308 nuclear & particles physicsHigh voltageCharged particleSynchrotron[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph]Pulse (physics)beam opticsAntiprotonPhysics::Accelerator Physics
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Interaction position resolution simulations and in-beam measurements of the AGATA HPGe detectors

2011

WOS: 000290082600015

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsFusion-evaporation ReactionsPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsg-ray trackingAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaMonte Carlo methodEvaporationRay tracking[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]01 natural sciencesParticle detectorNuclear physicsAGATA Fusion-evaporation reactions HPGe detectors Monte Carlo Simulation Ray tracking; Computer simulation Evaporation Monte Carlo methods Phase transitions; DetectorsHPGe Detectors0103 physical sciencesNuclear Experiment010306 general physicsInstrumentationGamma-ray TrackingPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physics4. EducationResolution (electron density)DetectorMonte Carlo SimulationMonte Carlo methodsDetectorsComputer simulationSemiconductor detectorPhase transitionsMonte Carlo SimulationsMeasuring instrumentHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAGATAAGATABeam (structure)
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Single-Event Burnout Mechanisms in SiC Power MOSFETs

2018

Heavy ion-induced single-event burnout (SEB) is investigated in high-voltage silicon carbide power MOSFETs. Experimental data for 1200-V SiC power MOSFETs show a significant decrease in SEB onset voltage for particle linear energy transfers greater than 10 MeV/cm 2 /mg, above which the SEB threshold voltage is nearly constant at half of the rated maximum operating voltage for these devices. TCAD simulations show a parasitic bipolar junction transistor turn-on mechanism, which drives the avalanching of carriers and leads to runaway drain current, resulting in SEB. peerReviewed

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials sciencesingle-event burnoutpower MOSFETs01 natural sciencesdevice simulationselektroniikkakomponentitchemistry.chemical_compoundsilicon carbide0103 physical sciencesMOSFETSilicon carbideElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPower MOSFETheavy ions010302 applied physicspower devicesta114ta213010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryionisoiva säteilyBipolar junction transistorsingle event effectsThreshold voltageImpact ionizationsäteilyfysiikkaNuclear Energy and EngineeringchemistrytransistoritOptoelectronicsbusinessCurrent densityVoltageIEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
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Characterization of a neutron-beta counting system with beta-delayed neutron emitters

2016

Abstract A new detection system for the measurement of beta-delayed neutron emission probabilities has been characterized using fission products with well known β-delayed neutron emission properties. The setup consists of BELEN-20, a 4π neutron counter with twenty 3He proportional tubes arranged inside a large polyethylene neutron moderator, a thin Si detector for β counting and a self-triggering digital data acquisition system. The use of delayed-neutron precursors with different neutron emission windows allowed the study of the effect of energy dependency on neutron, β and β–neutron rates. The observed effect is well reproduced by Monte Carlo simulations. The impact of this dependency on …

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsNeutron emissionAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaNuclear TheoryMontecarlo Mètode de01 natural sciencesSelf-triggered digital data acquisition systemNuclear physicsNeutron and beta counters0103 physical sciencesGeant4 simulationsNeutron cross sectionNeutron detectionNeutronself-triggered digital data acquisition system010306 general physicsNuclear ExperimentInstrumentationBeta-delayed neutron emission probabilityPhysicsBonner spherebeta-delayed neutron emission probability:Energies::Energia nuclear [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Neutronsta114ta213010308 nuclear & particles physicsNeutron stimulated emission computed tomographyNeutron temperatureMonte Carlo method:Física::Física molecular [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC]Delayed neutronneutron and beta counters
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