Search results for " SPORT"
showing 10 items of 5267 documents
Including the Past: Performance Modeling Using a Preload Concept by Means of the Fitness-Fatigue Model
2019
Abstract In mathematical modeling by means of performance models, the Fitness-Fatigue Model (FF-Model) is a common approach in sport and exercise science to study the training performance relationship. The FF-Model uses an initial basic level of performance and two antagonistic terms (for fitness and fatigue). By model calibration, parameters are adapted to the subject’s individual physical response to training load. Although the simulation of the recorded training data in most cases shows useful results when the model is calibrated and all parameters are adjusted, this method has two major difficulties. First, a fitted value as basic performance will usually be too high. Second, without mo…
El papel del profesor en la motivación y la salud mental de los estudiantes de educación física
2016
Resumen Introducción. La teoría de la autodeterminación sugiere que los sujetos con regulaciones autónomas mostrarán mayores niveles de funcionamiento óptimo que aquellos con regulaciones controladoras. Asimismo, la teoría ha defendido la importancia que tienen los factores sociales en los procesos motivacionales. En el contexto educativo, uno de los factores sociales que tiene un papel importante en la motivación de los estudiantes es el estilo interpersonal que utiliza el profesor cuando brinda instrucciones; por tanto, aquellos ambientes que fomenten la motivación autónoma serán importantes para el desarrollo óptimo y la salud mental de los estudiantes. Objetivo. Examinar si el grado en …
“As Many as Possible for as Long as Possible”—A Case Study of a Soccer Team That Fosters Multiple Outcomes
2021
The personal assets framework suggests that dynamic elements of (a) personal engagement in activities, (b) quality social dynamics, and (c) appropriate settings will influence an athlete’s long-term outcomes of performance, personal development, and continued participation in sport. The aim of the present study was to conduct a case study of a Norwegian age-restricted team that was successful in promoting participation, performance, and positive development for individual participants and to investigate how the dynamic elements of activities, social dynamics, and settings have led to these long-term outcomes. The results indicated that the case is a best-practice example of successful attai…
Management of chronic knee osteoarthritis pain: Where are we going?
2016
Telomere Length, SIRT1, and Insulin in Male Master Athletes: The Path to Healthy Longevity?
2021
AbstractLower SIRT1 and insulin resistance are associated with accelerated telomere shortening. This study investigated whether the lifestyle of master athletes can attenuate these age-related changes and thereby slow aging. We compared insulin, SIRT1, and telomere length in highly trained male master athletes (n=52; aged 49.9±7.2 yrs) and age-matched non-athletes (n=19; aged 47.3±8.9 yrs). This is a cross-sectional study, in which all data were collected in one visit. Overnight fasted SIRT1 and insulin levels in whole blood were assessed using commercial kits. Relative telomere length was determined in leukocytes through qPCR analyses. Master athletes had higher SIRT1, lower insulin, and l…
Sportomics in professional soccer players: metabolomics results during preseason.
2021
BACKGROUND Sportomics is the application of metabolomics to study the metabolism shifts of individuals that practice sports or do physical exercise. This aim was reached by the analysis of low molecular weight metabolites (<1.5 kDa) present in biological fluids such as blood, saliva or urine. METHODS In this study, authors performed a 1H-NMR analysis of urine from 21 professional soccer players collected at 3 different time points during the preseason preparation period before the beginning of Serie A Championship (first division) in Italy. RESULTS Urine profile changed during the observational period. In particular, significant variations were observed for trimethylamine-N-oxide, dimethyla…
High-frequency blood flow-restricted resistance exercise results in acute and prolonged cellular stress more pronounced in type I than in type II fib…
2021
Myocellular stress with high-frequency blood flow-restricted resistance exercise (BFRRE) was investigated by measures of heat shock protein (HSP) responses, glycogen content, and inflammatory markers. Thirteen participants [age: 24 ± 2 yr (means ± SD), 9 males] completed two 5-day blocks of seven BFRRE sessions, separated by 10 days. Four sets of unilateral knee extensions to failure at 20% of one-repetition maximum (1RM) were performed. Muscle samples obtained before, 1 h after the first session in the first and second block (
Nutritional strategies in an elite wheelchair marathoner at 3900 m altitude: a case report.
2019
Abstract Background Altitude training is a common practice among middle-distance and marathon runners. During acclimatization, sympathetic drive may increase resting metabolic rate (RMR), therefore implementation of targeted nutritional interventions based on training demands and environmental conditions becomes paramount. This single case study represents the first nutritional intervention performed under hypobaric hypoxic conditions (3900 m) in Paralympic sport. These results may elucidate the unique nutritional requirements of upper body endurance athletes training at altitude. Case presentation This case study examined the effects of a nutritional intervention on the body mass of a 36-y…
An Acute Dose of Specific Grape and Apple Polyphenols Improves Endurance Performance: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind versus Placebo Controlled…
2017
International audience; Polyphenols are thought to be an interesting ergogenic aid for exercise and recovery. However, most studies regarding the effects of polyphenols investigated several days of supplementations. The present work aimed to study the effects of an acute intake of grape and apple polyphenols on the capacity to maintain intense exercise, here named endurance performance. Forty-eight physically active men (31 ± 6 years) were included in this study. During the two testing sessions, volunteers completed an endurance test at a high percentage of their maximal aerobic power and time to exhaustion was measured. Respiratory and pain parameters were also monitored. The preceding eve…
Estrogenic regulation of skeletal muscle proteome : a study of premenopausal women and postmenopausal MZ cotwins discordant for hormonal therapy
2017
Female middle age is characterized by a decline in skeletal muscle mass and performance, predisposing women to sarcopenia, functional limitations, and metabolic dysfunction as they age. Menopausal loss of ovarian function leading to low circulating level of 17b-estradiol has been suggested as a contributing factor to aging-related muscle deterioration. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown and thus far androgens have been considered as a major anabolic hormone for skeletal muscle. We utilized muscle samples from 24 pre- and postmenopausal women to establish proteome-wide profiles, associated with the difference in age (30–34 years old vs. 54– 62 years old), men…