Search results for " STEM CELLS"
showing 10 items of 881 documents
Effect of Sirolimus Exposure on the Need for Preemptive Antiviral Therapy for Cytomeglovirus Infection after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Trans…
2019
The current study evaluates the clinical effect of sirolimus exposure on the occurrence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNAemia necessitating preemptive antiviral therapy. A total of 167 consecutive recipients of reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) who received sirolimus- and tacrolimus-based graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis and whose CMV serostatus was positive for donors and/or recipients were included in this multicenter retrospective study. A parametric model with consecutive sirolimus blood levels describing the time to CMV DNAemia-RAT was developed using NONMEM version 7.4. Overall, 122 of 167 patients (73%) were all…
Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Improve Left Ventricular Function, Induce Angiogenesis, and Reduce Infarct Size in Rats with Acute Myocardial Infarction
2008
Abstract Human dental pulp contains precursor cells termed dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) that show self-renewal and multilineage differentiation and also secrete multiple proangiogenic and antiapoptotic factors. To examine whether these cells could have therapeutic potential in the repair of myocardial infarction (MI), DPSC were infected with a retrovirus encoding the green fluorescent protein (GFP) and expanded ex vivo. Seven days after induction of myocardial infarction by coronary artery ligation, 1.5 × 106 GFP-DPSC were injected intramyocardially in nude rats. At 4 weeks, cell-treated animals showed an improvement in cardiac function, observed by percentage changes in anterior wall thic…
Stromal SPARC contributes to the detrimental fibrotic changes associated with myeloproliferation whereas its deficiency favors myeloid cell expansion.
2012
Abstract In myeloid malignancies, the neoplastic clone outgrows normal hematopoietic cells toward BM failure. This event is also sustained by detrimental stromal changes, such as BM fibrosis and osteosclerosis, whose occurrence is harbinger of a dismal prognosis. We show that the matricellular protein SPARC contributes to the BM stromal response to myeloproliferation. The degree of SPARC expression in BM stromal elements, including CD146+ mesenchymal stromal cells, correlates with the degree of stromal changes, and the severity of BM failure characterizing the prototypical myeloproliferative neoplasm primary myelofibrosis. Using Sparc−/− mice and BM chimeras, we demonstrate that SPARC contr…
Reconstruction of critical-size mandibular defects in immunoincompetent rats with human adipose-derived stromal cells
2013
In patients with bony defects, autologous bone grafts are the "gold standard" for reconstruction. In children, autologous bone harvesting is limited but tissue engineering offers an alternative. Next to bone marrow, adipose tissue is a source of mesenchymal stromal cells, and adipose-derived stromal cells (ADSC) can differentiate into osteocytes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of bioactive implants (ADSC in fibrin glue) for repair of critical-size mandibular defects in athymic rats. Human adult ADSC embedded in fibrin glue were implanted into a critical-size defect in the rat mandible and their efficacy was compared to those of protected bone healing (pbh), autologous bo…
The Disease-Specific Phenotype in Cardiomyocytes Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells of Two Long QT Syndrome Type 3 Patients
2013
Long QT syndromes (LQTS) are heritable diseases characterized by prolongation of the QT interval on an electrocardiogram, which often leads to syncope and sudden cardiac death. Here we report the generation of induced pluripotent stems (iPS) cells from two patients with LQTS type 3 carrying a different point mutation in a sodium channel Nav1.5 (p.V240M and p.R535Q) and functional characterization of cardiomyocytes (CM) derived from them. The iPS cells exhibited all characteristic properties of pluripotent stem cells, maintained the disease-specific mutation and readily differentiated to CM. The duration of action potentials at 50% and 90% repolarization was longer in LQTS-3 CM as compared t…
Apoptosis resistance in epithelial tumors is mediated by tumor-cell-derived interleukin-4
2008
We investigated the mechanisms involved in the resistance to cell death observed in epithelial cancers. Here, we identify that primary epithelial cancer cells from colon, breast and lung carcinomas express high levels of the antiapoptotic proteins PED, cFLIP, Bcl-xL and Bcl-2. These cancer cells produced interleukin-4 (IL-4), which amplified the expression levels of these antiapoptotic proteins and prevented cell death induced upon exposure to TRAIL or other drug agents. IL-4 blockade resulted in a significant decrease in the growth rate of epithelial cancer cells and sensitized them, both in vitro and in vivo, to apoptosis induction by TRAIL and chemotherapy via downregulation of the antia…
3D-printing-assisted fabrication of chitosan scaffolds from different sources and cross-linkers for dental tissue engineering
2021
The aim of the present study was to fabricate and characterise chitosan scaffolds from animal and fungal sources, with or without gelatine as a co-polymer, and cross-linked to 3-glycidyloxyproply trimethoxysilane (GPTMS) or genipin for application in dental root tissue engineering. Chitosan-based scaffolds were prepared by the emulsion freeze-drying technique. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and nano-focus computed tomography (nano-CT) were used to characterise scaffold microstructure. Chemical composition and cross-linking were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy. Compression tests were performed to evaluate scaffold mechanical properties. S…
Competition between clonal plasma cells and normal cells for potentially overlapping bone marrow niches is associated with a progressively altered ce…
2011
Disappearance of normal bone marrow (BM) plasma cells (PC) predicts malignant transformation of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering myeloma (SMM) into symptomatic multiple myeloma (MM). The homing, behavior and survival of normal PC, but also CD34 hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), B-cell precursors, and clonal PC largely depends on their interaction with stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) expressing, potentially overlapping BM stromal cell niches. Here, we investigate the distribution, phenotypic characteristics and competitive migration capacity of these cell populations in patients with MGUS, SMM and MM vs healthy adults (HA) aged 60 years. Our result…
Effect of interleukin-3 pretreatment on granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor induced mobilization of circulating haemopoietic progenitor …
1995
Recombinant human colony stimulating factors (CSFs) as single agents are increasingly used for mobilizing peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) for stem cell transplantation. We have shown in rhesus monkeys that interleukin-3 (IL-3) pretreatment markedly potentiated the increase in PBPC numbers of subsequent administration of granulocyte/macrophage-CSF (GM-CSF). Here we studied the effect of IL-3 pretreatment on GM-CSF-induced mobilization of PB progenitors in patients who were potential candidates for autologous stem cell transplantation (n = 16). Patients were treated with GM-CSF at a dose of 5 micrograms/kg/d for 5 d and after a treatment free interval received another cycle of GM-CS…
Clonal populations of hematopoietic cells with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria phenotype in patients with splanchnic vein thrombosis
2014
Abstract Introduction Splanchnic vein thrombosis (SVT) is a serious complication in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Mutant PNH clones can be associated with an increased risk of SVT even in the absence of overt disease, but their prevalence in non-selected SVT patients remains unknown. Materials and Methods Patients with objective diagnosis of SVT and without known PNH were tested for the presence of PNH clone using high-sensitivity flow cytometric analysis. Results A total of 202 SVT patients were eligible, 58.4% were males, mean age was 54.6 years (range 17–94), site of thrombosis was portal in 103 patients, mesenteric in 67, splenic in 37, and supra-hepatic in 10…