Search results for " STRESS"
showing 10 items of 3936 documents
Modeling olive ecophysiological response to soil water deficit.
2011
Bacillus thuringiensis treatment alters larval growth, hemocytes and modulation of Hsp70 in Rhynchophorus ferrugineus
2011
To study the pathogen-host relationship, we used the model of the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, a quarantine pest that attacks the palm trees. In particular, we focused on the Bt stress-induced infections. We studied the effect of Bt on larval growth, on hemocytes and on the expression of the heat shock proteins (Hsp70). HSPs are rapidly synthesized in the cells after a stress exposition including pathogens. The Hsp70 was evaluated in the supernatant of the hemocyte lysate (HLS) obtained from larvae fed with Bt. This is the first time that the presence of Hsp70 has been recorded in R. ferrugineus. Bt has negative effects on larval grow…
In vivo modulation of Hsp70 in Rhynchophorus ferrugineus hemocytes after Bacillus thuringiensis treatment
2010
Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are rapidly synthesized within stressed cells after exposure to an environmental stressor. A variety of environmental stresses, including heat, cold, trace-metal exposure, xenobiotics have been reported to modulate Hsps expression in various organisms. Hsps are grouped into several families based on their protein size. Most organisms have several genes encoding members of this Hsp family. In particularly Hsp70 can be induced quickly under stressful conditions, but return to a normal expression level under non-stressful conditions. Few studies have been done to detect the Hsp70 expression in phytophagous insects towards pathogens. Since a preliminary research discl…
Oxidative Status of Goats with Different CSN1S1 Genotypes Fed ad Libitum with Fresh and Dry Forages
2020
Forty late-lactation Girgentana goats were used to study the effect of diets fed ad libitum and &alpha
Effects of diet and genotype at CSN1S1 locus on the oxidative stress in lactating goats
2011
Twenty-eight Girgentana goats were selected on the basis of their CSN1S1 genotype as follows: 14 goats homozygous for strong (AA) alleles and 14 goats heterozygous (AF). The goats were used in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement of treatments, with the two genotypes (G) and four diets (D). The diets were: a pelleted alfalfa hay (100H), a complete feed including alfalfa hay at 65% (65H), fresh sulla (Hedysarum coronarium L.) forage (100S) and fresh sulla plus barley (65S). Each trial consisted of 15d for adaptation and 8d for sample collection, during which the goats received the scheduled diet ad libitum. Blood samples were collected at the end of pre-experimental and experimental period. Plasma …
Effects of Grazing on the Behaviour, Oxidative and Immune Status, and Production of Organic Dairy Cows
2019
This study compared the effects of a short daily grazing time with those of permanent free-stall housing on the behaviour, oxidative status, immune response, and milk production of organically reared cows. During a 63-day period, two homogeneous groups of eight lactating Brown cows were allocated to either housing (H) in a free-stall building for 24 h/day. Feeding was based on a total mixed ration or grazing (G) on barley grass for 5 h/day, and housing in a free-stall structure with feeding was based on the same total mixed ration offered to the H group. With regard to behaviour, H cows spent more time idling, walking, drinking, and self-grooming, whereas G cows showed a greater intent to e…
CHARACTERIZATION OF WATER RELATION TRAITS IN WILD SICILIAN POPULATIONS OF BRASSICA
2015
The aims of this work are to Investigate the variability in water relation traits among wild Brassica relatives adapted to arid and saline environments and to Identify specific differences in physiological traits that may be used to improve cultivated relatives widely used in our diet, such as broccoli, cabbage and kale.
Human activities trigger change in marine landscape
2018
Biodiversity is undergoing rapid and worrying changes, partially driven by anthropogenic activities. Human impacts and climate change (e.g. increasing temperature and ocean acidification), which act at different spatial scale, represent the most serious threats to biodiversity and ecosystem structure and function. In this overview, the effects of anthropogenic pressures on unique and valuable Mediterranean systems, such as Cystoseira sp. pl. forest and Posidonia oceanica meadows, are examined. These complex systems, characterized by a high associated biodiversity, are regularly exposed to natural and anthropogenic pressures. Due to the central role they have for several important ecological…
Life on the edge: Adaptations of Posidonia oceanica to hypersaline conditions in a Mediterranean lagoon system
2023
Hypersaline stress is a major stressor in semi-enclosed coastal lagoons, affecting the distribution and survival of key foundation species. In this study, we investigated how Posidonia oceanica meadows responded physiologically and morphologically to different salinity concentrations both in-situ, across a natural saline gradient occurring inside the lagoon system, and in a mesocosm experiment. Leaf water relations, organic osmolytes, photosynthesis, respiration, Chlorophyll-a fluorescence, pigments content, and leaf growth were studied in P. oceanica from three different sites within the Stagnone of Marsala lagoon, as well as after exposing P. oceanica to a salinity level of 46 psu in a 30…
Effect of salinity on Puccinellia distans (L.) Parl. treated with NaCl and foliarly applied glycinebetaine
2009
Turfgrasses general appearance is much affected by environmental stresses because the species used for this purpose are particularly exigent in terms of technical inputs and water need. In the Mediterranean area, sometimes irrigation is provided by using waste water which may contain high concentrations of dissolved salts which can cause salt stress injury and poor turf quality. Puccinellia distans (L.) Parl. is a halophyte cool season grass that seems to have a high salinity tolerance when cultivated in sodic soils or in NaCl-rich hydroponic cultures. We investigated the response of P. distans to salinity in a soil culture in a controlled growth environment. The effect of different concent…