Search results for " Salts"

Syntheses and structural study of bile acid amidoalcohols.

2008

Preparation, structural and thermoanalytical characterization of fourteen N-hydroxyalkyl 5beta-cholan-24-amides have been performed in this study. The utilized techniques include liquid state and CP-MAS 13C NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and also powder and single crystal X-ray crystallography. The results were discussed and compared to each other and also to previous findings on similar compounds. One pure hydrate form was obtained. Six new single crystal structures were determined, including one hydrated chloroform solvate. Decomposition temperatures were found to correlate with the side chain length, and the number of the hydroxyl groups. The spati…

Organic salts and aromatic substrates in two-component gel phase formation: the study of properties and release processes

2015

To identify gel phases able to act as confined reaction media or materials for the removal of organic pollutants, we studied two-component gel phases formed by naphthalenedisulfonate diimidazolium salts in the presence of some organic guests, in 1-propanol solution. Guests differing in π-surface area, bulkiness and electronic properties were taken into account. Soft materials obtained were investigated for their thermal stability, self-repairing ability and morphology. Furthermore, two-component gel phase formation was studied using resonance light scattering (RLS) measurements. Guest release processes from the gel phase were also studied. These processes were monitored as a function of tim…

The effects of glutamate receptor antagonists on cerebellar granule cell survival and development.

2007

N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor stimulation promotes neuronal survival and differentiation under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. We studied the effects of various NMDA receptor antagonists acting at different NMDA receptor binding sites and non-NMDA receptor antagonists on the development and survival of cerebellar granule cell (CGC) culture. Only three of the drugs tested induced neurotoxicity-MK-801 (non-competitive NMDA channel blocking antagonist), ifenprodil (an antagonist of the NR2B site and polyamine site of the NMDA receptor) and L-701.324 (full antagonist at glycine site), while CGP-37849 (a competitive NMDA antagonist), (+)-HA-966 (a partial agonist of the glycine site…

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: the therapeutic challenge of a global epidemic.

2011

Nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and especially its inflammatory variant nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have become a major challenge to healthcare systems worldwide because of the increasing prevalence of its major risk factors obesity and type 2 diabetes, which are closely linked to overeating, physical inactivity, and the metabolic syndrome.Between 10 and 20% of patients with NAFL develop NASH, which can progress to cirrhosis, end-stage liver disease, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The overall mortality in these patients is significantly increased because of both cardiovascular and liver-related complications. Sustained weight loss by diet and exercise, which is the most effective the…

Tandem gold self-relay catalysis for the synthesis of 2,3-dihydropyridin-4(1 H)-ones: combination of σ and π Lewis acid properties of gold salts.

2014

The dual ability of gold salts to act as π- and σ Lewis acids has been exploited in a tandem self-relay catalysis. Thus, triphenylphosphanegold(I) triflate mediated the intramolecular carbonyl addition of the amide functionality of homoprogargyl amides to a triple bond. The formation of a σ complex of the gold salt with the intermediate oxazine promoted a nucleophilic addition followed by a Petasis-Ferrier rearrangement. This tandem protocol, catalyzed by the same gold salt under the same reaction conditions, gave rise to the efficient synthesis of 2,3-dihydropyridin-4-(1 H)-ones, which contain a cyclic quaternary α-amino acid unit. The asymmetric version was performed by generating the sta…

Pulse radiolysis and theoretical investigation on the initial mechanism of the e-beam polymerization of epoxy resins. The results obtained on (phenox…

2007

Abstract The radical cation of (phenoxymethyl)oxirane ( PGE ⋅ + ) is generated by pulse radiolysis in dichloromethane solution and by direct action of radiation on the title compound. In the pure system its UV–vis spectrum is characterized by two bands at 340 and 430 nm, such that the electronic structure corresponds to a dipole bearing the positive charge on the phenoxy side. At the same time, the phenoxy-oxirane bridge is weakened. Then, the radical cation fragments into a phenoxonium ion and an oxyranylmethyl radical ( k PGE - fragm = 1.16 × 10 7 s - 1 ) . The latter immediately rearranges to an allyloxyl radical by ring opening. It is then conceived that the action of onium salts, as ra…

Rheological behaviour of PAN-based electrolytic gel containing tetrahexilammonium and magnesium iodide for photoeletrochemical applications

2013

Two components organogels as molecular recognition systems: properties, behavior and future applications

Infarct Size Measurement by Triphenyltetrazolium Chloride StainingVersus In VivoInjection of Propidium Iodide

1997

Infarct size delineation by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining is dependent on sufficient reperfusion. We therefore evaluated the possibility of using propidium iodide (PI), a reagent conventionally used in flow cytometry to fluorescently stain dead cells, for infarct size analysis after short periods of reperfusion. Forty-five rabbits were subjected to either 15 min, 2 h or 4.5 h of coronary artery occlusion without reperfusion, or to 15 min, 30 min and 2 h of coronary artery occlusion followed by 30 min, 1 h and 3 h of reperfusion. Fifteen min before terminating the experiment, PI was injected into the left atrium. Patent blue violet was used to delineate the area at risk. Follo…

Impact of the process of isolating humic acids from peat on their propertiesA paper submitted to the Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science.

2009

Humic substances (HS) can be isolated in preparative quantities from low rank coal, peat, and soil. Traditionally, treatment with solutions of NaOH, KOH, or metal salts (K4P2O7) has been used for their isolation. The aim of this article is to study the effectiveness of different technologies in extracting HS from peat as well as the impact of the different extractive technologies on the properties of the isolated HS. Yields of HS depend very much on the extraction process (extractant, temperature, pretreatment procedures, solvent, mixing intensity); however, the properties of the substances obtained (molecular mass, number of functional groups, spectral characteristics) differ significantly…