Search results for " Sam"

showing 10 items of 1096 documents

B-Spline Estimation in a Survey Sampling Framework

2021

Nonparametric regression models have been used more and more over the last years to model survey data and incorporate efficiently auxiliary information in order to improve the estimation of totals, means or other study parameters such as Gini index or poverty rate. B-spline nonparametric regression has the benefit of being very flexible in modeling nonlinear survey data while keeping many similarities and properties of the classical linear regression. This method proved to be efficient for deriving a unique system of weights which allowed to estimate in an efficient way and simultaneously many study parameters. Applications on real and simulated survey data showed its high efficiency. This …

EstimationStatistics::TheoryComputer scienceConsistency (statistics)B-splineLinear regressionStatisticsStatistics::MethodologySurvey data collectionEstimatorSurvey samplingNonparametric regression
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Etna International Training School of Geochemistry, 2018. Science meets practice.

2018

Mount Etna, located in eastern Sicily, is the largest stratovolcano in Europe and one of the most intensely degassing volcanoes of the world (Allard et al., 1991; Gerlach, 1991). In particular, previous estimates highlighted that Mt Etna emits about 1.6 % of global H2O fluxes from arc volcanism (Aiuppa et al., 2008) and 10 % of global average volcanic emission of CO2 and SO2 (D’Alessandro et al., 1997; Caltabiano et al., 2004). Furthermore, Gauthier and Le Cloarec (1998) underscored that Mt. Etna is an important source of volcanic particles, having a mass flux of particle passively released from the volcano during non-eruptive period estimated between 7 to 23 tons/day (Martin et al., 2008; …

Etna training school direct sampling remote sensingSettore GEO/08 - Geochimica E Vulcanologia
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Taking Advantage of Selective Change Driven Processing for 3D Scanning

2013

This article deals with the application of the principles of SCD (Selective Change Driven) vision to 3D laser scanning. Two experimental sets have been implemented: one with a classical CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) sensor, and the other one with a recently developed CMOS SCD sensor for comparative purposes, both using the technique known as Active Triangulation. An SCD sensor only delivers the pixels that have changed most, ordered by the magnitude of their change since their last readout. The 3D scanning method is based on the systematic search through the entire image to detect pixels that exceed a certain threshold, showing the SCD approach to be ideal for this applicat…

Event-based visionLaser scanningComputer scienceTransducers3d scanninglcsh:Chemical technologySensitivity and SpecificityBiochemistryArticleAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionPhotometryPhotometry (optics)Imaging Three-DimensionallawInformàticaNyquist–Shannon sampling theoremComputer visionlcsh:TP1-11853D scanningElectrical and Electronic Engineeringhigh-speed visual acquisitionInstrumentationPixelbusiness.industryLasers3D reconstructionReproducibility of ResultsSignal Processing Computer-AssistedEquipment DesignImage EnhancementLaserAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsEquipment Failure AnalysisTransducerSemiconductorsCMOSArtificial intelligencebusinessHigh-speed visual acquisitionevent-based visionSensors
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On thermoeconomics of energy systems at variable load conditions: integrated optimization of plant design and operation

2007

Abstract Thermoeconomics has been assuming a growing role among the disciplines oriented to the analysis of energy systems, its different methodologies allowing solution of problems in the fields of cost accounting, plant design optimisation and diagnostic of malfunctions. However, the thermoeconomic methodologies as such are particularly appropriate to analyse large industrial systems at steady or quasi-steady operation, but they can be hardly applied to small to medium scale units operating in unsteady conditions to cover a variable energy demand. In this paper, the fundamentals of thermoeconomics for systems operated at variable load are discussed, examining the cost formation process an…

ExergyEngineeringPrimary energyRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryThermoeconomics has been assuming a growing role among the disciplines oriented to the analysis of energy systems its different methodologies allowing solution of problems in the fields of cost accounting plant design optimisation and diagnostic of malfunctions. However the thermoeconomic methodologies as such are particularly appropriate to analyse large industrial systems at steady or quasisteady operation but they can be hardly applied to small to medium scale units operating in unsteady conditions to cover a variable energy demand. In this paper the fundamentals of thermoeconomics for systems operated at variable load are discussed examining the cost formation process and separately the cost fractions related to capital depreciation (which require additional distinctions with respect to plants in steady operation) and to exergy consumption. The relevant effects of the efficiency penalty due to off design operation on the exergetic cost of internal flows are also examined. An original algorithm is proposed for the integrated optimization of plant design and operation based on an analytical solution by the Lagrange multipliers method and on a multi-objective decision function expressed either in terms of net cash flow or primary energy saving. The method is suitable for application in complex energy systems such as ‘‘facilities of components of a same product’’ connected to external networks for power or heat distribution. For demonstrative purposes the proposed thermoeconomically aided optimization is performed for a grid connected trigeneration system to be installed in a large hotel.Energy Engineering and Power TechnologyCost accountingThermoeconomicsGridEnergy conservationVariable (computer science)symbols.namesakeFuel TechnologyNuclear Energy and EngineeringLagrange multipliersymbolsProcess engineeringbusinessSimulation
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The relationship between online vigilance and affective well-being in everyday life: Combining smartphone logging with experience sampling

2021

Contains fulltext : 220301.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Through communication technology, users find themselves constantly connected to others to such an extent that they routinely develop a mindset of connectedness. This mindset has been defined as online vigilance. Although there is a large body of research on media use and well-being, the question of how online vigilance impacts well-being remains unanswered. In this preregistered study, we combine experience sampling and smartphone logging to address the relation of online vigilance and affective well-being in everyday life. Seventy-five Android users answered eight daily surveys over five days (N = 1615) whilst having their…

Experience sampling methodBehaviour Change and Well-beingSocial PsychologySocial connectednessCommunicationmedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciencesLoggingApplied psychology050801 communication & media studies050109 social psychologySocial DevelopmentCommunication and Media0508 media and communicationsInformation and Communications TechnologyWell-beingLife Science0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesInformationSystems_MISCELLANEOUSPsychologyEveryday lifeApplied PsychologyVigilance (psychology)media_common
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Concurrent and lagged effects of counterdispositional extraversion on vitality

2020

Abstract There are two contrasting perspectives on the effects of state extraversion. One states that people benefit from behaving extraverted, regardless of their level of trait extraversion. The second entails that behaving concordant to one’s trait is natural while deviations from the trait level— counterdispositional behaviors—are effortful to maintain, leading to mental fatigue. We test the possibility that both perspectives are correct, with beneficial effects of high state extraversion showing immediately, while the depleting counterdispositional effects are delayed. Experience sampling data from 67 employees (N = 1,664), shows that extraverted behaviors are associated with high leve…

Experience sampling methodExtraversion and introversionSocial PsychologyMental fatiguepersonality dynamicsVitalityvitalityDevelopmental psychologywellbeingextraversioncounterdispositional behaviorTraitWithin- and between- person personalityPsychologycurvilinear relationshipsPsychology(all)Beneficial effectsGeneral PsychologyJournal of Research in Personality
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Ecological Sampling Methods for Studying Everyday Situations

2017

This chapter reviews existing and emerging methodologies for the ambulatory assessment of real-world situations. It distinguishes between first-person/subjective and third-person/objective approaches and provides research examples for each reviewed ecological assessment method. The chapter opens with a discussion of why it is important to assess situations directly in daily life. The following two main sections review approaches for (a) the first-person assessment of real-world situation experiences and perceptions, such as experience sampling and daily diary approaches, and (b) the third-person assessment of objective real-world situation cues, such as naturalistic observation and mobile s…

Experience sampling methodNaturalistic observationApplied psychologyMobile sensingDaily diaryPsychologySocial psychology
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Everyday dynamics in generalized social and political trust

2017

Abstract We applied the traits as density distributions of states approach to generalized expectations of trustworthiness, namely, social trust and trust in politicians. Using an experience sampling study (N = 47), we assessed state social trust and trust in politicians four times a day for 2 weeks. Within-person variability was found to be low but meaningful as it was predicted by variations in affect, interactional trust, and prior experiences. There was high stability in interindividual differences in the mean levels of state trustworthiness expectations and in the levels of within-person variability. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of stability and variability in genera…

Experience sampling methodSocial Psychology05 social sciences050109 social psychologyAffect (psychology)Stability (probability)050105 experimental psychologyPoliticsTrustworthinessDynamics (music)0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesPsychologySocial psychologyGeneral PsychologySocial trustJournal of Research in Personality
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Self-Control Dynamics in Daily Life: The Importance of Variability Between Self-Regulatory Strategies and Strategy Differentiation

2021

Research on self-control has increasingly acknowledged the importance of self-regulatory strategies, with strategies in earlier stages of the developing tempting impulse thought to be more effective than strategies in later stages. However, recent research on emotion regulation has moved away from assuming that some strategies are per se and across situations more adaptive than others. Instead, strategy use that is variable to fit situational demands is considered more adaptive. In the present research, we transfer this dynamic process perspective to self-regulatory strategies in the context of persistence conflicts. We investigated eight indicators of strategy use (i.e., strategy intensit…

Experience sampling methodSocial Psychology10093 Institute of Psychologymedia_common.quotation_subject05 social sciences050109 social psychologySelf-control050105 experimental psychologyDynamics (music)Impulse (psychology)0501 psychology and cognitive sciences150 PsychologyPsychologymedia_commonCognitive psychologyEuropean Journal of Personality
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The role of study engagement in university students' daily experiences: A multilevel test of moderation

2019

The present study investigated the dynamic nature of students' daily experiences and general study engagement using intra-individual assessment. More specifically, we examined individual differences in the relationship between university students' task-specific value and situational emotions and, further, whether first-year study engagement would moderate this association during the first two years of studies. Intra-individual state assessments were conducted via mobile phone-based experience sampling method (ESM) during participants' first (N = 72) and second (N = 56) academic years, resulting in 3089 and 2912 fully completed state questionnaires. In both years, students were asked five ti…

Experience sampling methodSocial PsychologyContext (language use)BurnoutStructural equation modelingEducationDevelopmental psychologysituational emotionsDaily experiencesDevelopmental and Educational Psychology0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesuniversity studentsSituational ethicstask-specific valueta515study engagementAcademic year4. Education05 social sciences050301 educationsitoutuminenModerationUniversity studentsTest (assessment)Task-specific valueopiskelukokemuksetSituational emotionskorkeakouluopiskelu516 Educational sciencesPsychologyStudy engagement0503 educationdaily experiences050104 developmental & child psychologyLearning and Individual Differences
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