Search results for " Scattering"

showing 10 items of 6840 documents

Supercontinuum Generation and Intermodal Four-Wave Mixing in a Step-Index Few-Mode Fibre

2019

International audience; The complex spatiotemporal dynamics of nonlinear light propagation in multimode fibers (MMFs) has recently witnessed a renewed interest because of their experimental realization in emerging key areas of laser physics and fiber optics [1]. Specifically, MMFs have a number of linear and nonlinear optical properties that make them very attractive to investigate new spatiotemporal effects fundamentally different from standard single-mode fibers. These include the observation of multimode solitons [2], intermodal four-wave mixing (FWM) [3], geometric parametric instabilities [4], spatial beam self-cleaning [5], and the generation of supercontinuum (SC) light when pumping …

lcsh:Applied optics. Photonics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Optical fiberMaterials scienceSilica fiber[SPI.OPTI] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicComputer Networks and CommunicationsPhysics::Optics02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention[SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials010309 opticsFour-wave mixingsymbols.namesakelaw0103 physical sciences[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]010306 general physicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multi-mode optical fiberSidebandbusiness.industrylcsh:TA1501-1820021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyQ-switchingAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsSupercontinuumWavelengthPicosecondsymbols[SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / PhotonicOptoelectronics[ SPI.OPTI ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic0210 nano-technologybusinessRaman scattering
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Fabrication-friendly polarization-sensitive plasmonic grating for optimal surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

2020

Plasmonic nanostructures are widely utilized in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) from ultraviolet to near-infrared applications. Periodic nanoplasmonic systems such as plasmonic gratings are of great interest as SERS-active substrates due to their strong polarization dependence and ease of fabrication. In this work, we modelled a silver grating that manifests a subradiant plasmonic resonance as a dip in its reflectivity with significant near-field enhancement only for transverse-magnetic (TM) polarization of light. We investigated the role of its fill factor, commonly defined as a ratio between the width of the grating groove and the grating period, on the SERS enhancement. We des…

lcsh:Applied optics. Photonicssurface-enhanced Raman scatteringplasmonic gratingPhysics::OpticsPlasmonic gratinglcsh:TA1501-1820fill factorpintaplasmonitnanorakenteetFill factorplasmoniikkalcsh:QC350-467Surface-enhanced Raman scatteringPhysics::Atomic Physicslcsh:Optics. LightJournal of the European Optical Society-Rapid Publications
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Physicochemical Properties of A New PEGylated Polybenzofulvene Brush for Drug Encapsulation

2019

A new polymer brush was synthesized by spontaneous polymerization of benzofulvene macromonomer 6-MOEG-9-T-BF3k bearing a nona(ethylene glycol) side chain linked to the 3-phenylindene scaffold by means of a triazole heterocycle. The polymer structure was studied by SEC-MALS, NMR spectroscopy, and MALDI-TOF MS techniques, and the results supported the role of oligomeric initiatory species in the spontaneous polymerization of polybenzofulvene derivatives. The aggregation features of high molecular weight poly-6-MOEG-9-T-BF3k-FE were investigated by pyrene fluorescence analysis, dynamic light scattering studies, and transmission electron microscopy, which suggested a tendency towards the format…

lcsh:RS1-441Pharmaceutical ScienceAffinity polymerization; Drug delivery systems; Grafting through; Nanocarrier; PEGylation; Polybenzofulvene; Spontaneous polymerization02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryPolymer brush01 natural sciencesArticlelcsh:Pharmacy and materia medicadrug delivery systemschemistry.chemical_compoundDynamic light scatteringSide chaindrug delivery systemchemistry.chemical_classificationaffinity polymerizationgrafting throughpolybenzofulvenePEGylationPolymer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyMacromonomer0104 chemical sciencesspontaneous polymerizationPolymerizationchemistryChemical engineeringPEGylation; grafting through; polybenzofulvene; nanocarrier; drug delivery systems; spontaneous polymerization; anity polymerizationDrug deliverynanocarrier0210 nano-technologyEthylene glycolPharmaceutics
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Rayleigh Equation Anomaloscope from Commercially Available LEDs

2012

Most precise classification of CVD (color vision deficits) can be provided by using anomaloscope. Today anomaloscopes are available, which can evaluate red-green (Rayleigh) and blue-green (Moreland) color defects.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.18.2.1928

lcsh:TN1-997Materials scienceLEDsbusiness.industryColor visionanomaloscopeRayleigh equationAnomaloscopelaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeOpticslawsymbolsPWMGeneral Materials ScienceRayleigh scatteringRayleigh matchbusinesslcsh:Mining engineering. Metallurgycolor vision deficitsLight-emitting diodeMaterials Science
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“SmartGlass” Obstacles for Dynamic Inducing of Light Scattering in Vision Research Experiments

2017

We describe a technique that allows control of visual stimuli quality through the use of a setup with a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film positioned in the optical pathway of one or both human eyes. Nowadays, PDLC films allow alteration of the resolution and contrast limits of the transmitted light due to continuous change in the light scattering that is obtained by the application of an AC electrical field. In our experimental setup, the use of a wide-aperture up to area of 20 x 15 cm2 PDLC sheet is combined with a flat-screen PC display or with a modified display emission block without its interference filter unit and with an installed individually controllable colored light-em…

lcsh:TN1-997Materials sciencevisual perception.LED monitors Arduino interfaces polymer disperse liquid crystals light scattering visual perceptionBacklightlight scattering01 natural sciencesLight scatteringlaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticslaw0103 physical sciencesGeneral Materials ScienceLED monitorslcsh:Mining engineering. MetallurgyDiode010302 applied physicsInterference filterScatteringbusiness.industrypolymer disperse liquid crystals030221 ophthalmology & optometrybusinessArduino interfacesLow voltageLight-emitting diodeVoltageMedžiagotyra
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Spectroscopic and Structural Investigation of the Confinement of D and L Dimethyl Tartrate in Lecithin Reverse Micelles

2009

The confinement of D and L dimethyl tartrate in lecithin reverse micelles dispersed in cyclohexane has been investigated by FT-IR, polarimetry, electronic and vibrational circular dichroism (ECD and VCD), 1H NMR, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Measurements have been performed at room temperature as a function of the solubilizate-to-surfactant molar ratio (R) at fixed lecithin concentration. The analysis of experimental data indicates that the dimethyl tartrate molecules are solubilized within reverse micelles in proximity to the surfactant head groups in the same way for the D and L forms. The encapsulation of dimethyl tatrate within lecithin reverse micelles involves changes in i…

lecithin dimethyl tartrate FT-IR polarimetry circular dichroism NMR SAXSfood.ingredientCyclohexanemicellesTartrateLecithinMicellePolyethylene Glycolschemistry.chemical_compoundfoodLecithinsMaterials ChemistryOrganic chemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryTartratesModels StatisticalDose-Response Relationship DrugChemistry PhysicalViscosityChemistrySmall-angle X-ray scatteringTemperaturetechnology industry and agricultureElasticitySurfaces Coatings and FilmslecithinModels ChemicalSpectrophotometryVibrational circular dichroismMicellar solutionsPhosphatidylcholinesProton NMRPhysical chemistrylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Rheologydimethyl tartrate
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Seasonal Modulation of the $^7$Be Solar Neutrino Rate in Borexino

2017

We detected the seasonal modulation of the $^7$Be neutrino interaction rate with the Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. The period, amplitude, and phase of the observed time evolution of the signal are consistent with its solar origin, and the absence of an annual modulation is rejected at 99.99\% C.L. The data are analyzed using three methods: the sinusoidal fit, the Lomb-Scargle and the Empirical Mode Decomposition techniques, which all yield results in excellent agreement.

liquid scintillators detectorsPhysics - Instrumentation and Detectorsexperimental methodsneutrino: solarPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsSolar neutrinolow background detectorsSolar neutrinos01 natural sciencesflux: time dependenceneutrino: fluxHigh Energy Physics - ExperimentHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Liquid scintillators detectors; Low background detectors; Neutrino oscillations; Solar neutrinos; Astronomy and Astrophysics[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]Borexinoneutrino: interactionMSW effectPhysicsNeutrino oscillationsDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)neutrino electron: elastic scatteringmodulationAmplitudeModulationsolar neutrinosBorexinoNeutrinoLiquid scintillators detectorFLUXLow background detectordata analysis methodNeutrino oscillationFOS: Physical sciencesSolar neutrinoNuclear physicsTIME-SERIES ANALYSIS[ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]Low background detectorsLiquid scintillators detectorsSEARCH0103 physical sciences[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]SPACED DATA010306 general physicsNeutrino oscillationbackground: radioactivityneutrino oscillations010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsEMPIRICAL MODE DECOMPOSITIONberylliumGran SassoHigh Energy Physics::Experimentneutrino: oscillationEvent (particle physics)experimental results
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Dynamics of supercooled confined water measured by deep inelastic neutron scattering

2017

In this paper, we present the results of deep inelastic neutron scattering (DINS) measurements on supercooled water confined within the pores (average pore diameter ~ 20 Å) of a disordered hydrophilic silica matrix obtained through hydrolysis and polycondensation of the alkoxide precursor Tetra-Methyl-Ortho-Silicate via the sol-gel method. Experiments were performed at two temperatures (250 K and 210 K, i.e., before and after the putative liquid–liquid transition of supercooled confined water) on a “wet” sample with hydration h ~ 40% w/w, which is high enough to have water-filled pores but low enough to avoid water crystallization. A virtually “dry” sample at h ~ 7% was also inve…

liquid-liquid transitionMaterials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)HydrogenThermodynamicschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyNeutron scatteringKinetic energy01 natural sciencesInelastic neutron scatteringMomentumchemistry.chemical_compoundsilica xerogelconfined water0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsSupercoolingliquid–liquid transitionSettore FIS/07021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyconfined water; hydrogen mean kinetic energy; liquid–liquid transition; silica xerogel; Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)chemistryhydrogen mean kinetic energyAlkoxideWater of crystallization0210 nano-technology
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Experimental evidence for a liquid-liquid crossover in deeply cooled confined water.

2014

International audience; In this work we investigate, by means of elastic neutron scattering, the pressure dependence of mean square displacements (MSD) of hydrogen atoms of deeply cooled water confined in the pores of a three-dimensional disordered SiO 2 xerogel; experiments have been performed at 250 and 210 K from atmospheric pressure to 1200 bar. The " pressure anomaly " of supercooled water (i.e., a mean square displacement increase with increasing pressure) is observed in our sample at both temperatures; however, contrary to previous simulation results and to the experimental trend observed in bulk water, the pressure effect is smaller at lower (210 K) than at higher (250 K) temperatur…

liquid-liquid transitionPhase transitionPACS: 64.70.Ja 64.70.pm 25.40.DnMaterials scienceNeutron diffractionGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsNeutron scatteringSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaPhase TransitionNuclear magnetic resonanceWater Movementsglass transitionElastic neutron scattering[PHYS.COND]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]SupercoolingElastic neutron scattering; calorimetry; glass transition; liquid-liquid transitionAtmospheric pressure[SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM]Calorimetry Differential ScanningWaterSilicon DioxideSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Cold Temperature[SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM]Neutron DiffractionModels ChemicalGlass transitioncalorimetryHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsAmbient pressureBar (unit)HydrogenPhysical review letters
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The boson peak of deeply cooled confined water reveals the existence of a low-temperature liquid-liquid crossover.

2014

International audience; The Boson peak of deeply cooled water confined in the pores of a silica xerogel is studied by inelastic neutron scattering at different hydration levels to separate the contributions from matrix, water on the pore surfaces and "internal" water. Our results reveal that at high hydration level, where the contribution from internal water is dominant, the temperature dependence of the Boson peak intensity shows an inflection point at about 225 K. The complementary use of differential scanning calorimetry to describe the thermodynamics of the system allows identifying the inflection point as the signature of a water liquid-liquid crossover.

liquid-liquid transition[SDV.BBM.BS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM]CrossovereducationGeneral Physics and Astronomyinelastic neutron scatteringInelastic neutron scatteringSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaMatrix (geology)Differential scanning calorimetryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsCondensed matter physicsCalorimetry Differential Scanning[SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM]ChemistrySolvationwater anomalieWaterSilicon DioxideSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Cold Temperaturewater anomalies; differential scanning calorimetry; inelastic neutron scattering; liquid-liquid transitionInflection pointChemical physicsThermodynamicsBoson peakdifferential scanning calorimetryGelsPorosityIntensity (heat transfer)
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