Search results for " Scientific knowledge"
showing 10 items of 53 documents
Sobre cómo el conocimiento científico intenta aproximarse a la realidad
2012
A partir de la creencia errónea de que el conocimiento científico ofrece un cuadro detallado del mundo en que vivimos y muestra los caminos para adentrarnos en él, en este trabajo se analizan las estructuras y los procesos de la ciência para permitir vislumbrar cómo se produce el acercamiento de la ciência a la realidad. En concreto, se examinan teorías, conceptos, modelos y explicaciones científicas desde bases epistemologicas que se fundamentan en la história de la ciência. Se concluye que las construcciones teoricas de los científicos, que siempre son provisionales, les permiten aproximarse al mundo real y avanzar en sus programas de investigación, pero son independientes de la realidad …
Nuovo realismo e metodi di ricerca misti
2014
Il nuovo realismo ha evidenziato i limiti del costruttivismo sociale e del cosiddetto «pensiero debole», che rischia di sfociare nel nichilismo. Sono stati recentemente rimossi dei pregiudizi che impedivano di cogliere la realtà dei fatti educativi nella sua concreta evidenza. Tuttavia un’apertura alla prospettiva metafisica offrirebbe al nuovo realismo ulteriori spazi epistemologici. In tale senso il contributo del realismo critico potrebbe aiutare a superare l’artificiosa antinomia tra il ruolo attivo del soggetto conoscente e la rilevazione oggettiva dei fatti educativi. Se si realizzasse questa apertura la conoscenza scientifica e la conoscenza corrente non sarebbero più viste come anti…
Does it take two to tango? Factors related to the ease of societal uptake of scientific knowledge
2016
Science policy increasingly focuses on maximising societal benefits from science and technology investments, but often reduces those benefits to activities involving codifying and selling knowledge, thereby idealising best practice academic behaviours around entrepreneurial superstars. This paper argues that societal value depends on knowledge being used, making knowledge's eventual exploitation partly dependent upon on whether other users-societal or scientific-can use that knowledge (i.e. on how far new knowledge is cognate with users' existing knowledge). When scientists incorporate user knowledge into their research processes, what we call 'open research behaviours', their knowledge may…
Splash erosion: A review with unanswered questions
2017
66 Pags.- 1 Tabl.- 7 Figs. The definitive version is available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00128252
Two-year retrospective analysis of the international impact of Journal of Optometry: part II
2011
The Journal of Optometry – Peer-reviewed Journal of the Spanish General Council of Optometrists- was launched in March 2008 publishing the first issue by September 2008. It is now reaching 2.5 years of activity in spreading clinical and scientific knowledge in the field of Optometry and Visual Science and related areas. Despite this short path within the international scientific publication scenario, it is appropriate to stop and reflect about the challenges, achievements and the numbers that are making J Optom a reference in this competitive area. In this editorial we will discuss the steps followed to setup the journal and the actual international impact in terms of audience from the read…
Cross-boundary and cross-discipline creation of scientific knowledge. The case of economic anthropology/ business ethnography
2018
This paper aims to show business ethnography, or economic anthropology, as a field of science that is interdisciplinary in theoretical, methodological and subjective terms, i.e. it makes use of sociology and management sciences. What this means in practice is that it is simultaneously regarded a part of sociology, social and cultural anthropology, and management sciences. Additionally, this paper addresses the fusion of science and business in case of an ethnographer as an entrepreneur. The paper presents theoretical considerations of the new entrepreneurship model for collecting knowledge based on ethnographical research. It recommends ethnographic study as the most appropriate approach fo…
User Psychology: Re-assessing the Boundaries of a Discipline
2010
Currently, efforts of psychologists to improve interactive technology have fragmented and the systemization of scientific knowledge stalled. There is no home for integrative psychological research on computer use. In this programmatic paper, we reassess three meta-scientific issues defining this discipline. As the first step, we pro- pose to extend the subject of study from the analysis of human mind in the interaction to the broader view of human as an intentional user of interactive technology. Hence, the discipline is most aptly called user psychology. Secondly, problem-solving epistemology is advocated as an alternative to the notion from natural sciences that progress in science involv…
Impacto de la Sociedad del Conocimiento en la universidad y en la comunicación científica
2014
A la largo de las dos últimas décadas y como resultado de la introducción y uso intensivo de las tecnologías de la información y del conocimiento en general y de internet en particular, la universidad esta viviendo un proceso de transformación complejo que afecta a sus estructuras académicas y organizativas así como también a su concepción de metodología docente. Las TIC han evidenciado la necesidad de establecer estrategias de coherencia institucional en su uso y aplicación, así como la posibilidad de ampliar los ámbitos de acción institucional y el acceso masivo a la formación superior. Y todo ello pone de manifiesto el cambio existente de un modelo de formación basado en la transmisión d…
Is small and medium-sized beautiful? The structure and evolution of family SMEs research
2021
PurposeThe field of scientific research on small and medium-sized family businesses has been growing exponentially and the aim of this paper is to systematize the body of knowledge to develop an agenda for the future.Design/methodology/approachAdopting comparative bibliometric analyses on 155 articles (from 1989 until 2018) the authors provide a systematic assessment of the scientific research about small family firms, unveiling the structure and evolution of the field. Bibliographic coupling, co-citation analysis and co-occurrence analysis are adopted to identify the most influential studies and themes.FindingsFour clusters of research are reviewed: succession in family SMEs, performances …
Convergences and divergences between scientific and Indigenous and Local Knowledge contribute to inform carnivore conservation
2021
There is increasing recognition that diverse knowledge systems can work in mutually enriching ways and that Indigenous and Local Knowledge (ILK) can enhance biodiversity conservation. However, studies using scientific knowledge and ILK in a complementary manner, and acknowledging convergent and especially divergent insights have remained limited. In this study, we contrasted proxies of abundances and trends of threatened and conflict-prone carnivores (caracal, cheetah, jackal, lion, leopard, spotted hyaena, striped hyaena) derived separately from scientific knowledge and ILK. We conducted camera trapping, track surveys and semi-structured interviews with local pastoralists from northern Ken…