Search results for " Screening"

Evaluating a Two-Level vs. Three-Level Fall Risk Screening Algorithm for Predicting Falls Among Older Adults

2020

Background and Objectives: Falls account for the highest proportion of preventable injury among older adults. Thus, the United States' Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed the Stopping Elderly Accidents, Deaths, and Injuries (STEADI) algorithm to screen for fall risk. We referred to our STEADI algorithm adaptation as “Quick-STEADI” and compared the predictive abilities of the three-level (low, moderate, and high risk) and two-level (at-risk and not at-risk) Quick-STEADI algorithms. We additionally assessed the qualitative implementation of the Quick-STEADI algorithm in clinical settings. Research Design and Methods: We followed a prospective cohort (N = 200) of adults …

Dépistage du cancer du sein : en route vers le futur

2016

Breast cancer remains a potentially lethal disease, which requires aggressive treatments and is associated with long-term consequences. Its prognosis is linked to both tumor biology and burden at diagnosis. Although treatments have allowed important improvements in prognosis over the past 20 years, breast cancer screening remains necessary. Mammographic screening allows earlier stage diagnoses and a decrease of breast cancer specific mortality. However, breast cancer screening modalities should be revised with the objective to address demonstrated limitations of mammographic screening (limited benefit, imperfect sensitivity and specificity, overdiagnoses, radiation-induced morbidity). Furth…

Predicting risk and outcomes for frail older adults: a protocol for an umbrella review of available frailty screening tools

2015

REVIEW QUESTION / OBJECTIVE  The aim of this systematic review is to comprehensively search the available literature and to summarize the best available evidence from systematic reviews in relation to published screening tools to identify pre-frailty and frailty in older adults, that is: (i) to determine their psychometric proprieties; (ii) to assess their capacity to detect pre-frail and frail conditions against established methods; and (iii) to evaluate their predictive ability. More specifically, the review will focus on the following questions: - What is the reliability and validity of existing screening tools that assess pre-frailty/frailty in older patients? - How sensitive and specif…

European transnational ecological deprivation index and participation in population-based breast cancer screening programmes in France.

2013

Abstract Background We investigated factors explaining low breast cancer screening programme (BCSP) attendance taking into account a European transnational ecological Deprivation Index. Patients and methods Data of 13,565 women aged 51–74 years old invited to attend an organised mammography screening session between 2010 and 2011 in thirteen French departments were randomly selected. Information on the women's participation in BCSP, their individual characteristics and the characteristics of their area of residence were recorded and analysed in a multilevel model. Results Between 2010 and 2012, 7121 (52.5%) women of the studied population had their mammography examination after they receive…

Effectiveness of patient-targeted interventions to increase cancer screening participation in rural areas: A systematic review.

2019

Abstract Background Cancer is a major public health problem worldwide. The GLOBOCAN estimated 18.1 million new cases of cancer and 9.6 million deaths from cancer in 2018. In some of the more frequent cancers, mortality can be significantly reduced through cancer screening programs. Nevertheless, socially disadvantaged groups have difficulties in benefitting from these screening programs, especially rural populations. Objective To identify, characterize and summarize patient-targeted interventions aimed at increasing cancer screening participation among rural populations. Methods An exhaustive literature search was performed in the most relevant bibliographic databases for biomedical researc…

SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Screening in Healthcare Workers in Non-Infectious Hospitals in Two Different Regions of Southern Poland (Upper Silesia and Opole …

2021

(1) Background: Detection of asymptomatic or subclinical human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers (HCWs) is crucial for understanding the overall prevalence of the new coronavirus and its infection potential in public (non-infectious) healthcare units with emergency wards. (2) Methods: We evaluated the host serologic responses, measured with semi-quantitative ELISA tests (IgA, IgG, IgM abs) in sera of 90 individuals in Hospital no. 4 in Bytom, 84 HCWs in the University Hospital in Opole and 25 in a Miasteczko Śląskie local surgery. All volunteers had negative RT-PCR test results or had not had the RT-PCR test performed within 30 days before sampling. The ELISA test was m…

Synthesis, computational docking and biological evaluation of celastrol derivatives as dual inhibitors of SERCA and P-glycoprotein in cancer therapy.

2021

Abstract A series of eleven celastrol derivatives was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic activities against six human cancer cell lines (A549, HepG2, HepAD38, PC3, DLD-1 Bax-Bak WT and DKO) and three human normal cells (LO2, BEAS-2B, CCD19Lu). To our knowledge, six derivatives were the first example of dipeptide celastrol derivatives. Among them, compound 3 was the most promising derivative, as it exhibited a remarkable anti-proliferative activity and improved selectivity in liver cancer HepAD38 versus human normal hepatocytes, LO2. Compound 6 showed higher selectivity in liver cancer cells against human normal lung fibroblasts, CCD19Lu cell line. The Ca2+ mob…

Parthenolide sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma cells to trail by inducing the expression of death receptors through inhibition of STAT3 activation

2011

This article shows that HepG2, Hep3B, and SK-Hep1 cells, three lines of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, are resistant to apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Parthenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone found in European feverfew, has been shown to exert both anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. This article demonstrates that co-treatment with parthenolide and TRAIL-induced apoptosis with synergistic interactions in the three lines of HCC cells. In order to explain these effects we ascertained that parthenolide increased either at protein or mRNA level the total content of death receptors TRAIL-R1 and -R2 as well as their surfac…

MOLECULAR DYNAMICS - MULTIPLE RECEPTOR CONFORMATIONS APPROACH TO ENHANCE STRUCTURE-BASED VIRTUAL SCREENING ON PPAR-alpha RECEPTOR

2016

Infrared based saliva screening test for COVID‐19

2021

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in an unprecedented need for diagnostic testing that is critical in controlling the spread of COVID-19. We propose a portable infrared spectrometer with purpose-built transflection accessory for rapid point-of-care detection of COVID-19 markers in saliva. Initially, purified virion particles were characterized with Raman spectroscopy, synchrotron infrared (IR) and AFM-IR. A data set comprising 171 transflection infrared spectra from 29 subjects testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR and 28 testing negative, was modeled using Monte Carlo Double Cross Validation with 50 randomized test and model sets. The testing se…