Search results for " Side Effects"
showing 10 items of 123 documents
Polar drug residues in sewage and natural waters in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
1999
The drug residues of lipid regulators, anti-inflammatories and some drug metabolites have been detected in raw sewage, treated waste water and river water in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. These residues are mainly derived from humans via excretion. The median concentrations in the effluents of sewage treatment plants (STPs) of most drugs investigated in this study ranged from 0.1 to 1 microgram/l. The removal rates of individual drugs during passage through a Brazilian STP varied from 12 to 90%. As a consequence of the incomplete removal of these residues during passage through a STP, rivers were also found to be contaminated. Median concentrations ranged from between 0.02 and 0.04 m…
Semi-automatic quantitative RT-PCR to measure CYP induction by drugs in human hepatocytes
2003
An assay has been developed for the quantitative measurement of CYP mRNA content of the major human isoforms (1A1, 1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4 and 3A5) in human hepatocytes. The method is based on the conversion of mRNAs into their corresponding cDNAs, followed by PCR amplification using appropriate primers. Making use of appropriate internal and external standards it is possible to estimate changes in CYP mRNA content of hepatocytes. The technique has been standardised to run semi-automatically. This procedure can be used to assess the CYP induction potential of new pharmaceuticals at a pre-clinical stage of development. To this aim, human hepatocytes obtained from functional l…
Effectiveness of substituting cyclosporin A with tacrolimus in reducing gingival overgrowth in renal transplant patients
2009
Objectives: this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of periodontal therapy combined with tacrolimus in the suppression of gingival overgrowth (GO) and the effect on GO of changing from cyclosporin A to tacrolimus. Patients and methods: sixteen renal transplant patients, averaging 52 years of age, whose kidney function was stable and were receiving treatment with cyclosporin A, were randomly assigned to one of two groups. In the experimental group, patients were instructed in oral hygiene and underwent periodontal treatment, whereas in the control group, only oral hygiene instructions were given. After the first visit and the change of medication from cyclosporine to tacrolimus in both…
Efficacy and safety of tafluprost 0.0015% and timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combination in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma.
2014
Lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) is at present the only therapeutic approach to the treatment of glaucoma proven to be successful. The choice of therapy must take into account efficacy, tolerability, safety, quality of life, adherence and cost. Monotherapy fails to achieve a satisfactory IOP reduction in 40 - 75% of glaucoma patients after2 years of therapy. So far, three prostaglandin/timolol maleate 0.5% fixed combinations (FCs) are available.This review provides a background on the tafluprost-timolol FC (TTFC, Santen Oy) and its individual compounds. It summarizes the data on efficacy and safety, including comparative data with prostaglandin/timolol FCs already available.Tafluprost is…
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a case-controlled study.
2005
Background & Aims: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) currently is used as a palliative treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its efficacy still is debated. Our aim was to assess the impact of TACE on patient survival and to identify prognostic factors for survival. Methods: Fifty-six cirrhotic patients with unresectable HCC undergoing at least :1 course of TACE were matched 1:1. for sex, age (in 5-year periods), parameters of Child-Pugh score, Okuda stage, and tumor type with a control group who had received only supportive care. Results: The 2 groups were comparable for cause of cirrhosis, alpha-fetoprotein serum levels, and Cancer of th…
Both cholestatic and steatotic drugs trigger extensive alterations in the mRNA level of biliary transporters in rat hepatocytes: Application to devel…
2016
Disruption of the vectorial bile acid transport in the liver is a key feature of cholestatic drugs, although many causal and mechanistic aspects are still unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore if cholestatic drugs can repress or induce the expression of hepatic transporters. To this end, sandwich-cultured rat hepatocytes were treated with cholestatic and non-cholestatic (steatotic, non-hepatotoxic, etc.) drugs and the mRNA expression of 10 uptake and efflux biliary transporters was measured. Results evidenced that all cholestatic drugs cause extensive alterations in the mRNA expression of most biliary transporters. Surprisingly, nearly all steatotic drugs also affected the ex…
Daptomycin for children in clinical practice experience
2016
Data on daptomycin use in the pediatric setting are scanty. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study on 46 children treated with intravenous daptomycin at a mean dosage of 7.0 mg/kg/d, for a median of 14 days. Three children had adverse events possibly related to daptomycin. The drug was overall well tolerated, even with prolonged treatment.
Management of Oral Anti-Coagulation in Patients with Heart Failure-Insights from the ThrombEVAL Study
2018
AbstractPatients with heart failure (HF) are frequently anti-coagulated with vitamin K-antagonists (VKAs). The use of long-acting VKA may be preferable for HF patients due to higher stability of plasma concentrations. However, evidence on phenprocoumon-based oral anti-coagulation (OAC) therapy in HF is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the presence of HF on quality of phenprocoumon-based OAC and the subsequent clinical outcome. Quality of OAC therapy and the incidence of adverse events were analysed in a cohort of regular care (n = 2,011) from the multi-centre thrombEVAL study program (NCT01809015) stratified by the presence of HF. To assess the modifiability of outc…
Advanced age is an independent risk factor for severe infections and mortality in patients given anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy for inflammatory …
2011
See related article, Oostlander AE et al, on page 116 in Gastroenterology. BACKGROUND & AIMS: Few data are available on effects of biologic therapies in patients more than 65 years old with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We evaluated the risk and benefits of therapy with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors in these patients. METHODS: We collected data from patients with IBD treated with infliximab (n 2475) and adalimumab (n 604) from 2000 to 2009 at 16 tertiary centers. Ninety-five patients (3%) were more than 65 years old (52 men; 37 with ulcerative colitis and 58 with Crohn’s disease; 78 treated with infliximab and 17 with adalimumab). The control group comprised 190 patients 65 yea…
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters as biomarkers for the effect of vatalanib in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer.
2014
ABSTRACT: Aims: To assess the utility of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters in the demonstration of early antiangiogenic effects and as prognostic biomarkers in second-line treatment of advanced-stage non-small-cell lung cancer with vatalanib. Patients & methods: The transfer constant (Ktrans) and the initial area under the contrast concentration–time curve at 60 s (AUC60) were assessed in 46 patients. Changes were compared with response evaluation from computed tomography imaging and Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors guidelines. Results: Statistically significant mean reductions in Ktrans (38.4%; p < 0.0001) and AUC60 (24.9%; p < 0.0001) were found at day 2. Af…