Search results for " Sleep"
showing 10 items of 533 documents
Obstructive sleep apnoea independently predicts lipid levels: Data from the European Sleep Apnea Database
2018
Background and objective: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and dyslipidaemia are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study investigates the association between OSA and plasma lipid concentrations in patients enrolled in the European Sleep Apnea Database (ESADA) cohort. Methods: The cross-sectional analysis included 8592 patients without physician-diagnosed hyperlipidaemia or reported intake of a lipid-lowering drug (age 50.1 ± 12.7 years, 69.1% male, BMI: 30.8 ± 6.6 kg/m2, mean apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI): 25.7 ± 25.9 events/h). The independent relationship between measures of OSA (AHI, oxygen desaturation index (ODI), mean and lowest oxygen saturation) and lipid profil…
Cancer prevalence is increased in females with sleep apnoea: data from the ESADA study
2019
[No abstract available]
Perioperative Adverse Events in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Use of Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation: Key Topics and Clinical Implications
2016
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common public health care problem and, yet, the perioperative management of OSA remains inadequate. Patients affected by this condition are prone to early postoperative complications, in part due to the negative effects of sedative, analgesic, and anesthetic agents on pharyngeal tone and arousal responses to hypoxia, hypercapnia, and obstruction. The use of opioids may also contribute to late adverse events, mainly by suppressing the rapid eye movement phase of sleep. As a result, preoperative screening of patients at high risk of OSA, as well as the implementation of a perioperative strategy to reduce the risk of complications, should lead to early periop…
Cognitive impairment and consumption of mental healthcare resources in outpatients with bipolar disorder.
2020
Cognitive dysfunction is a major predictor of functional outcomes, and loss of occupational functioning is usually linked with a higher cost of illness. However, the association between cognitive impairment and consumption of health resources has not been studied in bipolar disorder to date. This study aims to examine this relationship. This is an observational, retrospective study of a representative sample of euthymic outpatients between 18 and 55 years, fulfilling DSM 5 criteria for bipolar disorder and recruited at a catchment area in Spain. Cognitive performance was screened with the Spanish version of the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry (SCIP-S), and several variables of…
Being in the Past and Perform the Future in a Virtual World: VR Applications to Assess and Enhance Episodic and Prospective Memory in Normal and Path…
2020
The process of aging commonly features a gradual deterioration in cognitive performance and, in particular, the decline of memory. Despite the increased longevity of the world's population, the prevalence of neurodegenerative conditions, such as dementia, continues to be a major burden on public health, and consequently, the latest research has been focused on memory and aging. Currently, the failure of episodic and Prospective memory (PM) is one of the main complaints in the elderly, considered among the early symptoms of dementia. It is therefore increasingly important to define more clearly the boundaries between normal and pathological aging. Recently, researchers have begun to build an…
Structure, interdomain dynamics, and pH-dependent autoactivation of pro-rhodesain, the main lysosomal cysteine protease from African trypanosomes
2021
AbstractRhodesain is the lysosomal cathepsin L-like cysteine protease ofT. brucei rhodesiense, the causative agent of Human African Trypanosomiasis. The enzyme is essential for the proliferation and pathogenicity of the parasite as well as its ability to overcome the blood-brain barrier of the host. Lysosomal cathepsins are expressed as zymogens with an inactivating pro-domain that is cleaved under acidic conditions. A structure of the uncleaved maturation intermediate from a trypanosomal cathepsin L-like protease is currently not available. We thus established the heterologous expression ofT. brucei rhodesiensepro-rhodesain inE. coliand determined its crystal structure. The trypanosomal pr…
Electrophysiological brain stem investigations in idiopathic narcolepsy.
1998
Narcolepsy is associated with various rapid eye movement (REM) sleep abnormalities. Distinct brain stem areas seem to play a prominent role in REM sleep regulation. Recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have led to conflicting findings concerning the presence of structural brain stem lesions in patients with idiopathic narcoleptic syndrome. However, multimodal electrophysiological brain stem investigations may reveal functional brain stem abnormalities even in the absence of MRI abnormality. Therefore we investigated brain stem function in 12 idiopathic narcoleptic patients by systematically studying tegmental brain stem pathways. All of the patients met the diagnostic criteria of…
Biology, cultivation, and medicinal functions of the mushroom Hericium erinaceum
2016
<em>Hericium erinaceum</em> (Bull.: Fr.) Pers. is an edible fungus of great significance in medicine. It is rarely found in Europe, in contrast, it is common in Japan and North America. Its fruitbodies have been well-known for hundreds of years in traditional Chinese medicine and cuisine. A cradle of <em>H. erinaceum</em> cultivation is Asia. In Eastern Europe is rare in natural habitats, but can be successfully cultivated. Both fruitbodies and mycelia are rich in active, health promoting substances. Tests of substances extracted from this mushroom carried out on animals and in vitro have given good results. They can be used in the treatment of cancer, hepatic disord…
The Role of Modified Expansion Sphincter Pharyngoplasty in Multilevel Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Surgery
2017
Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a sleep disorder caused by an excessive narrowing of the pharyngeal airway that also collapses during inspiration, with an important role played by the lateral pharyngeal wall in the development of the obstruction. Objective To describe our surgical experience with modified expansion sphincter pharyngoplasty (MESP) in the management of lateral collapse in upper airway multilevel surgery. Methods A total of 20 patients with moderate to severe OSAS were recruited in the Ear, Nose and Throat (ENT) Department of the University of Palermo, Italy. All of the enrolled patients refused the ventilatory therapy. The subjects were evaluated for …
Fusion of the
2015
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, affects the condition of the entire human organism and causes multiple comorbidities. Pathological lung changes lead to quantitative changes in the composition of the metabolites in different body fluids. The obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, OSAS, occurs in conjunction with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in about 10–20 % of individuals who have COPD. Both conditions share the same comorbidities and this makes differentiating them difficult. The aim of this study was to investigate whether it is possible to diagnose a patient with either COPD or the OSA syndrome using a set of selected metabolites and to determine whether the metabolites t…