Search results for " Sleep"
showing 10 items of 533 documents
A meta-review of “lifestyle psychiatry”: the role of exercise, smoking, diet and sleep in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders
2020
There is increasing academic and clinical interest in how "lifestyle factors" traditionally associated with physical health may also relate to mental health and psychological well-being. In response, international and national health bodies are producing guidelines to address health behaviors in the prevention and treatment of mental illness. However, the current evidence for the causal role of lifestyle factors in the onset and prognosis of mental disorders is unclear. We performed a systematic meta-review of the top-tier evidence examining how physical activity, sleep, dietary patterns and tobacco smoking impact on the risk and treatment outcomes across a range of mental disorders. Result…
Randomized controlled study of a mandibular advancement appliance for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in children: A pilot study
2015
Background: The current limited evidence may be suggestive that mandibular advancement appliance (MAAs) result in improvements in AHI scores, but it is not possible to conclude that MAAs are effective to treat paediatric OSA. There are significant weaknesses in the existing evidence due primarily to absence of control groups, small sample sizes, lack of randomization and short-term results. Aim: the objective of the present study was to evaluate MAAs in children with OSA. Material and Methods: Children presenting an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) greater than or equal to one event per hour were considered to be apneic. This group of children with AHI greater than or equal to one was randomly di…
Event‐related brain potentials to change in rapidly presented acoustic stimuli in newborns
1997
Event-related brain potentials of 28 newborns to pitch change were studied during quiet sleep under stimulus conditions that typically elicit mismatch negativity in adults. Rarely occurring deviant tones of 1100 Hz (probability 12%) were embedded among repeated standard tones of 1000 Hz in an oddball-sequence with an interstimulus interval of 425 ms. Two control conditions were also employed: In the first, the 1100-Hz stimulus was presented alone without the intervening standard stimuli, and in the second the deviant stimulus had a pitch of 1300 Hz. In all conditions the infrequent stimulus elicited in most newborns a slow positive deflection peaking at a latency of 250-350 ms. The response…
May Dyspnea Sensation Influence the Sexual Function in Men With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome? A Prospective Control Study
2019
Abstract Introduction Dyspnea sensation is frequently present in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) patients; however, its possible influence on sexual function and body image has not been well analyzed. Aims To evaluate sexual function, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction (SD), and body image during sexual activity and its relationship with dyspnea in men with OSA. Methods 129 men were included in the prospective study, with 61 diagnosed with OSA (cases) and 68 age- and BMI-matched healthy control subjects. Patients were assessed for the severity of heart failure by the New York Heart Association scale and dyspnea by the Visual Analogue Scale. OSA was confirmed by in-laboratory polyso…
Obstructive sleep apnea and blood pressure in young hypertensives: does it matter?
2020
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Impact of Nonstationarities on Short Heart Rate Variability Recordings During Obstructive Sleep Apnea
2017
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder characterized by breathing pauses due to collapse of the upper airways. During OSA the autonomic modulation, as noninvasively assessed through heart period (HP) variability, is altered in a time-varying way even though time-varying properties of HP fluctuations are often disregarded by HP variability studies. We performed a time domain analysis computed over very short epochs corresponding to the sole OSA events explicitly accounting for HP variability nonstationarities. Length-matched epochs were extracted during OSA and quiet sleep (SLEEP) in 13 subjects suffering from OSA (11 males, age 55±11, apnea-hypopnea index 44±19). Mean HP, varianc…
Dimensional analysis of the upper airway in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome patients treated with mandibular advancement device: A bi‐ and three‐di…
2020
BACKGROUND The efficiency of the mandibular advancement device (MAD) in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) has been demonstrated. Nevertheless, the behaviour of the upper airway once MAD is placed and titrated, and its correlation with the apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) is still under discussion. OBJECTIVES To analyse the morphological changes of the upper airway through a bi- and three-dimensional study and correlate it with the polysomnographic variable, AHI. METHODS Patients were recruited from two different hospitals for the treatment of OSAS with a custom-made MAD. A cone-beam computer tomography and a polysomnography were performed at baseline and once the MAD was ti…
Interrelationships between oxidative stress and MMP-9 in subjects with severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
2016
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is significantly and independently associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular events and all-cause mortality and some studies have demonstrated that the incidence of cardiovascular events is related to its severity. Our aim was to examine the oxidative status and the matrix metalloproteases (MMP) profile in a group of subjects with OSAS. We enrolled 48 subjects with OSAS, defined after a 1-night cardiorespiratory sleep study, which were subsequently subdivided in two subgroups according to the severity of OSAS: mild-moderate OSAS = “Low”, severe OSAS = “High”. We measured the parameters of oxidative stress, such as l…
Resumption of Ventilation at the End of Obstructive Sleep Apneas is not Determined by Diaphragmatic Fatigue
1988
In patients affected by obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) a progressive increase of the force developed by the respiratory muscles is usually observed during the occlusive phase before upper airway patency is resumed (Onal and Lopata, 1986).
Cardiometabolic impact and symptom profile of obstructivesleep apnea: does gender matter?
2019
European-Respiratory-Society (ERS) International Congress -- SEP 28-OCT 02, 2019 -- Madrid, SPAIN