Search results for " Small"

showing 10 items of 806 documents

Illumina-based RiboMethSeq approach for mapping of 2'-O-Me residues in RNA

2016

International audience; RNA 2'-O-methylation is one of the ubiquitous nucleotide modifications found in many RNA types from Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. RNAs bearing 2'-O-methylations show increased resistance to degradation and enhanced stability in helices. While the exact role of each 2'-O-Me residue remained elusive, the catalytic protein Fibrillarin (Nop1 in yeast) responsible for 2'-O-methylation in eukaryotes, is associated with human pathologies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to precisely map and quantify hundreds of 2'-O-Me residues in RNA using high-throughput technologies. Here, we develop a reliable protocol using alkaline fragmentation of total RNA coupled to a commonly …

NucleotidesSequence Analysis RNAOligonucleotidesReproducibility of ResultsRNA FungalSaccharomyces cerevisiae22MethylationMethods OnlineRNA Small Nucleolar[SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM]Gene Deletion[SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathologyGene Library
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Physiological advantages of dwarfing in surviving extinctions in high-CO2 oceans

2015

Excessive CO2 in the present-day ocean-atmosphere system is causing ocean acidification, and is likely to cause a severe biodiversity decline in the future, mirroring effects in many past mass extinctions. Fossil records demonstrate that organisms surviving such events were often smaller than those before, a phenomenon called the Lilliput effect. Here, we show that two gastropod species adapted to acidified seawater at shallow-water CO2 seeps were smaller than those found in normal pH conditions and had higher mass-specific energy consumption but significantly lower whole-animal metabolic energy demand. These physiological changes allowed the animals to maintain calcification and to partial…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)IdentificationSalinityTemperateBicarbonate ion standard deviationBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)Alkalinity total standard deviationinorganicAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedWidthCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateRespiration rate oxygenAlkalinity totalBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LtotalCO2 ventpHRespirationCalcification rate of calcium carbonateTemperatureMonthdissolvedCarbonate ionLaboratory experimentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Temperature water standard deviationRespiration rateEarth System ResearchField observationstandard deviationThicknessCalcification/DissolutionPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation statePotentiometricwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideSiteGrowth MorphologyFigureAragonite saturation state standard deviationBenthosMediterranean SeaOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCCalcite saturation state standard deviationAnimaliaBicarbonate ionLONGITUDECalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesCyclope neriteaBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)Calculated using CO2SYSHeightPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationCarbonate ion standard deviationFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonHeight/width ratioTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaGrowth/MorphologySingle speciesCalcification DissolutionLATITUDEHeight width ratioBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelfNassarius corniculusoxygenTable
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Seawater carbonate chemistry and kelp densities and coral coverages at three study locations and photosynthesis and calcification of corals measured …

2021

Ocean warming is altering the biogeographical distribution of marine organisms. In the tropics, rising sea surface temperatures are restructuring coral reef communities with sensitive species being lost. At the biogeographical divide between temperate and tropical communities, warming is causing macroalgal forest loss and the spread of tropical corals, fishes and other species, termed “tropicalization”. A lack of field research into the combined effects of warming and ocean acidification means there is a gap in our ability to understand and plan for changes in coastal ecosystems. Here, we focus on the tropicalization trajectory of temperate marine ecosystems becoming coral-dominated systems…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)Net calcification rate of calcium carbonate lightCommunity composition and diversityAlkalinity total standard deviationunique identificationTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedNet calcification rate of calcium carbonateCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Color descriptionRespiration rate oxygenpHRespirationMonthCarbonate ionLaboratory experimentField experimentRespiration rateunique identification URIstandard deviationlightAcropora solitaryensisCalcification/DissolutionCalcite saturation statewaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideSiteGrowth MorphologyRocky-shore communityAragonite saturation state standard deviationPorites heronensisCarbon inorganic dissolved standard deviationTypeCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Primary production PhotosynthesisSpeciesBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)fungiEvent labeltechnology industry and agricultureCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airEntire communitySingle speciesCalcification DissolutionBenthic animalsFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoralCoast and continental shelfPhotosynthetic efficiencySpecies unique identification (URI)darkIdentificationRegistration number of speciesSalinityTemperateBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)inorganicAlkalinityArea localityNet photosynthesis rate oxygenExperimentArea/localityAragonite saturation stateNorth PacificAlkalinity totalBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LtotalCO2 ventCalcification rate of calcium carbonateTemperaturedissolvedPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Temperature water standard deviationNet photosynthesis rateEarth System ResearchNet calcification rate of calcium carbonate darkField observationgeographic locationsSpecies unique identificationBenthosCnidariaDiameterOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCAnimaliaBicarbonate ionGrowth ratePartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationPrimary production/PhotosynthesisTreatmentCarbon dioxideGrowth/MorphologyRocky shore communityShootsoxygen
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Individual and population-level responses to ocean acidification

2016

Ocean acidification is predicted to have detrimental effects on many marine organisms and ecological processes. Despite growing evidence for direct impacts on specific species, few studies have simultaneously considered the effects of ocean acidification on individuals (e.g. consequences for energy budgets and resource partitioning) and population level demographic processes. Here we show that ocean acidification increases energetic demands on gastropods resulting in altered energy allocation, i.e. reduced shell size but increased body mass. When scaled up to the population level, long-term exposure to ocean acidification altered population demography, with evidence of a reduction in the pr…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateRegistration number of speciesSalinityinorganicBottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L)AlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateRespiration rate oxygenBottles or small containers Aquaria 20 LAlkalinity totalSalinity standard errortotalCO2 ventpHRespirationTemperaturedissolvedCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Field experimentstandard errorCarbon inorganic dissolved standard errorRespiration rateEarth System ResearchSexUniform resource locator link to referencePotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateDry masswaterSiteHexaplex trunculusBenthosAlkalinity total standard errorUniform resource locator/link to referenceOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaAnimaliaTypeBicarbonate ionTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)SpeciesWet massBottles or small containers/Aquaria (&lt;20 L)Calculated using CO2SYSCarbonate system computation flagFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionTreatmentPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideMolluscaSingle speciesFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airBenthic animalsBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelfoxygen
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High-dose radiotherapy for oligo-progressive NSCLC receiving EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors: Real world data

2020

Background/aim Local ablative treatments for oligo-progressive, EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer (mut-NCSLC) may improve long-term disease control and survival. We analyzed the efficacy of hypo-fractionated, high-dose radiation therapy (HDRT), in association with prolonged EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in oligo-progressive, EGFR mutant-NSCLC. Patients and methods Progression-free survival-1 (PFS-1, date from initiation of TKI therapy until oligo-progression or death), and progression-free survival-2 (PFS-2, date of focal progression until further progression or death) were evaluated. Results Thirty-six patients were analyzed. The median PFS 1 was 12.5 months. HDHRT consisted …

OncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyLung Neoplasmsmedicine.medical_treatmentEGFR high-dose radiotherapy Non-small cell lung cancer oligo-progressionEGFRGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologyoligo-progression03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNon-small cell lung cancerCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungInternal medicinemedicineOverall survivalHumansProtein Kinase InhibitorsRetrospective StudiesPharmacologybusiness.industryEGFR Non-small cell lung cancer high-dose radiotherapy oligo-progressionEGFR; High-dose radiotherapy; Non-small cell lung cancer; Oligo-progressionEGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitorshigh-dose radiotherapyDisease controlProgression-Free SurvivalErbB ReceptorsRadiation therapy030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMutationNon small cellbusinessReal world dataResearch Article
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Natural history of malignant bone disease in non-small cell lung cancer: Preliminary results of a multicenter bone metastasis survey

2013

e19084 Background: Bone metastases represent an increasing clinical problem in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as disease-related survival improves. This is a multicenter, retrospective survey aimed to explore the impact of bone involvement in this severe, life-threatening disease. Methods: Data on clinicopathology, skeletal outcomes, skeletal-related events (SREs), and bone-directed therapies for 421 deceased NSCLC patients (48.6% aged &gt;66 years) with evidence of bone metastasis were statistically analyzed. Results: ECOG performance status at diagnosis of NSCLC was 0 in 41.4% of patients, 1 in 42.8% and 2 in 13.9%. The most frequent stage at diagnosis was IV (76.8%). Adenoc…

OncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyBone diseasebusiness.industryBone metastasismedicine.diseaseNatural historyOncologyInternal medicinemedicineNon small cellLung cancerbusiness
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Evolution of Therapy Decision-Making Process for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

2010

Advanced non-small cell lung cancer remains a lethal disease with poor prognosis. In the last decades results of systemic chemotherapy have reached a disappointing plateau without significant differences between the most widely employed third-generation regimens. Recent scientific evidence has shed new light on the management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer, especially for the important role of histological definition in therapy-planning process. The results of new biologic agents are also reported as are the promising data on pharmacogenomic-guided treatment.

OncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyPoor prognosisLung Neoplasmsmedicine.medical_treatmentDecision MakingAntineoplastic AgentsDiseaseCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungInternal medicineBiomarkers TumormedicineHumansLung cancerChemotherapybusiness.industryRespiratory diseaseCancerGeneral Medicinemedicine.diseaseTreatment OutcomeOncologyPharmacogeneticsPharmacogenomicsImmunologyNon small cellbusinessOncology
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Abstract 4010: Prognostic role of miRNAs in resectable non-small cell lung cancer

2015

Proceedings: AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015; April 18-22, 2015; Philadelphia, PA BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a class of small RNAs that regulate gene expression, and are implicated in several diseases including cancer. The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic implications of deregulated miRNAs identified by NGS in a previous study performed on resectable-NSCLC tumor samples. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fresh-frozen tumor and normal adjacent lung tissue samples (N = 195) were obtained by surgical resection from NSCLC patients and storage in RNAlater® at -80°C until analysis. RNA was isolated biological specimens by Trizol based-methods. 22 deregulated miRNA were analyzed in paired t…

OncologyCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyUnivariate analysisPathologyPerformance statusbusiness.industryCancermedicine.diseaseContinuous variableOncologyInternal medicinemicroRNAmedicineNon small cellbusinessLung cancerSurvival analysisCancer Research
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Tumor mutational burden on cytological samples: A pilot study.

2020

Background Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represent an important treatment option for patients who have advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Currently, evaluation of the expression level of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has proven highly successful as a positive predictive biomarker for ICIs. In addition to PD-L1, other promising predictive biomarkers are emerging, including high tumor mutational burden (TMB-H). However, measuring TMB-H remains challenging for several reasons, among which is the difficulty in obtaining adequate tissue material from NSCLC patients. There are no data in the current literature regarding the possibility of adopting cell blocks (CBs) for T…

OncologyMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyLung NeoplasmsCytological TechniquesDNA Mutational Analysis030209 endocrinology & metabolismPilot Projects03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineCarcinoma Non-Small-Cell LungmedicineBiomarkers TumorHumansLung cancerPredictive biomarkerAgedRetrospective Studiesnext generation sequencingTMBbusiness.industryAdvanced stageTreatment optionsHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingIon semiconductor sequencingAmpliconmedicine.diseasePrognosislung cancerOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMutationcytologyTissue materialFemaleimmunotherapyNon small cellbusinessFollow-Up StudiesCancer cytopathologyReferences
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c-erbB-2 expression in small-cell lung cancer is associated with poor prognosis.

2001

Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) carries a bad prognosis despite good initial response to chemotherapy. It is therefore important to identify molecular markers that influence survival as potential new therapeutic targets. In our study, expression of the tyrosine kinase c-erbB-2 (HER2/neu) receptor in tumor tissues of 107 consecutive newly diagnosed patients with primary SCLC was quantified using a monoclonal antibody directed against the c-terminal domain of c-erbB-2. A clear-cut positive expression of c-erbB-2 was observed in 13% of patients. Surprisingly, c-erbB-2 was an independent prognostic factor (RR = 2.16; p = 0.014) when a proportional-hazard model was adjusted to stage (limited vs. e…

OncologyMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyLung NeoplasmsTime FactorsReceptor ErbB-2medicine.medical_treatmentSmall-cell carcinomaDisease-Free SurvivalSex FactorsInternal medicinemedicineCarcinomaHumansCarcinoma Small CellLung cancerneoplasmsAgedProportional Hazards ModelsChemotherapyPerformance statusL-Lactate DehydrogenaseProportional hazards modelbusiness.industryAge FactorsCancerAntibodies MonoclonalMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasePrognosisImmunohistochemistryProtein Structure TertiaryTreatment OutcomeOncologyPhosphopyruvate HydrataseImmunohistochemistryFemalebusinessInternational journal of cancer
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