Search results for " Smooth"

Uniformly nonsquare Banach spaces have the fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings

2006

Abstract It is shown that if the modulus Γ X of nearly uniform smoothness of a reflexive Banach space satisfies Γ X ′ ( 0 ) 1 , then every bounded closed convex subset of X has the fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings. In particular, uniformly nonsquare Banach spaces have this property since they are properly included in this class of spaces. This answers a long-standing question in the theory.

Polynomial Smoothing Splines

2014

Interpolating splines is a perfect tool for approximation of a continuous-time signal \(f(t)\) in the case when samples \(x[k]=f(k),\;k\in \mathbb {Z}\) are available. However, frequently, the samples are corrupted by random noise. In such case, the so-called smoothing splines provide better approximation. In this chapter we describe periodic smoothing splines in one and two dimensions. The SHA technique provides explicit expression of such splines and enables us to derive optimal values of the regularization parameters.

Dissecting Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Is Aggravated by Genetic Inactivation of LIGHT (TNFSF14)

2021

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), is a complex disorder characterized by vascular vessel wall remodeling. LIGHT (TNFSF14) is a proinflammatory cytokine associated with vascular disease. In the present study, the impact of genetic inactivation of Light was investigated in dissecting AAA induced by angiotensin II (AngII) in the Apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe−/−) mice. Studies in aortic human (ah) vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) to study potential translation to human pathology were also performed. AngII-treated Apoe−/−Light−/− mice displayed increased abdominal aorta maximum diameter and AAA severity compared with Apoe−/− mice. Notably, reduced smooth muscle α-actin+ area and Acta2 and C…

Alterations of intestinal transit and fecal output in dystrophic mdx mice.

2009

Myogenic NOS and endogenous NO production are defective in colon from dystrophic (mdx) mice

2001

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether alterations in the distribution and/or function of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) could be involved in the development of the spontaneous mechanical tone observed in colon from dystrophic (mdx) mice. By recording the intraluminal pressure of isolated colon from normal mice, we showed that Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) increased the tone, even in the presence of tetrodotoxin. The effect was prevented by L-arginine, nifedipine, or Ca2+-free solution. In colon from mdx mice, L-NAME was ineffective. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the presence and distribution of neuronal (nNOS), endothelial, and inducible NOS isoforms in smooth m…

Batch Methods for Resolution Enhancement of TIR Image Sequences

2015

Thermal infrared (TIR) time series are exploited by many methods based on Earth observation (EO), for such applications as agriculture, forest management, and meteorology. However, due to physical limitations, data acquired by a single sensor are often unsatisfactory in terms of spatial or temporal resolution. This issue can be tackled by using remotely sensed data acquired by multiple sensors with complementary features. When nonreal-time functioning or at least near real-time functioning is admitted, the measurements can be profitably fed to a sequential Bayesian algorithm, which allows to account for the correlation embedded in the successive acquisitions. In this work, we focus on appli…

Probabilistic Forecast for Northern New Zealand Seismic Process Based on a Forward Predictive Kernel Estimator

2011

In seismology predictive properties of the estimated intensity function are often pursued. For this purpose, we propose an estimation procedure in time, longitude, latitude and depth domains, based on the subsequent increments of likelihood obtained adding an observation one at a time. On the basis of this estimation approach a forecast of earthquakes of a given area of Northern New Zealand is provided, assuming that future earthquakes activity may be based on the smoothing of past earthquakes.

The Random-Time Binomial Model

1999

In this paper we study Binomial Models with random time steps. We explain, how calculating values for European and American Call and Put options is straightforward for the Random-Time Binomial Model. We present the conditions to ensure weak-convergence to the Black-Scholes setup and convergence of the values for European and American put options. Differently to the CRR-model the convergence behaviour is extremely smooth in our model. By using extrapolation we therefore achieve order of convergence two. This way it is an efficient tool for pricing purposes in the Black-Scholes setup, since the CRR model and its extrapolations typically achieve order one. Moreover our model allows in a straig…

Prudential supervisors' independence and income smoothing in European banks

2019

[EN] We investigate the role of prudential supervisors' independence in affecting income smoothing behavior in European banks. Powerful national supervisors are predicted to influence the accounting practices of their supervised entities, shaping the properties of the accounting numbers they prepare. In particular, we study whether greater independence of powerful supervisors from the government and from the industry is associated with lower income smoothing. We use the mandatory adoption of a single set of accounting standards in Europe as a shock to the influence of prudential supervisors over national banks' accounting practice. Our results confirm that political and industry independenc…

Improved fast Gauss transform for meshfree electromagnetic transients simulations

2019

Abstract In this paper improved fast summations are introduced to enhance a meshfree solver for the evolution of the electromagnetic fields over time. The original method discretizes the time-domain Maxwell’s curl equations via Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics requiring many summations on the first derivatives of the kernel function and field vectors at each time step. The improved fast Gauss transform is properly adopted picking up the computational cost and the memory requirement at an acceptable level preserving the accuracy of the computation. Numerical simulations in two-dimensional domains are discussed giving evidence of improvements in the computation compared to the standard formula…