Search results for " Sor"

A comparative biochemical, pharmacological and immunological study of Clostridium novyi alpha-toxin, C. difficile toxin B and C. sordellii lethal tox…

1991

The three clostridial cytotoxins, i.e. alpha-toxin of C. novyi (Tox alpha-nov), toxin B of C. difficile (ToxB-dif) and lethal toxin of C. sordellii (LT-sor) consist of single peptide chains of about 200,000 (Tox alpha-nov), 250,000 (LT-sor) and 275,000 (ToxB-dif) mol. wts. ToxB-dif and LT-sor but not Tox alpha-nov cross-reacted with rabbit polyclonal antibodies. Toxicity upon i.v. injection in mice was similar (LD50, 100 hr, 50-200 ng/kg) and was characterized by a slowly developing fluid loss into the interstitial space. When injected into the rat paw the toxins caused a delayed local edema lasting for days. In vitro the three toxins provoked a persistent retraction of endothelial cells cu…

RISULTATI PRELIMINARI DELLA SORVEGLIANZA AMBIENTALE DURANTE I LAVORI DI CANTIERE NELL'AOUP P. GIACCONE DI PALERMO

2014

Increased antigen presentation efficiency by coupling antigens to MHC class I trafficking signals.

2007

Abstract Genetic modification of vaccines by linking the Ag to lysosomal or endosomal targeting signals has been used to route Ags into MHC class II processing compartments for improvement of CD4+ T cell responses. We report in this study that combining an N-terminal leader peptide with an MHC class I trafficking signal (MITD) attached to the C terminus of the Ag strongly improves the presentation of MHC class I and class II epitopes in human and murine dendritic cells (DCs). Such chimeric fusion proteins display a maturation state-dependent subcellular distribution pattern in immature and mature DCs, mimicking the dynamic trafficking properties of MHC molecules. T cell response analysis in…

L'assistente alla comunicazione nella scuola è solo un mediatore linguistico? Problemi, specificità, formazione di una nuova figura professionale.

2009

In seguito all’applicazione della L.104/92 sull’integrazione dei soggetti in situazione di handicap, sono presenti nelle scuole italiane gli “assistenti alla comunicazione” per gli alunni sordi: si tratta di una nuova figura professionale che, all’interno dei servizi educativi, si propone di far da ponte tra sordi e udenti, in quanto esperto delle principali problematiche degli alunni sordi ed esperto nella LIS (Lingua dei Segni Italiana). Ma di che tipo di mediazione si tratta? Quali problemi solleva e quali riflessioni dal punto di vista pedagogico, sociale, linguistico e antropologico? Questi i principali ambiti di riflessione trattati all’interno dell’articolo, in termini problematici e…

Refining sorafenib therapy: lessons from clinical practice

2015

ABSTRACT  Understanding the best use of sorafenib is essential in order to maximize clinical benefit in hepatocellular carcinoma. Based on Phase III and noninterventional study data, as well as our extensive experience, we discuss dose modification in order to manage adverse events, disease response evaluation and how to maximize treatment benefit. Sorafenib should be initiated at the approved dose (400 mg twice daily) and reduced/interrupted as appropriate in order to manage adverse events. Dose modification should be considered before discontinuation. Appropriate tumor response assessment is critical. Focusing on radiologic response may result in premature sorafenib discontinuation; symp…

Protein targeting to the plasma membrane of adult skeletal muscle fiber: an organized mosaic of functional domains.

2001

The plasma membrane of differentiated skeletal muscle fibers comprises the sarcolemma, the transverse (T) tubule network, and the neuromuscular and muscle-tendon junctions. We analyzed the organization of these domains in relation to defined surface markers, beta-dystroglycan, dystrophin, and caveolin-3. These markers were shown to exhibit highly organized arrays along the length of the fiber. Caveolin-3 and beta-dystroglycan/dystrophin showed distinct, but to some extent overlapping, labeling patterns and both markers left transverse tubule openings clear. This labeling pattern revealed microdomains over the entire plasma membrane with the exception of the neuromuscular and muscle-tendon j…

The Odyssey of Hsp60 from Tumor Cells to Other Destinations Includes Plasma Membrane-Associated Stages and Golgi and Exosomal Protein-Trafficking Mod…

2012

BACKGROUND: In a previous work we showed for the first time that human tumor cells secrete Hsp60 via exosomes, which are considered immunologically active microvesicles involved in tumor progression. This finding raised questions concerning the route followed by Hsp60 to reach the exosomes, its location in them, and whether Hsp60 can be secreted also via other mechanisms, e.g., by the Golgi. We addressed these issues in the work presented here. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We found that Hsp60 localizes in the tumor cell plasma membrane, is associated with lipid rafts, and ends up in the exosomal membrane. We also found evidence that Hsp60 localizes in the Golgi apparatus and its secretion is prevent…

PECAM-1 expression in human mesothelial cells: an in vitro study.

1996

Mesothelial cells are actively involved in inflammatory processes by expressing a set of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs). Transmigration of leukocytes into inflamed tissues requires a chemotactic stimulus and engagement of platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1). To investigate the kinetics involved in peritonitis, pure cultures of mesothelial cells are necessary. In previous studies, we have found that human mesothelial cells (HOMES) show a weak constitutive expression of PECAM-1, which cannot be further stimulated by cytokines. It is known that all serous cavities and body fluids contain numerous macrophages which strongly express this adhesion molecule. To identify the cel…

Isolation and Culture of Colon Cancer Stem Cells

2008

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) resemble normal stem cells in several ways. Both cell types are self-renewing and when they divide, one of the daughter cells differentiates while the other retains stem cell properties, including the ability to divide in the same way again. CSCs have been demonstrated to exist in several solid tumors, including colon carcinoma; these cells are able to initiate and sustain tumor growth. There are essentially three different methods to isolate CSCs: establishment culture, the MACS (magnetic cell sorting) technology, and the FACS (fluorescence-activated cell sorting) technology.

Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Synthesize Neuromodulatory Factors

2015

NG2 protein-expressing oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) are a persisting and major glial cell population in the adult mammalian brain. Direct synaptic innervation of OPC by neurons throughout the brain together with their ability to sense neuronal network activity raises the question of additional physiological roles of OPC, supplementary to generating myelinating oligodendrocytes. In this study we investigated whether OPC express neuromodulatory factors, typically synthesized by other CNS cell types. Our results show that OPC express two well-characterized neuromodulatory proteins: Prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS) and neuronal Pentraxin 2 (Nptx2/Narp). Expression levels of the enzym…