Search results for " Specificity"

showing 10 items of 2170 documents

NATURAL SELECTION AND THE ORGAN-SPECIFIC DIFFERENTIATION OF HIV-1 V3 HYPERVARIABLE REGION

2004

The existence of organ-specific HIV-1 populations within infected hosts has been studied for many years; nonetheless results reported by different authors are somewhat discrepant. To tackle this problem, we used a population genetics approach to analyze previously published data from the V3 hypervariable region of the envelope env gene. Our results are compatible with a population subdivision by organs in 95% of individuals analyzed at autopsy. In addition, populations infecting the nervous system and testicles clearly appear as differentiated subsets of the so-called macrophage-tropic variants. Liver and kidney may harbor differentiated populations as well. Although it is widely accepted t…

Nonsynonymous substitutionPopulationPopulation geneticsHIV Envelope Protein gp120BiologyEvolution MolecularGeneticsCluster AnalysisHumansSelection GeneticeducationEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsGeneticsAnalysis of VarianceLikelihood Functionseducation.field_of_studyNatural selectionBase SequenceModels GeneticMechanism (biology)HIVPeptide FragmentsHypervariable regionGenetics PopulationOrgan SpecificityViral evolutionAdaptationDatabases Nucleic AcidGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesSequence AlignmentEvolution
researchProduct

Propagation pattern analysis during atrial fibrillation based on the adaptive group LASSO.

2012

The present study introduces sparse modeling for the estimation of propagation patterns in intracardiac atrial fibrillation (AF) signals. The estimation is based on the partial directed coherence (PDC) function, derived from fitting a multivariate autoregressive model to the observed signals. A sparse optimization method is proposed for estimation of the model parameters, namely, the adaptive group least absolute selection and shrinkage operator (aLASSO). In simulations aLASSO was found superior to the commonly used least-squares (LS) estimation with respect to estimation performance. The normalized error between the true and estimated model parameters dropped from 0.200.04 for LS estimatio…

Normalization (statistics)Computer scienceBiomedical EngineeringHealth InformaticsGroup lassoSensitivity and SpecificityPattern Recognition AutomatedHeart Conduction SystemStatisticsAtrial FibrillationCoherence (signal processing)AnimalsHumansComputer SimulationDiagnosis Computer-AssistedTime series1707ShrinkageSparse matrixPropagation patternModels CardiovascularReproducibility of ResultsElectroencephalographySignal ProcessingSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaAlgorithmAlgorithmsAnnual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
researchProduct

Sensitivity enhancement in pulse EPR distance measurements

2004

Established pulse EPR approaches to the measurement of small dipole-dipole couplings between electron spins rely on constant-time echo experiments to separate relaxational contributions from dipolar time evolution. This requires a compromise between sensitivity and resolution to be made prior to the measurement, so that optimum data are only obtained if the magnitude of the dipole-dipole coupling is known beforehand to a good approximation. Moreover, the whole dipolar evolution function is measured with relatively low sensitivity. These problems are overcome by a variable-time experiment that achieves suppression of the relaxation contribution by reference deconvolution. Theoretical and exp…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsProtein ConformationBiophysicsAnalytical chemistryBiochemistrySensitivity and Specificitylaw.inventionlawspin labelingSensitivity (control systems)protein structurepair correlation functionElectron paramagnetic resonanceCouplingSpinsChemistryPulsed EPRRelaxation (NMR)Time evolutionElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyPhotosystem II Protein ComplexReproducibility of ResultsSignal Processing Computer-AssistedELDORCondensed Matter PhysicsComputational physicsDeconvolutionEPRAlgorithms
researchProduct

Improvement of ESR dosimetry for thermal neutron beams through the addition of gadolinium.

2007

In this paper, the addition of gadolinium is proposed as a useful tool to enhance the electron spin resonance (ESR) sensitivity of organic compounds to thermal neutrons. The target of this work is the detection, through the ESR technique, of the thermal neutron fluence in a mixed field of photons and neutrons. Gadolinium was chosen because it has a very high capture cross section to thermal neutrons; its nuclear reaction with thermal neutrons induces complex inner shell transitions that generate, besides other particles, Auger electrons, which in turn release their energy in the neighborhood (only several nanometers) of the place of reaction. Gadolinium was added to two organic molecules: a…

Nuclear reactionMaterials scienceHot TemperaturePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsGadoliniumPhysics::Medical PhysicsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGadoliniumRadiation DosageFluenceSensitivity and Specificitylaw.inventionsymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonancelawRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNeutronElectron paramagnetic resonanceRadiometryNeutronsDosimeterRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyAuger effectElectron Spin Resonance SpectroscopyReproducibility of ResultsNeutron temperatureESR dosimetry thermal neutron gadoliniumchemistrysymbolsCondensed Matter::Strongly Correlated ElectronsPhysics in medicine and biology
researchProduct

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL SIGNALS MEDIATING CONSPECIFIC AND HETEROSPECIFIC AGGREGATION BEHAVIOR OF FIRST INSTAR STINK BUGS

2004

We investigated cues that mediate the aggregation behavior of immature pentatomid bugs by using nymphs of six different pentatomid bug species (Nezara viridula, Acrosternum hilare, Chlorochroa ligata, Chlorochroa sayi, Thyanta pallidovirens, and Euschistus conspersus). When first instars of any two species were put together in a Petri dish, they readily formed heterospecific aggregations similar to their natural conspecific aggregations. The chemical profiles of first and second instar nymphs of each species were determined by solvent extraction with pentane, followed by GC-MS analysis. Immature bugs of the different species had some compounds in common, and some that were more species spec…

NymphTime Factorsanimal structuresEggsAllomoneInsect ControlBiochemistryGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryPheromoneslaw.inventionHeteropteraSexual Behavior AnimalSpecies SpecificitylawBotanyAnimalsNymphEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsDemographyDose-Response Relationship DrugbiologyPetri dishfungiGeneral MedicinePentatomidaebiology.organism_classificationEuschistus conspersusNezara viridulaInstarVolatilizationThyanta pallidovirens
researchProduct

Identification of a lysyl residue defining the binding specificity of a human odorant-binding protein

2008

International audience

OBP[CHIM.OTHE] Chemical Sciences/OtherLYSYL RESIDUEBINDING SPECIFICITY[CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/OtherComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSODORANT-BINDING PROTEIN
researchProduct

Bermanella marisrubri gen. nov., sp. nov., a genome-sequenced gammaproteobacterium from the Red Sea

2009

5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table

OceanospirillaceaeThalassolituusMolecular Sequence DataZoologyBiologyMicrobiologyGenomeSpecies SpecificityBermanella marisrubriGenusRNA Ribosomal 16SGenotypeBotanyIndian OceanPhylogenyEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicsvisual_art.artworkPhylogenetic treeGeneral Medicine16S ribosomal RNAbiology.organism_classificationPhenotypevisual_artWater MicrobiologyGenome BacterialBacteriaINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY
researchProduct

Natural co-occurrence of ochratoxin A, ochratoxin B and aflatoxins in Sicilian red wines

2015

The natural occurrence of ochratoxin A, ochratoxin B, aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin B2, aflatoxin G1 and aflatoxin G2 (OTA, OTB, AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2) in red wines was investigated by HPLC/FLD after immunoaffinity column clean-up in 57 market samples produced in Sicily (Italy). The results showed a very low incidence of these mycotoxins in analysed samples, confirming the high degree of quality and safety of Sicilian red wines. The results indicated 71.9% and 64.9% positive samples for OTA and OTB respectively, with an average level of 0.13 μg l(-1), well below the European maximum permitted levels (MLs). The aflatoxin most frequently detected in the samples was AFG1, present in 57.9% of sample…

Ochratoxin AAflatoxinAflatoxin B1Health Toxicology and MutagenesisOchratoxin BFood ContaminationWineAverage levelaflatoxin G2Toxicologyaflatoxin G1Sensitivity and SpecificityFluorescencechemistry.chemical_compoundAflatoxinsimmunoaffinity columnFood scienceHPLC/FLD analysiMycotoxinSicilyChromatography High Pressure LiquidWineChromatographyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineOchratoxinsimmunoaffinity column wine aflatoxin B-2 aflatoxin G(1) ochratoxin B ochratoxin A aflatoxin B-1 aflatoxin G(2) HPLC/FLD analysischemistryaflatoxin B2Maximum Allowable Concentrationochratoxin Aochratoxin BFood Science
researchProduct

Simultaneous detection of the main black aspergilli responsible for ochratoxin A (OTA) contamination in grapes by multiplex real-time polymerase chai…

2009

9 pages.

Ochratoxin AAspergillus niger aggregateGrapesHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisFood ContaminationWineAspergillus carbonariusBiologyToxicologyPolymerase Chain ReactionSensitivity and SpecificityMelting curve analysisReal-time polymerase chain reactionlaw.inventionMicrobiology03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundSpecies SpecificitylawTaqManVitisDNA FungalOchratoxinPolymerase chain reaction030304 developmental biology2. Zero hunger0303 health sciencesMycotoxinChromatography030306 microbiologyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthFungal geneticsOchratoxin AGeneral ChemistryGeneral MedicineMycotoxinsSpores FungalOchratoxins3. Good healthAspergillusReal-time polymerase chain reactionchemistrySpainCarcinogensSYBR Green IAspergillus tubingensisPolyketide synthaseFood Science
researchProduct

Rapid determination of ochratoxin A in cereals and cereal products by liquid chromatography.

2004

A new method based on extraction with octylsilica (C8) followed by liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (LC-FLD) was studied to determine ochratoxin A (OTA) from cereals and cereal products. Optimization of different parameters, such as type and amount of solid phase, type and volume of eluent and amount of sample were carried out. Recovery of OTA from rice samples spiked at 10 ng/g level was of 86% with relative standard deviation of 5%. The limits of detection and quantification of the proposed method were 0.25 and 0.75 ng/g, respectively. Furthermore, LC-FLD after of OTA methylation and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with an electrospray interface…

Ochratoxin ADetection limitElectrosprayChromatographyOrganic ChemistryExtraction (chemistry)food and beveragesGeneral MedicineMass spectrometryBiochemistryOchratoxinsSensitivity and SpecificityAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundColumn chromatographySpectrometry FluorescencechemistryMycotoxinEdible GrainOchratoxinChromatography LiquidJournal of chromatography. A
researchProduct