Search results for " Spontaneou"

showing 10 items of 191 documents

Modulational instability in fiber systems with periodic loss compensation and dispersion management

2003

In this paper we study modulational instability in a Kerr fiber taking into account the combined effects of periodic power variations and dispersion management. It is shown that periodic dispersion management and periodic amplification produce nonconventional MI sidebands which are essentially independent of each other. In addition, we show that the amplifier spontaneous emission noise tends to inhibit the growth of sidebands, for a sufficiently long propagation distance.

PhysicsAmplified spontaneous emissionbusiness.industryAmplifierOptical communicationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsModulational instabilityBruitOpticsDispersion (optics)medicineSpontaneous emissionElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrymedicine.symptombusinessNoise (radio)Optics Communications
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Duty-ratio control of Nonlinear phase noise in dispersion-managed WDM transmissions using RZ-DPSK modulation at 10 Gb/s

2006

International audience; The authors compare analytical and numerical estimates, showing that the nonlinear phase noise of short optical pulses associated with the coupling between amplified spontaneous emission noise and fiber nonlinearity may be controlled by adjusting the duty cycle of the return-to-zero (RZ) signal modulation format. The impact of this effect in the optimization of the performance of 10-Gb/s dispersion-managed wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) systems using RZ-differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) modulation is discussed. By extensive numerical simulations, it is shown that the transmission quality of ultradense WDM systems using the RZ-DPSK modulation format may be…

PhysicsAmplified spontaneous emissionbusiness.industrynonlinear opticsPhysics::OpticsKeying02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Optics010309 optics020210 optoelectronics & photonicsOpticsoptical fiber communication[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]Duty cycleModulationWavelength-division multiplexing0103 physical sciencesPhase noise0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringBit error rateElectronic engineeringbusinessPhase modulationphase modulation
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Control of spontaneous emission of a single quantum emitter through a time-modulated photonic-band-gap environment

2017

We consider the spontaneous emission of a two-level quantum emitter, such as an atom or a quantum dot, in a modulated time-dependent environment with a photonic band gap. An example of such an environment is a dynamical photonic crystal or any other environment with a bandgap whose properties are modulated in time, in the effective mass approximation. After introducing our model of dynamical photonic crystal, we show that it allows new possibilities to control and tailor the physical features of the emitted radiation, specifically its frequency spectrum. In the weak coupling limit and in an adiabatic case, we obtain the emitted spectrum and we show the appearance of two lateral peaks due to…

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsBand gapFOS: Physical sciences02 engineering and technologyRadiative processes Structured environments Spontaneous emission Photonic crystals021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences3. Good healthQuantum dot0103 physical sciencesAtomRadiative transferDensity of statesSpontaneous emissionAtomic physics010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyAdiabatic processQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Photonic crystal
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Emergence of non-Markovianity in the emission process of an atom in a half-cavity

2014

We study quantum non-Markovianity in the early stage of the emission process of a two-level atom coupled to a semi-infinite waveguide, where the waveguide termination behaves as a perfect mirror. Specifically, we restrict to the analysis of the process for times shorter than twice the time delay t_d, where t_d is the duration of a round trip along the atom-mirror path. We show the emergence of a threshold in the parameters space separating the Markovian and non-Markovian regions.

PhysicsQuantum PhysicsProcess (computing)FOS: Physical sciencesAtom (order theory)Markov processopen quantum systemsParameter spacenon-Markovianity open quantum systems spontaneous emission waveguide QEDCondensed Matter Physicsnon-MarkovianityAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticssymbols.namesakePerfect mirrorwaveguide QEDQuantum mechanicsPath (graph theory)symbolsWaveguide (acoustics)Quantum Physics (quant-ph)spontaneous emissionQuantumMathematical Physics
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Cytogenetic analyses of culture failures by comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH)–Re-evaluation of chromosome aberration rates in early spontaneous…

2001

Comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) represents an alternative molecular-cytogenetic technique capable of detecting chromosomal imbalances by reverse fluorescence in situ hybridisation. As the technique uses genomic DNA for assessment it does not rely on metaphase chromosomes in the test material and thus circumvents technical problems associated with tissue culturing. In the present study, we applied CGH to identify chromosome anomalies in 60 spontaneous abortions of the first trimester, that had failed to grow in culture. In 57 out of 60 cases CGH analyses were successful. The overall aneuploidy rate detected was 72%. Trisomy was the predominant chromosome anomaly accounting for 68.0% …

PlacentaAneuploidyGestational AgeAbortionBiologyChromosome aberrationPregnancyGeneticsmedicineHumansMetaphaseCells CulturedGenetics (clinical)Chromosome AberrationsGeneticsNucleic Acid HybridizationChromosomeKaryotypemedicine.diseaseAbortion SpontaneousPregnancy Trimester Firstgenomic DNAKaryotypingCytogenetic AnalysisFemaleTrisomyMaternal AgeEuropean Journal of Human Genetics
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Human Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A New Potential Treatment for Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in Decompensated Cirrhosis

2022

Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a severe and often fatal infection in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites. The only cure for SBP is antibiotic therapy, but the emerging problem of bacterial resistance requires novel therapeutic strategies. Human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hA-MSCs) possess immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that can be harnessed as a therapy in such a context. Methods: An in vitro applications of hA-MSCs in ascitic fluid (AF) of cirrhotic patients, subsequently infected with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, was performed. We evaluated the effects of hA-MSCs on bacterial load, innate immunity factors, and macr…

QH301-705.5Placentacirrhosis; ascitic fluid; spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; human amnion-derived mesenchymal stromal cells; carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales; pattern recognition molecules; ficolins; complement; placentaComplementEnterobacterPeritonitisMesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantationbeta-Lactam ResistanceCatalysisImmunomodulationInorganic ChemistryPhagocytosisSpontaneous bacterial peritonitisHumansHuman amnion-derived mesenchymal stromal cellsAmnionBiology (General)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryQD1-999Complement ActivationMolecular BiologySpectroscopyAscitic fluidMacrophagesCarbapenem-resistant EnterobacteralesOrganic ChemistryPattern recognition moleculesEnterobacteriaceae InfectionsMesenchymal Stem CellsPeritoneal FibrosisFicolinsComplement System ProteinsGeneral MedicineBacterial LoadComputer Science ApplicationsChemistryTreatment OutcomeCirrhosisCarbapenemsReceptors Pattern RecognitionDisease SusceptibilityInflammation MediatorsBiomarkersInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences; Volume 23; Issue 2; Pages: 857
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Intermittent decoherence blockade in a chiral ring environment

2021

It has long been recognized that emission of radiation from atoms is not an intrinsic property of individual atoms themselves, but it is largely affected by the characteristics of the photonic environment and by the collective interaction among the atoms. A general belief is that preventing full decay and/or decoherence requires the existence of dark states, i.e., dressed light-atom states that do not decay despite the dissipative environment. Here, we show that, contrary to such a common wisdom, decoherence suppression can be intermittently achieved on a limited time scale, without the need for any dark state, when the atom is coupled to a chiral ring environment, leading to a highly non-e…

Quantum decoherenceQuantum informationScienceFOS: Physical sciencesRadiationRing (chemistry)Quantum mechanics01 natural sciencesArticle010305 fluids & plasmasQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsPhysicsQuantum PhysicsMultidisciplinarybusiness.industryQuantum feedbackQRDecoherence spontaneous emission Open quantum systemsDark stateDissipative systemMedicineCollective interactionPhotonicsbusinessQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Qubits
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Complex quantum state generation and coherent control based on integrated frequency combs

2019

The investigation of integrated frequency comb sources characterized by equidistant spectral modes was initially driven by considerations towards classical applications, seeking a more practical and miniaturized way to generate stable broadband sources of light. Recently, in the context of scaling the complexity of optical quantum circuits, these on-chip approaches have provided a new framework to address the challenges associated with non-classical state generation and manipulation. For example, multi-photon and high-dimensional states were to date either inaccessible, lacked scalability, or were difficult to manipulate, requiring elaborate approaches. The emerging field of quantum frequen…

Quantum opticsPhotonbusiness.industryComputer sciencePhysics::OpticsNanophotonics Photonic integrated circuits Quantum entanglement Spontaneous emissionSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi Elettromagnetici02 engineering and technologyQuantum entanglementSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsFrequency combQC350020210 optoelectronics & photonicsCoherent controlQuantum state0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectronic engineeringCoherent statesPhotonicsbusiness
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Dynamics of spontaneous emission in a single-end photonic waveguide

2012

We investigate the spontaneous emission of a two-level system, e.g. an atom or atomlike object, coupled to a single-end, i.e., semi-infinite, one-dimensional photonic waveguide such that one end behaves as a perfect mirror while light can pass through the opposite end with no back-reflection. Through a quantum microscopic model we show that such geometry can cause non-exponential and long-lived atomic decay. Under suitable conditions, a bound atom-photon stationary state appears in the atom-mirror interspace so as to trap a considerable amount of initial atomic excitation. Yet, this can be released by applying an atomic frequency shift causing a revival of photon emission. The resilience of…

Quantum opticsPhysicsCondensed Matter::Quantum GasesQuantum PhysicsWaveguide (electromagnetism)business.industryFOS: Physical sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsWaveguide QED spontaneous emissionPerfect mirrorAtomSpontaneous emissionPhysics::Atomic PhysicsAtomic physicsPhotonicsbusinessQuantum Physics (quant-ph)ExcitationStationary state
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Dynamic Characterization of Upconversion in Highly Er-Doped Silica Photonic Crystal Fibers

2012

Measurements of time evolution of amplified spontaneous emission for square-wave modulated pump were made on a highly erbium-doped silica photonic crystal fiber and fitted to theoretical results calculated using different formalisms to describe the ${\rm Er}^{3+}$ -ion migration-assisted co-operative upconversion mechanism in the population densities rate equations. The determined characterization parameters are the constant homogeneous upconversion coefficient, 3.0 $\times 10^{-24}~{\rm m}^{3}/{\rm s}$ , the critical radii for upconversion and migration, 10.5 and 14A, respectively, and the rate of clustered ions, 14%. These parameters are analysed and compared to those obtained with contin…

QuenchingAmplified spontaneous emissionMaterials scienceDopingPhysics::Opticschemistry.chemical_elementRate equationCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhoton upconversionIonErbiumchemistryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPhotonic-crystal fiberIEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
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