Search results for " Sports"

A Philosophy of Physical Education Oriented toward the Game as an Object. Showing the Inexhaustible Reality of Games through Bernard Suits’ Theory

2019

Although a large number of theories justify the presence of games in school, all of them converge in two of the educational functions described by Biesta, socialization and qualification. In contrast to this instrumental educational approach, the present article aims to develop the bases for a philosophy of physical education (PE) oriented toward the game as an object. This proposal is supported by Suits¿ theory of games and the object-oriented philosophy (OOP) introduced by Harman. The text presents a justification for games in the school setting by defending its intrinsic value. First, the instrumentalist justifications for games are presented in order to establish the state of the art. S…

Course and Predictors of Pain and Physical Functioning in Patients with Hip Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016

Objective: To systematically summarize the literature on: (i) the course of pain and physical functioning; and (ii) predictors of deterioration of pain and physical functioning in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsychINFO and SPORTDiscus up to July 2015. Meta-analyses and qualitative data syntheses were performed. Results: Eleven of the 15 included studies were of high quality. With regard to the course of pain and physical functioning, high heterogeneity was found across studies (I2 >71%) and within study populations (reflected by large standard deviations of change scores). Therefore, the course of pain and phy…

Specific distribution of cross-sectional area in each hamstring muscle of sprint runners and relationship between those and sprint performance

2018

The acute effects of different high-intensity conditioning activities on sprint performance differ between sprinters of different strength and power …

2021

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of different conditioning activities (CAs) on short-term increase in sprint performance. In twelve male sprinters (21.1+2.6 years, 100 m performance: 11.5+0.6 s) their body composition, half squat maximum strength, 100 m sprinting and countermovement jump performances were evaluated. The performance of a 50 m sprint (splits at 10 m, 30 m and 50 m) was evaluated before and 5, 10 and 15 min after four postactivation performance enhancement CAs on different occasions: [1] 3 sets x 4 s maximum isometric half squat (IHF), [2] 3 sets x 3 consecutive countermovement jumps (cCMJs), [3] 3 repetitions x 30 m overspeed sprinting (OVSP) and [4]…

I Symposium of Elite Performance in Combat Sports

2017

This report presents a summary of the I Symposium of Elite Performance in Combat Sports held in Madrid, May 27, 2017. The symposium, organized by the Faculty of Sport Sciences-INEF of the Polytechnic University of Madrid, aimed to bring science closer to practice. A panel of highly successful athletes involved in karate, fencing, and taekwondo shared their experiences. The speakers presented crucial topics for an optimal preparation and high level performance such as strength training, sport psychology, brain maturation, sports nutrition, competition planning, sport injuries, and perceptual-decision making training.

Processus attentionnels et apprentissage moteur

2012

International audience; Le but de cet article est de synthétiser les travaux portant sur les effets de l’attention volontaire sur l’apprentissage d’une habileté motrice. Les premiers modèles d’apprentissage considèrent que l’apprenant franchit plusieurs étapes au cours desquelles la sollicitation des processus attentionnels diminue (Fitts & Posner, 1967). Ainsi, la réalisation d’un mouvement nécessiterait d’engager de l’attention en début d’apprentissage alors qu’elle serait automatique en fin d’apprentissage. Cet article propose de vérifier cette affirmation au regard des recherches récentes qui révèlent que l’apprenant débutant module volontairement son attention a fin d’optimiser la réal…

Pārtrenētības fizioloģisko rādītāju izvērtējums profesionāliem basketbolistiem

2015

Ievads. Lai sasniegtu augstākus rezultātus, katram sportistam ir nepieciešams sistemātiski pārvarēt tādas slodzes, kas lielākas par submaksimālām treniņu slodzēm. Ir zināms, ka pārslodze rada nogurumu un darbaspēju samazināšanos, tāpēc nepieciešama atbilstoša atpūta vai samazināta treniņu slodze. Fizisku slodžu, pārslodžu un atpūtas – atjaunošanās fāžu periodizācija un plānošana ievērojami paaugstina fiziskās darbaspējas. Savukārt, ja pārslodze kombinējas ar kādu citu stresa faktoru, atlētam var attīsties pārtrenētības sindroms. Mērķis. Izvērtēt pārtrenētībai raksturīgos fizioloģiskos rādītājus profesionāliem basketbola spēlētājiem un salīdzināt tos aktīvajā spēļu periodā un treniņu periodā…

Physical activity as a protective factor for dementia and Alzheimer’s disease: systematic review, meta-analysis and quality assessment of cohort and …

2022

ObjectivePhysical activity (PA) is associated with a decreased incidence of dementia, but much of the evidence comes from short follow-ups prone to reverse causation. This meta-analysis investigates the effect of study length on the association.DesignA systematic review and meta-analysis. Pooled effect sizes, dose–response analysis and funnel plots were used to synthesise the results.Data sourcesCINAHL (last search 19 October 2021), PsycInfo, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science (21 October 2021) and SPORTDiscus (26 October 2021).Eligibility criteriaStudies of adults with a prospective follow-up of at least 1 year, a valid cognitive measure or cohort in mid-life at baseline and an estimate of the…

Psychometric Evaluation of the Norwegian Versions of the Modified Group Environment Questionnaire and the Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire

2021

This study aimed to translate the modified Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) and the Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire (YSEQ) into Norwegian, examine the factor structure and reliability of the scales through independent clusters model confirmatory factor analysis (ICM-CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM), and examine differential item functioning (DIF) as a function of sex. Three-hundred-and-thirty-three athletes (M(SD)age  = 18.7(2.60) years; 33% females) completed the GEQ. Three-hundred-and-three athletes (M(SD)age  = 15.0(1.48) years; 26% females) completed the YSEQ. Results indicated acceptable fit indices for a four-factor, a second-order two-factor (task a…

Sammenhengen mellom organisert idrettsdeltakelse, opplevd tilhørighet og psykologisk distress blant norske ungdommer : en ett-års oppfølgingsstudie

2016

Masteroppgave i folkehelsevitenskap – Universitetet i Agder 2016 The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sports participation, sense of belonging and psychological distress in a sample of Norwegian adolescents during a one-year period. We also wanted investigate the potential mediating effect of sense of belonging on the relationship between the degree of sports participation and psychological distress one year later. This longitudinal study is part of a larger project called "the Relevance of Physical Activity Contexts in Every-Day Life of Adolescents" (REPAC). This study is based on data collections made in spring 2014 (N = 3049) and 2015 (N = 2890) where student…