Search results for " Sucrose"
showing 10 items of 40 documents
Cryopreservation of Limonium serotinum apical meristems from in vitro plantlets using droplet-vitrification
2011
Abstract In this study in vitro shoot tips of a Sicilian genotype of Limonium serotinum were successfully cryopreserved using the droplet-vitrification technique. Growth recovery of cryopreserved shoot tips was possible only when samples were pretreated for 16 h in liquid medium with 0.3 M sucrose, then for 5 h in liquid medium with 0.7 M sucrose before performing the cryopreservation protocol. Optimal conditions included treatment for 20 min in a loading solution containing 1.9 M glycerol + 0.5 M sucrose, treatment with vitrification solution B5 (glycerol 40.0%, sucrose 40.0%, w/v) for 60 and 90 min or vitrification solution A9 (glycerol 30.0%, dimethylsulfoxide 20.0%, ethylene glycol 20.0…
Cryopreservation of Italian cultivars of hazelnut
2021
The present study was performed to optimise the cryopreservation protocol in Italian cultivars of Corylus avellana L. Lateral buds excised from in vitro grown plantlets of ‘Tonda Gentile Romana’ (TGR) and ‘Montebello’ (MB) were cryopreserved by the encapsulation-dehydration technique. The effect of dehydration of beads with sucrose (0.5, 0.75 or 1 M) for 1 or 3 days, of desiccation with silica gel for 6 or 8 h and of application of two cytokinins (N6-benzyladenine or meta-Topolin) in the regrowth phase was evaluated. The highest regrowth was obtained dehydrating alginate beads with 0.75 M sucrose applied for 1 day and with desiccation for 8 h with silica gel in both cultivars. On the other …
Frequent use of sugar products by schoolchildren in 20 European countries, Israel and Canada in 1993/1994
1999
The aim of this study was to describe the daily use of certain between-meal sugar products (soft drinks and sweets) of schoolchildren in 20 European countries, Israel and Canada as a part of the Cross-National Survey on Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children--a WHO Collaborative Study. The data were collected using standardised anonymous questionnaires in school classrooms during the 1993/1994 school year. In each country nationally or regionally representative samples of about 1,300 schoolchildren (450 in Greenland) were targeted. Use of sugar products was analysed according to sex, age, country, self-reported school performance and self-reported family economy. One third to one half of …
Italian Deprivation Index and Dental Caries in 12-Year-Old Children: A Multilevel Bayesian Analysis
2014
Evidence from the literature has shown that people with a lower socioeconomic status enjoy less good health than people with a higher socioeconomic status. The Italian deprivation index (DI) was used with the aim to evaluate the association between the DMFT index and risk factors for dental caries, including city population and DI. The study included 4,305 12-year-old children living in 38 cities classified by demographic size as small, midsize and large. Zero-inflated negative binomial multilevel regression models were used to assess risk factors for DMFT and to address excess of zero DMFT and overdispersion through a Bayesian approach. The difference in the average level of DMFT among chi…
Clustering of energy balance-related behaviors and parental education in European children: the ENERGY-project
2013
Published version of an article in the journal: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity. Also available from the publisher at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-10-5 Open access Background: Recent research and literature reviews show that, among schoolchildren, some specific energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs) are relevant for overweight and obesity prevention. It is also well known that the prevalence of overweight and obesity is considerably higher among schoolchildren from lower socio-economic backgrounds. This study examines whether sugared drinks intake, physical activity, screen time and usual sleep duration cluster in reliable and meaningful ways am…
Parental education associations with children's body composition: Mediation effects of energy balance-related behaviors within the ENERGY-project
2013
AbstractBackgroundIt is well known that the prevalence of overweight and obesity is considerably higher among youth from lower socio-economic families, but there is little information about the role of some energy balance-related behaviors in the association between socio-economic status and childhood overweight and obesity. The objective of this paper was to assess the possible mediation role of energy balance-related behaviors in the association between parental education and children’s body composition.MethodsData were obtained from the cross sectional study of the “EuropeaN Energy balance Research to prevent excessive weight Gain among Youth” (ENERGY) project. 2121 boys and 2516 girls a…
Changes in beverage consumption in Norwegian children from 2001 to 2008
2011
AbstractObjectiveTo analyse (i) differences in beverage pattern among Norwegian children in 2001 and 2008; (ii) beverage intake related to gender, parental education and family composition; and (iii) potential disparities in time trends among the different groups.DesignWithin the Fruits and Vegetables Make the Marks (FVMM) project, 6th and 7th grade pupils filled in a questionnaire about frequency of beverage intake (times/week) in 2001 and 2008.SettingTwenty-seven elementary schools in two Norwegian counties.SubjectsIn 2001 a total of 1488 and in 2008 1339 pupils participated.ResultsBetween 2001 and 2008, a decreased consumption frequency of juice (from 3·6 to 3·4 times/week, P = 0·012), l…
Effect of recurrent yohimbine on immediate and post-hoc behaviors, stress hormones, and energy homeostatic parameters
2013
Evidence from experimental models has suggested that acute activation of brain stress and anxiety pathways impacts subsequent behaviors that are mediated or modulated by limbic circuitry. There have been limited investigations of prior or chronic activation of these pathways on subsequent limbic-mediated behaviors. In this study, we tested whether recurrent administration of the anxiogenic compound yohimbine (YOH) could have post-injection effects on brain activation, stress hormones, and performance in sucrose self-administration and startle response paradigms. Rats received six injections across two weeks of either 2mg/kg YOH or saline. Behavioral evaluation confirmed the continued effica…
Deconstructing the vanilla milkshake: The dominant effect of sucrose on self-administration of nutrient–flavor mixtures
2007
Rats and humans avidly consume flavored foods that contain sucrose and fat, presumably due to their rewarding qualities. In this study, we hypothesized that the complex mixture of corn oil, sucrose, and flavor is more reinforcing than any of these components alone. We observed a concentration-dependent increase in reinforcers of sucrose solutions received (0%, 3%, 6.25%, and 12.5%) in both fixed ratio and progressive ratio procedures, but with equicaloric corn oil solutions (0%, 1.4%, 2.8%, and 5.6%) this finding was replicated only in the fixed ratio procedure. Likewise, addition of 1.4% oil to 3% or 12.5% sucrose increased fixed ratio, but not progressive ratio, reinforcers received relat…
Frequent Consumption of Sugar- and Artificially Sweetened Beverages and Natural and Bottled Fruit Juices Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Meta…
2016
Background: The relation between the consumption of sweetened beverages and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is controversial. Objective: This analysis evaluated the associations between intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), artificially sweetened beverages, and natural and bottled fruit juices and the incidence of MetS in elderly individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and without MetS at baseline. Methods: We prospectively examined 1868 participants free of MetS at baseline from the PREDIMED (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) study. MetS was defined by using the updated harmonized criteria of the International Diabetes Federation, the American Heart Association, and Nati…