Search results for " Surface temperature"
showing 10 items of 212 documents
Behavioral responses of Atlantic cod to sea temperature changes
2015
Understanding responses of marine species to temperature variability is essential to predict impacts of future climate change in the oceans. Most ectotherms are expected to adjust their behavior to avoid extreme temperatures and minimize acute changes in body temperature. However, measuring such behavioral plasticity in the wild is challenging. Combining 4 years of telemetry-derived behavioral data on juvenile and adult (30–80 cm) Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), and in situ ocean temperature measurements, we found a significant effect of sea temperature on cod depth use and activity level in coastal Skagerrak. During summer, cod were found in deeper waters when sea surface temperature increase…
Ocean acidification affects fish spawning but not paternity at CO2 seeps
2016
Fish exhibit impaired sensory function and altered behaviour at levels of ocean acidification expected to occur owing to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions during this century. We provide the first evidence of the effects of ocean acidification on reproductive behaviour of fish in the wild. Satellite and sneaker male ocellated wrasse (Symphodus ocellatus) compete to fertilize eggs guarded by dominant nesting males. Key mating behaviours such as dominant male courtship and nest defence did not differ between sites with ambient versus elevated CO2 concentrations. Dominant males did, however, experience significantly lower rates of pair spawning at elevated CO2 levels. Despite the higher r…
Behavioural responses of breeding arctic sandpipers to ground-surface temperature and primary productivity
2021
Most birds incubate their eggs, which requires time and energy at the expense of other activities. Birds generally have two incubation strategies: biparental where both mates cooperate in incubating eggs, and uniparental where a single parent incubates. In harsh and unpredictable environments, incubation is challenging due to high energetic demands and variable resource availability. We studied the relationships between the incubation behaviour of sandpipers (genus Calidris) and two environmental variables: temperature and a proxy of primary productivity (i.e. NDVI). We investigated how these relationships vary between incubation strategies and across species among strategies. We also stud…
A Renewable Energy mix to Supply the Balearic Islands: Sea Wave, Wind and Solar
2018
The paper investigates the status of the electrical energy sector in the Balearic Islands (Spain). In order to improve the energetic sustainability, this work analysis the availability of renewable energy sources, focusing the attention on sea wave, wind and solar. For the utilization of sea wave source, an innovative device is proposed.
Estimación de la temperatura superficial del mar desde datos satelitales NOAA-AVHRR: validación de algoritmos aplicados a la costa norte de Chile
2011
Se aplicaron y compararon tres algoritmos del tipo Split-Window (SW), que permitieron estimar la temperatura superficial del mar desde datos aportados por el sensor Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), a bordo de la serie de satélites de la National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). La validación de los algoritmos fue lograda por comparación con mediciones in situ de temperatura del mar provenientes de una boya hidrográfica, ubicada frente a la costa norte de Chile (21°21'S, 70°6'W; Región de Tarapacá), a 3 km de la costa aproximadamente. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron por aplicación del algoritmo propuesto por Sobrino & Raissouni (2000). En efecto, diferenci…
Modelling bulk surface resistance by MODIS data and assessment of MOD16A2 evapotranspiration product in an irrigation district of Southern Italy
2016
Abstract In this study, accurate estimates of daily actual evapotranspiration, ET a , were obtained based on the direct Penman–Monteith application, in which the bulk surface resistance term was computed by considering, as main input, daily remotely sensed Land Surface Temperature (LST). In particular, Eddy Covariance measurements of ET a , associated to LST obtained by MODIS time series (MOD11A2) characterized by 8-day resolution, allowed to calibrate a simple bulk surface resistance model, based on two-years of data observations collected in a quite homogeneous irrigation district of Sicily, where olive grove is the main crop. The model was then validated by an independent database collec…
Accounting for Input Noise in Gaussian Process Parameter Retrieval
2020
Gaussian processes (GPs) are a class of Kernel methods that have shown to be very useful in geoscience and remote sensing applications for parameter retrieval, model inversion, and emulation. They are widely used because they are simple, flexible, and provide accurate estimates. GPs are based on a Bayesian statistical framework which provides a posterior probability function for each estimation. Therefore, besides the usual prediction (given in this case by the mean function), GPs come equipped with the possibility to obtain a predictive variance (i.e., error bars, confidence intervals) for each prediction. Unfortunately, the GP formulation usually assumes that there is no noise in the inpu…
Thermal imaging ruled out as a supplementary assessment in patients with fibromyalgia: A cross-sectional study
2021
Background The diagnosis of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) syndrome is often complicated and relies on diagnostic criteria based mostly on the symptoms reported by patients. Implementing objective complementary tests would be desirable to better characterize this population. Objective The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to compare the skin temperature at rest using thermography in women with FMS and healthy women. Methods Eighty-six women with FMS and 92 healthy controls volunteered to participate. The temperature of all participants was measured by infra-red thermography, registering the skin surface temperature (minimum, maximum and average) at rest in different areas: neck, upper…
Wind forcing and fate of <i>Sardinella aurita</i> eggs and larvae in the Sicily Channel (Mediterranean Sea)
2015
Abstract. Multidisciplinary studies are recently seeking to define diagnostic tools for fishery sustainability by coupling ichthyoplanktonic datasets, physical and bio-geochemical oceanographic measurements, and ocean modelling. The main goal of these efforts is the understanding of those processes that control fate and dispersion of fish larvae and eggs and thus tune the inter-annual variability of biomass of fish species. We here analyzed eggs and larvae distribution and biological features of Sardinella aurita in the northeast sector of the Sicily Channel (Mediterranean Sea) collected during the 2010 and 2011 summer cruises. We make use of satellite sea surface temperature, wind, and chl…
Interannual to decadal variability of summer sea surface temperature in the Sea of Okhotsk recorded in the shell growth history of Stimpson's hard cl…
2017
Abstract Sclerochronological and shell stable oxygen isotopic analyses were conducted on live-caught specimens of Stimpson's hard clams, Mercenaria stimpsoni , from the southern Sea of Okhotsk, off northern Hokkaido, Japan. In this region, the main growing season of this species during early ontogeny (below the age of 12 years) lasts from mid-spring to mid-fall at sea surface temperatures (SST) between approximately 10 and 22 °C. Growth cessation begins between late fall and early spring at SST, below approximately 6 °C; however, shell growth was largely limited to the summer season later in life. Counting of annual increments indicated that this species had a relatively long life span of u…