Search results for " TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACEUTICS"

showing 10 items of 461 documents

Comparing the Antileishmanial Activity of Gold(I) and Gold(III) Compounds in L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis in Vitro

2020

Abstract Abstract: A series of mononuclear coordination or organometallic AuI/AuIII complexes (1–9) have been comparatively studied in vitro for their antileishmanial activity against promastigotes and amastigotes, the clinically relevant parasite form, of Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania braziliensis. One of the cationic AuI bis‐N‐heterocyclic carbenes (3) has low EC50 values (ca. 4 μM) in promastigotes cells and no toxicity in host macrophages. Together with two other AuIII complexes (6 and 7), the compound is also extremely effective in intracellular amastigotes from L. amazonensis. Initial mechanistic studies include an evaluation of the gold complexes′ effect on L. amazonensis’ pl…

StereochemistryAntiprotozoal Agentsamastigotes01 natural sciencesBiochemistryMiceGold iiiParasitic Sensitivity TestsGold CompoundsDrug Discoverygold compoundsmedicineAnimalsGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsAmastigoteleishmaniasisCells CulturedEC50LeishmaniaPharmacologyMice Inbred BALB CMolecular Structurebiology010405 organic chemistryChemistryCommunicationOrganic ChemistryLeishmaniasismedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationLeishmania braziliensisCommunicationsIn vitroddc:0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryMolecular MedicinepromastigotesOrganogold CompoundsIntracellularChemMedChem
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Antiproliferative agents that interfere with the cell cycle at the G(1)-->S transition: further development and characterization of a small library o…

2008

In this continuation of our research on derivatives containing the stilbene privileged structure or that are derived from it, we report the results of further studies carried out on the previously initiated collection of compounds. We used a parallel synthetic approach to rapidly obtain small sets of compounds and started the annotation of the library in progress by calculating some physicochemical properties to be eventually correlated with biological activities. A pharmacophore for the antiproliferative activity was also built to summarize the features of the library. We evaluated the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of all compounds as well as the cell-cycle effects of some…

StereochemistryCellular differentiationAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisHL-60 CellsBiochemistryS PhaseSmall Molecule Librarieschemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50Biological profileCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryStilbenespharmacophoresHumansGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsPhosphorylationPharmacologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryG1 PhaseRetinoblastomaSmall Molecule LibrariesG1/S transitionCell DifferentiationCell cycleFlow CytometryCombinatorial chemistryantitumor agentAntiproliferative AgentsMolecular MedicineTriolcell cyclePharmacophoreC-C couplingK562 Cells
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Gold(I) Biscarbene Complexes Derived from Vascular-Disrupting Combretastatin A-4 Address Different Targets and Show Antimetastatic Potential

2014

Gold N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes are an emerging class of anticancer drugs. We present a series of gold(I) biscarbene complexes with NHC ligands derived from the plant metabolite combretastatin A-4 (CA-4) that retain its vascular-disrupting effect, yet address different cellular and protein targets. Unlike CA-4, these complexes did not interfere with tubulin, but with the actin cytoskeleton of endothelial and cancer cells. For the highly metastatic 518A2 melanoma cell line this effect was accompanied by a marked accumulation of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and a suppression of active prometastatic matrix metalloproteinase-2. Despite these mechanistic differences the co…

StereochemistryNeovascularization PhysiologicAntineoplastic AgentsBiologyBiochemistryMicechemistry.chemical_compoundCoordination ComplexesTubulinCell Line TumorBibenzylsDrug DiscoveryHuman Umbilical Vein Endothelial CellsAnimalsHumansGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsMelanomaCell ProliferationPharmacologyCombretastatin A-4Tube formationCombretastatinMice Inbred BALB COrganic ChemistryCell cycleActin cytoskeletonG2 Phase Cell Cycle CheckpointsActin CytoskeletonChorioallantoic membranechemistryDrug Resistance NeoplasmCell cultureCancer cellMCF-7 CellsCancer researchMolecular MedicineGoldHT29 CellsMethaneChemMedChem
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The Marine Sponge-Derived Inorganic Polymers, Biosilica and Polyphosphate, as Morphogenetically Active Matrices/Scaffolds for the Differentiation of …

2014

The two marine inorganic polymers, biosilica (BS), enzymatically synthesized from ortho-silicate, and polyphosphate (polyP), a likewise enzymatically synthesized polymer consisting of 10 to >100 phosphate residues linked by high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds, have previously been shown to display a morphogenetic effect on osteoblasts. In the present study, the effect of these polymers on the differential differentiation of human multipotent stromal cells (hMSC), mesenchymal stem cells, that had been encapsulated into beads of the biocompatible plant polymer alginate, was studied. The differentiation of the hMSCs in the alginate beads was directed either to the osteogenic cell lineage by …

Stromal cellAlginatesPolymersCellular differentiationOsteogenesis DistractionPharmaceutical ScienceBone Morphogenetic Protein 2biosilica; polyphosphate; multipotent stromal cells; mesenchymal stem cells; alkaline phosphatase; 3D cell/tissue printing; distraction osteogenesisBone morphogenetic protein 2ChondrocyteArticleCollagen Type IGlucuronic AcidPolyphosphatesDrug Discoverymedicinemultipotent stromal cellsAnimalsHumansbiosilicaPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)lcsh:QH301-705.5Collagen Type IImesenchymal stem cells3D cell/tissue printingOsteoblastsTissue ScaffoldsChemistryHexuronic AcidsMesenchymal stem cellBiomaterialpolyphosphateCell DifferentiationAnatomyChondrogenesisAlkaline PhosphataseSilicon DioxideCell biologyPoriferamedicine.anatomical_structuredistraction osteogenesislcsh:Biology (General)Alkaline phosphataseMarine Drugs
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Instant labeling of therapeutic cells for multimodality imaging

2020

Autologous therapeutic cells are typically harvested and transplanted in one single surgery. This makes it impossible to label them with imaging biomarkers through classical transfection techniques in a laboratory. To solve this problem, we developed a novel microfluidic device, which provides highly efficient labeling of therapeutic cells with imaging biomarkers through mechanoporation. Methods: Studies were performed with a new, custom-designed microfluidic device, which contains ridges, which compress adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) during their device passage. Cell relaxation after compression leads to cell volume exchange for convective transfer of nanoparticles and nanoparti…

SwineCellMedicine (miscellaneous)Multimodal Imaging030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingin vivo cell tracking03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineIn vivoFluorodeoxyglucose F18medicinemicrofluidic deviceAnimalsMagnetite NanoparticlesPharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous)mechanoporationCells Culturedmedicine.diagnostic_testStaining and LabelingChemistryStem Cellsiron oxide nanoparticlesMagnetic resonance imagingTransfectionMagnetic Resonance Imaging18F-FDGmedicine.anatomical_structureAdipose TissuePositron emission tomography030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPositron-Emission TomographyStem cellIron oxide nanoparticlesEx vivoBiomarkersBiomedical engineeringResearch PaperTheranostics
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Real-Life Outcomes of Coronary Bifurcation Stenting in Acute Myocardial Infarction (Zabrze–Opole Registry)

2021

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of bifurcation lesions is a technical challenge associated with high risk of adverse events, especially in primary PCI. The aim of the study is to analyze long-term outcomes after PCI for coronary bifurcation in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The outcome was defined as the rate of major adverse cardiac event related to target lesion failure (MACE-TLF) (death-TLF, nonfatal myocardial infarction-TLF and target lesion revascularization (TLR)) and the rate of stent thrombosis (ST). From 306 patients enrolled to the registry, 113 were diagnosed with AMI. In the long term, AMI was not a risk factor for MACE-TLF. The risk of MACE-TLF was dependent on th…

Target lesionmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentacute myocardial infarctionCulpritArticlemedicine.arteryInternal medicinemedicineDiseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) systemPharmacology (medical)cardiovascular diseasesMyocardial infarctionGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsRisk factoracute myocardial infarction; coronary bifurcation; percutaneous coronary intervention; target lesion failureAdverse effectcoronary bifurcationbusiness.industrypercutaneous coronary interventionPercutaneous coronary interventionmedicine.diseaseRC666-701Right coronary arteryConventional PCICardiologytarget lesion failurebusinessJournal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
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Expression and possible functions of the cholinergic system in a murine embryonic stem cell line.

2007

The expression of a cholinergic system during embryonic development is a widespread phenomenon. However, no precise function could be assigned to it during early pre-neural stages and there are only few studies that document when it precisely starts to be expressed. Here, we examined the expression of cholinergic components in a murine embryonic stem cell line by RT-PCR, histochemistry, and enzyme activity measurements; the acetylcholine (ACh) content was measured by HPLC. We have demonstrated that embryonic stem cells express ACh, acetylcholine receptors, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), acetyl- and butyryl-cholinesterase (AChE and BChE). Butyryl-cholinesterase (BChE) expression was highe…

Time FactorsBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyCell LineCholine O-AcetyltransferaseMicemedicineAnimalsCholinesterasesReceptors CholinergicGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsEmbryonic Stem CellsAcetylcholine receptorCell ProliferationTetraisopropylpyrophosphamideReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionGene Expression ProfilingGeneral MedicineBenzenaminium 44'-(3-oxo-15-pentanediyl)bis(NN-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-) DibromideCholine acetyltransferaseEmbryonic stem cellMolecular biologyAcetylcholineCell cultureButyrylcholinesteraseAcetylcholinesteraseCholinergicCholinesterase InhibitorsStem cellAcetylcholineAdult stem cellmedicine.drugLife sciences
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Micellar liquid chromatography in doping control.

2010

The issue of doping control in sport involves the development of reliable analytical procedures and efficient strategies to process a large number of samples in a short period of time. Reversed-phase LC techniques with aqueous–organic mobile phases and MS or diode-array detection yield satisfactory results for the identification of prohibited substances in sport. However, time-consuming sample pretreatment steps are required, which reduces sample throughput. Micellar LC (MLC) that uses hybrid mobile phases of surfactant above its critical micellar concentration and organic solvent has been revealed as an interesting alternative. The surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate solubilizes the protein…

Time FactorsClinical BiochemistryAnalytical chemistrySensitivity and SpecificityAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundSurface-Active AgentsPulmonary surfactantHumansGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsSodium dodecyl sulfateDiureticsMicellesDoping in SportsChromatographyChemistryProteinsReproducibility of ResultsSodium Dodecyl SulfateWaterGeneral MedicineDilutionMedical Laboratory TechnologySolubilityMicellar liquid chromatographyCritical micelle concentrationYield (chemistry)SolventsAnalytical proceduresSelectivityChromatography LiquidBioanalysis
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Suppression of intestinal microbiota-dependent production of pro-atherogenic trimethylamine N-oxide by shifting L-carnitine microbial degradation.

2014

Abstract Aims Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is produced in host liver from trimethylamine (TMA). TMAO and TMA share common dietary quaternary amine precursors, carnitine and choline, which are metabolized by the intestinal microbiota. TMAO recently has been linked to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and severity of cardiovascular diseases. We examined the effects of anti-atherosclerotic compound meldonium, an aza-analogue of carnitine bioprecursor gamma-butyrobetaine (GBB), on the availability of TMA and TMAO. Main methods Wistar rats received L-carnitine, GBB or choline alone or in combination with meldonium. Plasma, urine and rat small intestine perfusate samples were assayed for L-car…

TrimethylamineTrimethylamine N-oxideBacterial growthBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyStatistics NonparametricCholinechemistry.chemical_compoundMethylaminesBetaineTandem Mass SpectrometryCarnitineBlood plasmamedicineCholineAnimalsCarnitineGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsRats WistarChromatography High Pressure LiquidMeldoniumCarbon IsotopesMicrobiotaGeneral MedicineBiosynthetic PathwaysRatsBetaineGastrointestinal TractBiochemistrychemistrymedicine.drugMethylhydrazinesLife sciences
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Development of Novel Benzodiazepine-Based Peptidomimetics as Inhibitors of Rhodesain from Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.

2020

Starting from the reversible rhodesain inhibitors 1 a-c, which have Ki values towards the target protease in the low-micromolar range, we have designed a series of peptidomimetics, 2 a-g, that contain a benzodiazepine scaffold as a β-turn mimetic; they are characterized by a specific peptide sequence for the inhibition of rhodesain. Considering that irreversible inhibition is strongly desirable in the case of a parasitic target, a vinyl ester moiety acting as Michael-acceptor was introduced as the warhead; this portion was functionalized in order to evaluate the size of corresponding enzyme pocket that could accommodate this substituent. With this investigation, we identified an irreversibl…

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiensehuman African trypanosomiasiStereochemistryPeptidomimeticmedicine.medical_treatmentSubstituentAntiprotozoal AgentsTrypanosoma bruceiCysteine Proteinase Inhibitors01 natural sciencesBiochemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundBenzodiazepinesStructure-Activity RelationshipDrug DevelopmentParasitic Sensitivity TestsDrug DiscoverymedicineMoietyTrypanosoma bruceiGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsPeptide sequencePharmacologyrhodesainProteasebiologyDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular Structure010405 organic chemistryOrganic ChemistryTrypanosoma brucei rhodesiensebenzodiazepine scaffoldbiology.organism_classificationpeptidomimetic0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistryCysteine EndopeptidaseschemistryMolecular MedicinePeptidomimeticsMichael acceptorLead compoundChemMedChem
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