Search results for " Temperature"
showing 10 items of 2370 documents
Temperature Measurement by Diffusion-Weighted Imaging
2021
Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) thermometry is a magnetic resonance-based imaging tool that allows the noninvasive measurement of brain core temperature. Although only applicable to cerebrospinal fluid, it is thought to be potentially useful in assessing the thermal pathophysiology of the brain in both patients and healthy subjects. The objective of this article is to provide a concise but thorough review of the basic physical principles and the principal applications of DWI thermometry as a potential method to elucidate the pathophysiology of several brain diseases and neurologic syndromes.
Measurement of energy expenditure by activity monitors: is it feasible to measure energy expenditure using tiny portable monitors?
2013
Physical inactivity has a major health effect worldwide. It is stated in the currently published physical activity recommendations for adults to promote and maintain health, that all healthy adults need moderate intensity physical activity for a minimum of 30 minutes, 5 days per week or vigorous intensity aerobic physical activity for a minimum of 20 minutes, 3 days per week. Physical activity can be defined as any bodily movement produced by the contraction of skeletal muscles that substantially increases energy expenditure and is characterised by its intensity, duration, frequency and mode of activity. Ideally, all these aspects should be recorded during physical activity measurements. Ho…
Thermographic imaging in sports and exercise medicine:a Delphi study and consensus statement on the measurement of human skin temperature
2017
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd The importance of using infrared thermography (IRT) to assess skin temperature (t sk ) is increasing in clinical settings. Recently, its use has been increasing in sports and exercise medicine; however, no consensus guideline exists to address the methods for collecting data in such situations. The aim of this study was to develop a checklist for the collection of t sk using IRT in sports and exercise medicine. We carried out a Delphi study to set a checklist based on consensus agreement from leading experts in the field. Panelists (n = 24) representing the areas of sport science (n = 8; 33%), physiology (n = 7; 29%), physiotherapy (n = 3; 13%) and medicine (n = 6; 25%…
Effects of three different water temperatures on dehydration in competitive swimmers
2011
Summary Aims The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of three different water temperatures on physiological responses (dehydration, sweat rate, urine output, rectal temperature and plasma electrolytes) of competitive athletes during a “simulated” race of 5 km in an indoor swimming pool. Methods Nine male competitive master swimmers swam 5 km with the water at temperatures of 23, 27 and 32 C. Immediately before (Pre) and after (Post) each trial, samples of blood and urine were collected, body weight was recorded and rectal temperature was measured. The dehydration percentage and sweat rate were the highest at 32 C and the lowest at 23 C (23 C: −0.9 ± 0.5; 27 C: −1.3 ± 0.6; 32 C…
Beneficial Effect of Melatonin on Blastocyst In Vitro Production from Heat-Stressed Bovine Oocytes
2013
Melatonin may play an important role in protecting gametes and embryos from the potential harmful effects of oxidative stress. In this study, we first examined two different heat stress (HS) treatments for in vitro oocyte maturation (Experiment 1: 38.5 vs 41.0°C, during the first 20 h; Experiment 2: 38.5 vs 41.5°C, during the entire period) on bovine oocyte maturation and embryo development. Second, we tested different melatonin concentrations added to the maturation and culture medium (Experiment 3: 0, 10(-12) , 10(-9) , 10(-4) m; Experiment 4: 0, 10(-3) m), both with and without HS (38.5 or 41.5°C, respectively). In Experiment 1, the HS treatment resulted in a lower maturation rate and …
Increased pain and neurogenic inflammation in mice deficient of neutral endopeptidase
2009
The complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is characterized by enhanced neurogenic inflammation, mediated by neuropeptides. Neutral endopeptidase (NEP) is a key enzyme in neuropeptide catabolism. We used NEP knock out (ko) mice to investigate whether NEP deficiency leads to increased pain behavior and signs of neurogenic inflammation after soft tissue trauma with and without nerve injury. After chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the right sciatic nerve, NEP ko mice were more sensitive to heat, to mechanical stimuli, and to cold than wild type mice. Tissue injury without nerve injury produced no differences between genotypes. After CCI, NEP ko mice showed increased hind paw edema but lower …
Contrasting patterns of temperature related mortality and hospitalization by cardiovascular and respiratory diseases in 52 Spanish cities.
2020
Climate change is a severe public health challenge. Understanding to what extent fatal and non-fatal consequences of specific diseases are associated with temperature may help to improve the effectiveness of preventive public health efforts. This study examines the effects of temperature on deaths and hospital admissions by cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, empathizing the difference between mortality and morbidity.
Five-year results from the prospective European multicentre cohort study on radiofrequency segmental thermal ablation for incompetent great saphenous…
2015
AbstractBackgroundThis was a prospective study of radiofrequency segmental thermal ablation (RFA) for the treatment of incompetent varicose great saphenous veins (GSVs). The present report describes long-term follow-up at 5 years.MethodsThe 5-year follow-up of this multicentre European study included assessment of the Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), and GSV occlusion and reflux on duplex imaging.ResultsA total of 225 patients had 295 GSVs treated by RFA, achieving an initial vein occlusion rate of 100 per cent. With 80·0 per cent compliance, Kaplan–Meier analyses showed a GSV occlusion rate of 91·9 per cent and a reflux-free rate of 94·9 per cent at 5 years. Among the 15 GSVs noted w…
Effect of water immersion on post-rotatory and caloric nystagmus.
1991
Caloric nystagmus and post-rotatory nystagmus were recorded with and without head-out water immersion. As water immersion reduces body weight by about 90% owing to buoyancy, it decreases somatosensory inputs. Thus water immersion can be used to simulate a weightless environment. Caloric nystagmus was enhanced significantly by water immersion; however, post-rotatory nystagmus was not. These findings demonstrate that caloric nystagmus is easily affected by water immersion which decreases somatosensory inputs, but that post-rotatory nystagmus is not.
Bile Duct Warmer in Hepatic Cryosurgery—A Pig Liver Model
1998
Freezing of the common bile duct resulted in injury, stenosis, or perforation of the bile duct in a dog model. Biliary cutaneous fistulas and bile leaks are reported as complications of hepatic cryosurgery in man. In an ex vivo pig liver model we compared freezing close to the bile duct with and without warming the bile duct with warmed saline solution via an inserted catheter ("bile duct warmer"). The recorded temperatures at the outer wall of the bile duct were -50 degrees C after 10 min of freezing without and 5. 8 degrees C with the use of the warmer (P0.001, two-way ANOVA). The bile duct warmer system may be a simple and inexpensive device in reducing perioperative morbidity after hepa…