Search results for " Temperature"

Height as a predictor of Parkinson's disease: a case-control study.

2005

Time-dependent Landauer—Büttiker formalism for superconducting junctions at arbitrary temperatures

2016

We discuss an extension of our earlier work on the time-dependent Landauer– Büttiker formalism for noninteracting electronic transport. The formalism can without complication be extended to superconducting central regions since the Green’s functions in the Nambu representation satisfy the same equations of motion which, in turn, leads to the same closed expression for the equal-time lesser Green’s function, i.e., for the time-dependent reduced one-particle density matrix. We further write the finite-temperature frequency integrals in terms of known special functions thereby considerably speeding up the computation. Simulations in simple normal metal – superconductor – normal metal junctions…

Impact of Ageing on Pea Protein Volatile Compounds and Correlation with Odor

2022

Vegetal proteins are of high interest for their many positive aspects, but their ‘beany’ off-flavor is still limiting the consumer’s acceptance. The aim of this work was to investigate the conservation of pea protein isolate (PPI) during time and especially the evolution of their organoleptic quality under two storage conditions. The evolution of the volatile compounds, the odor and the color of a PPI has been investigated during one year of storage. PPI was exposed to two treatments mimicking a lack of control of storage conditions: treatment A with light exposition at ambient temperature (A—Light 20 °C) and treatment B in the dark but with a higher temperature …

Effect of Gold(I) on the Room-Temperature Phosphorescence of Ethynylphenanthrene.

2020

The synthesis of two series of gold(I) complexes containing the general formulae PR 3 ‐Au‐C≡C‐phenanthrene (PR 3 = PPh 3 ( 1a / 2a ), PMe 3 ( 1b / 2b ), PNaph 3 ( 1c / 2c )) or (diphos)(Au‐C≡C‐phenanthrene) 2 (diphos = 1,1‐ bis (diphenylphosphino)methane, dppm ( 1d / 2d ); 1,4‐ bis (diphenylphosphino)butane, dppb ( 1e / 2e )) have been synthesized. The two series differ on the position of the alkynyl substituent on the phenanthrene chromophore, being at the 9‐position (9‐ethynylphenanthrene) for the L1 ‐series and at the 2‐position (2‐ethynylphenanthrene) for the L2 ‐series. The compounds have been fully characterized by 1 H and 31 P NMR and IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and single cry…

Photoinduced changes in phytochromes studied by means of low temperature UV-Vis spectroscopy

2018

Phytochromes are a major family of red-light-sensing kinases that control diverse cellular functions in plants, bacteria and fungi. These proteins must relay structural signals from the sensory site over large distances to regulatory output domains. To accomplish this function, they undergo rather large structural changes from one state to another. The general aim of this work was to study these structural changes and possible protonation states of the photosensory core of the bacteriophytochrome from Deinococcus radiodurans in the intermediate states of the photoreaction, which became possible to observe under low temperatures. Moreover, it was interesting to investigate the role Serine272…

Impact of Separator Thickness on Temperature Distribution in Single Cell of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Operated at Higher Temperature of 90 °C and…

2022

The New Energy and Industry Technology Development Organization (NEDO) road map (Japan, 2017) has proposed that a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) system, which operates at a temperature of 90 °C and 100 °C, be applied for stationary and mobility usage, respectively. This study suggests using a thin polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) and a thin gas diffusion layer (GDL), at the same time, to achieve better power-generation performance, at a higher temperature than usual. The focus of this paper is to clarify the effect of separator thickness on the distribution of temperature at the reaction surface (Treact), with the relative humidity (RH) of the supply gasses and initial operation tem…

Effects of pyrolysis temperature on the hydrologically relevant porosity of willow biochar

2018

Biochar pore space consists of porosity of multiple length scales. In direct water holding applications like water storage for plant water uptake, the main interest is in micrometre-range porosity since these pores are able to store water that is easily available for plants. Gas adsorption measurements which are commonly used to characterize the physical pore structure of biochars are not able to quantify this pore-size range. While pyrogenetic porosity (i.e. pores formed during pyrolysis process) tends to increase with elevated process temperature, it is uncertain whether this change affects the pore space capable to store plant available water. In this study, we characterized biochar poro…

Using the hierarchical modeling approach to derive spatial distribution of precipitation and temperature datasets. A case study for the area of Sicil…

2013

The interest for spatial interpolating climatic variables available by means of point measurements, as precipitation and temperature, arises from different needs, ranging from their usage for hydrological models to the reconstruction of climatic atlas of spatially distributed data. In some areas the spatial distribution of these variables can be related to the extremely variable morphology of the area. While simple deterministic interpolation methods usually produce just the spatial distribution of the variable of interest, implicitly relying on the spatial autocorrelation and manually tuning a few parameters, more complex statistical models, are able to derive the uncertainty associated wi…

A Statistical Approach for A-Posteriori Deployment of Microclimate Sensors in Museums: A Case Study

2022

[EN] The deployment of sensors is the first issue encountered when microclimate monitoring is planned in spaces devoted to the conservation of artworks. Sometimes, the first decision regarding the position of sensors may not be suitable for characterising the microclimate close to climate sensitive artworks or should be revised in light of new circumstances. This paper fits into this context by proposing a rational approach for a posteriori deployment of microclimate sensors in museums where long-term temperature and relative humidity observations were available (here, the Rosenborg Castle, Copenhagen, Denmark). Different statistical tools such as box-and-whisker plots, principal component …

Highly occupied gauge theories in 2 + 1 dimensions : a self-similar attractor

2019

Motivated by the boost-invariant Glasma state in the initial stages in heavy-ion collisions, we perform classical-statistical simulations of SU(2) gauge theory in 2+1 dimensional space-time both with and without a scalar field in the adjoint representation. We show that irrespective of the details of the initial condition, the far-from-equilibrium evolution of these highly occupied systems approaches a unique universal attractor at high momenta that is the same for the gauge and scalar sectors. We extract the scaling exponents and the form of the distribution function close to this non-thermal fixed point. We find that the dynamics are governed by an energy cascade to higher momenta with sc…