Search results for " Timing"
showing 10 items of 87 documents
Moving Averages for Market Timing
2016
This paper begins by presenting the moving average methodology of detecting the direction of a trend and identifying turning points in the trend in real time. The paper then proceeds to introduce the general weighted moving average, derives some of its key properties, and discusses how to quantitatively assess the two important characteristics of a moving average: the average lag time and the smoothness. Finally the paper aims to give an overview of some specific types of moving averages used in market timing. These types include regular moving averages, moving averages of moving averages, and mixed moving averages with less lag time. Different types of moving averages are compared to each …
The effect of early or late R&D inbound alliance on innovation
2016
In the research-and-development (R&D) supply chain, firms can agree an inbound alliance at different times along the R&D process; this decision affects the supplier's effort and the innovation that firms achieve at the end of the agreement. Because the supplier's effort is not entirely observable, firms cannot enforce effort contractually. Early contracts demand greater effort and offer risk-sharing opportunities; in late contracts suppliers have a stronger ex-ante bargaining-power position because of the shorter (and less risky) contract length and the experience suppliers already have. This study argues that later inbound alliances allow a higher innovation value when both partner…
Learning to perceive time: A connectionist, memory-decay model of the development of interval timing in infants
2011
International audience; We present the first developmental model of interval timing. It is a memory-based connectionist model of how infants learn to perceive time. It has two novel features that are not found in other models. First, it uses the uncertainty of a memory for an event as an index of how long ago that event happened. Secondly, embodiment – specifically, infant motor activity – is crucial to the calibration of time-perception both within and across sensory modalities. We describe the model and present three simulations which show (1) how it uses sensory memory uncertainty and bodily representaions to index time, (2) that the scalar property of interval timing (Gibbon, 1977) emer…
The real-life performance of market timing with moving average and time-series momentum rules
2014
In this article, we revisit the myths regarding the superior performance of market timing strategies based on moving average and time-series momentum rules. These active timing strategies are very appealing to investors because of their extraordinary simplicity and because they promise substantial advantages over their passive counterparts. However, the ‘too good to be true’ reported performance of these market timing rules raises a legitimate concern as to whether this performance is realistic and whether investors can expect that future performance will be the same as the documented historical performance. We argue that the reported performance of market timing strategies usually contains…
A real options game of alliance timing decisions in biopharmaceutical research and development
2017
Abstract In this article we examine the alliance timing trade-off facing both pharmaceutical and biotech firms in a stochastic and competitive environment. Specifically, we introduce a real options game (ROG), where a pharmaceutical company can choose between two competing biotech firms by sequentially offering a licensing deal early or late in the new drug development process. We find that, when the alliance raises the drug market value significantly, the agreement is signed late in the drug development process. This suggests that the postponement effect implied by the use of real options prevails over the biotech firms’ competition effect, which would instead play in favor of an early agr…
Timing effect of intramyocardial hydrogel injection for positively impacting left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction
2015
Intramyocardial injection of various injectable hydrogel materials has shown benefit in positively impacting the course of left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). However, since LV remodeling is a complex, time dependent process, the most efficacious time of hydrogel injection is not clear. In this study, we injected a relatively stiff, thermoresponsive and bioabsorbable hydrogel in rat hearts at 3 different time points - immediately after MI (IM), 3 d post-MI (3D), and 2 w post-MI (2W), corresponding to the beginnings of the necrotic, fibrotic and chronic remodeling phases. The employed left anterior descending coronary artery ligation model showed expected infar…
Phase dynamics in graphene-based Josephson junctions in the presence of thermal and correlated fluctuations
2014
In this work we study by numerical methods the phase dynamics in ballistic graphene-based short Josephson junctions. The supercurrent through a graphene junction shows a non-sinusoidal phase-dependence, unlike a conventional junction ruled by the well-known d.c. Josephson relation. A superconductor-graphene-superconductor system exhibits superconductive quantum metastable states similar to those present in normal current-biased JJs. We explore the effects of thermal and correlated fluctuations on the escape time from these metastable states, when the system is stimulated by an oscillating bias current. As a first step, the analysis is carried out in the presence of an external Gaussian whit…
Effect of COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns on planned cancer surgery for 15 tumour types in 61 countries: an international, prospective, cohort study
2021
This international, prospective, cohort study enrolled 20 006 adult (≥18 years) patients from 466 hospitals in 61 countries with 15 cancer types, who had a decision for curative surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic and were followed up until the point of surgery or cessation of follow-up (Aug 31, 2020). Average national Oxford COVID-19 Stringency Index scores were calculated to define the government response to COVID-19 for each patient for the period they awaited surgery, and classified into light restrictions (index 60). The primary outcome was the non-operation rate (defined as the proportion of patients who did not undergo planned surgery). Cox proportional-hazards regression models wer…
Genome-wide association and longitudinal analyses reveal genetic loci linking pubertal height growth, pubertal timing and childhood adiposity
2013
The pubertal height growth spurt is a distinctive feature of childhood growth reflecting both the central onset of puberty and local growth factors. Although little is known about the underlying genetics, growth variability during puberty correlates with adult risks for hormone-dependent cancer and adverse cardiometabolic health. The only gene so far associated with pubertal height growth, LIN28B, pleiotropically influences childhood growth, puberty and cancer progression, pointing to shared underlying mechanisms. To discover genetic loci influencing pubertal height and growth and to place them in context of overall growth and maturation, we performed genome-wide association meta-analyses i…
Fate of autologous dermal stem cells transplanted into the spinal cord after traumatic injury (TSCI)
2003
Rat dermis is a source of cells capable of growing in vitro and, in appropriate conditions, forming floating spheres constituted by nestin-positive cells. We have clonally grown these spheres up to the 15th generation. These spheres can be dissociated into cells that differentiate in vitro under appropriate conditions, these cells are labeled by antibodies to immature neuron markers such as nestin and beta-tubulin III and, later, to mature neuron markers such as microtubule-associated protein 2 and neurofilaments. However, most cells are positive to the astroglial marker glia fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). When sphere-derived cells are transplanted into the spinal cord after traumatic in…