Search results for " ToM"
showing 10 items of 1742 documents
A rare clinical entity: stump appendicitis. Case report and complete review of literature.
2019
BACKGROUND: Stump appendicitis is a rare delayed complication post-appendectomy and it represents a diagnostic problem as clinicians are often not very familiar with this pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One case of stump appendicitis has been reported in a 54 year old woman, whose acute phase was conservatively treated in our Department. A review of Medline literature was also carried out, from 1945 to 2015, showing 111 cases of stump appendicitis. RESULTS: Stump appendicitis has been reported after either open or laparoscopic appendectomy, in a range between days to several years from the first procedure. Nowadays, it is not considered yet as a possible differential diagnosis in patients…
Image-Guided Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound for Monitoring Posthemorrhagic Vasospasms of Infratentorial Arteries: A Feasibility Study
2019
Background A considerable number of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) develop vasospasms of the infratentorial arteries. Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) is used to screen for vasospasm. In this study, we used a technical modification that combines TCD with an image guidance device that the operator can use to navigate to the ultrasonic window and to predefined intracranial vascular targets. Our aim was to analyze the feasibility, spatial precision, and spatial reproducibility of serial image-guided TCD of infratentorial and—for comparison—supratentorial arteries in the clinical setting of monitoring for vasospasm after SAH. Methods The study included 10 SAH patients, who eac…
The unpleasantness of tonic pain is encoded by the insular cortex
2005
Objective: Muscle pain differs from skin pain with respect to quality, accuracy of localization, and unpleasantness. This study was conducted to identify the brain regions associated with the affective-motivational component of tonic skin and muscle pain. Methods: Forty healthy volunteers were investigated in three groups with different F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET activation scans. A verbal rating scale (VRS) was used to quantify pain intensity and unpleasantness. One group was investigated during painful infusion of an acidified phosphate buffer (pH 5.2) into either muscle or skin for 30 minutes. Muscle and skin infusions were adjusted to achieve pain intensity rating of VRS = 40. The seco…
Time Course of 5-HT2A Receptor Occupancy in the Human Brain after a Single Oral Dose of the Putative Antipsychotic Drug MDL 100,907 Measured by Posit…
1997
MDL 100,907 is a potent and selective antagonist of 5-HT2A serotonin receptors. Animals studies suggest that MDL 100,907 may behave as an atypical antipsychotic drug. Positron emission tomograph (PET) using [11C]NMSP as the radiotracer was used to define the time course of 5-HT2 receptor occupancy in the human frontal cerebral cortex after a single oral dose of MDL 100,907 (10 or 20 mg) in nine healthy subjects. After the baseline scan each subject was studied three times post dosing at various time points. 5-HT2 occupancies were in the range of 70 and 90% after each dose. While the occupancy remains in this range over 24 hours after 20 mg MDL 100,907, it decreases by about 20% at 24 hours …
Stone-Free Rate after Treating Kidney Stones Exceeding 10 mm via Flexible Ureteroscopy: Can Endoscopic Assessment Replace Low-Dose Computed Tomograph…
2019
<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> It is unclear whether endoscopic assessment of the stone-free rate after flexible ureteroscopy (fURS) is as effective as assessment with low-dose computed tomography (CT) scan. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Prospective documentation of patients with kidney stones &#x3e; 10 mm diameter from 2 different centers (Freiburg, Regensburg), who underwent fURS and were declared to be endoscopically completely stone-free. Low-dose CT control performed 4–8 weeks postoperatively. <b><i>Results/Conclusion:</i></b> Thirty-eight patients were treated between October 2015 and August 2016 (12 F, 26 M). Average a…
Anatomical correlates of visual and tactile extinction in humans: a clinical CT scan study.
1994
The anatomical correlates of tactile and visual extinction with double simultaneous stimulation were investigated in a series of 159 patients with right brain damage caused by stroke. Forty six patients showed extinction (22 tactile, 14 visual, 10 tactile and visual). Over 50% of the patients with extinction had deep lesions, which were found in about 25% of the patients with visuospatial neglect not associated with extinction. In the patients with extinction and cortico-subcortical damage the paraventricular occipital white matter and the dorsolateral frontal cortex were most often involved. By contrast, when neglect was also present, the lesions clustered in the inferior parietal lobule. …
Metabolic and structural connectivity within the default mode network relates to working memory performance in young healthy adults.
2012
Abstract Studies of functional connectivity suggest that the default mode network (DMN) might be relevant for cognitive functions. Here, we examined metabolic and structural connectivity between major DMN nodes, the posterior cingulate (PCC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), in relation to normal working memory (WM). DMN was captured using independent component analysis of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) data from 35 young healthy adults (27.1 ± 5.1 years). Metabolic connectivity, a correlation between FDG uptake in PCC and MPFC, was examined in groups of subjects with (relative to median) low (n = 18) and high (n = 17) performance on digit span backward te…
Evidence for modulation of opioidergic activity in central vestibular processing: A [(18)F] diprenorphine PET study.
2009
Animal and functional imaging studies had identified cortical structures such as the parieto‐insular vestibular cortex, the retro‐insular cortex, or the anterior cingulate cortex belonging to a vestibular cortical network. Basic animal studies revealed that endorphins might be important transmitters involved in cerebral vestibular processing. The aim of the present study was therefore to analyse whether the opioid system is involved in vestibular neurotransmission of humans or not. Changes in opioid receptor availability during caloric air stimulation of the right ear were studied with [(18)F] Fluoroethyl‐diprenorphine ([(18)F]FEDPN) PET scans in 10 right‐handed healthy volunteers and compa…
Pharmacological stress, rest perfusion and delayed enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance identifies very early cardiac involvement in systemic scler…
2017
Objective To evaluate occult cardiac involvement in asymptomatic systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients by pharmacological stress, rest perfusion and delayed enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), for a very early identification of patients at higher risk of cardiac-related mortality. Methods Sixteen consecutive patients with definite SSc, fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism 2013 classification criteria in less than 1 year from the onset of Raynaud's phenomenon, underwent pharmacological stress, rest perfusion and delayed enhancement CMR. At enrollment, no patient showed signs and/or symptoms suggestive for cardiac involvement. No patient sho…
Characterisation of focal liver lesions undetermined at grey-scale US: contrast-enhanced US versus 64-row MDCT and MRI with liver-specific contrast a…
2010
The aim of this study was to assess the role of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) in the characterisation of focal liver lesions in comparison with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with liver-specific contrast agent.One hundred and eighty-seven focal liver lesions, 91 malignant and 96 benign (mean size 3.2 cm) - proved by biopsy (n=12), histology (n=4), MDCT (n=108), MRI (n=44) MDCT/MRI (n=19) - in 159 patients were studied by CEUS. Two expert radiologists consensually evaluated the contrast-enhancement patterns at CEUS. For each lesion, they assessed: (a) nature (benign, malignant, not assessable), (b) specific diagnosis and (c) need for …