Search results for " Total"

showing 10 items of 385 documents

Seagrass ecosystem response to long-term high CO2 in a Mediterranean volcanic vent

2014

We examined the long-term effect of naturally acidified water on a Cymodocea nodosa meadow growing at a shallow volcanic CO2 vent in Vulcano Island (Italy). Seagrass and adjacent unvegetated habitats growing at a low pH station (pH = 7.65 ± 0.02) were compared with corresponding habitats at a control station (pH = 8.01 ± 0.01). Density and biomass showed a clear decreasing trend at the low pH station and the below- to above-ground biomass ratio was more than 10 times lower compared to the control. C content and delta 13C of leaves and epiphytes were significantly lower at the low pH station. Photosynthetic activity of C. nodosa was stimulated by low pH as seen by the significant increase in…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityChlorophyll ainorganicAlkalinityLight saturation point standard errorPhotosynthetic quantum efficiencyMediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate MedSeATemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010IrradianceRespiration rate carbonAragonite saturation stateBiomassAlkalinity totalIrradiance standard errortotalCO2 ventCymodocea nodosapHRespirationEpiphytes loadMaximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II standard errorNet community production of carbonTemperaturePartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air) standard errordissolvedRespiration rate carbon standard errorCarbonate ionMaximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem IIPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Net community production of carbon standard errorIlluminance standard errorSoft bottom communitystandard errorCarbon inorganic dissolved standard errorRespiration rateElectron transport rate standard errorEarth System Researchδ13CPhotosynthetic quantum efficiency standard errorField observationChlorophyll a standard errorGross primary production of carbonBiomass standard errorCalcium carbonatePotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateShoot densityPotentiometricwaterIlluminanceOxygen standard errorBenthosAlkalinity total standard errorMediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate (MedSeA)Electron transport rateLight saturation pointOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaGross primary production of carbon standard errorBicarbonate ionSoft-bottom communityδ13C standard errorTemperature water standard errorCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Primary production PhotosynthesisSpeciespH standard errorCarbonate system computation flagloadPrimary production/PhotosynthesisFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionTreatmentEpiphytes load standard errorOxygenPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airEpiphytes loadCarbon dioxideCarbon standard errorEntire communityFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airGroupBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelfEpiphytesShoot density standard errorCalcium carbonate standard error
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Seawater carbonate chemistry and coralline algal diversity

2021

Calcified coralline algae are ecologically important in rocky habitats in the marine photic zone worldwide and there is growing concern that ocean acidification will severely impact them. Laboratory studies of these algae in simulated ocean acidification conditions have revealed wide variability in growth, photosynthesis and calcification responses, making it difficult to assess their future biodiversity, abundance and contribution to ecosystem function. Here, we apply molecular systematic tools to assess the impact of natural gradients in seawater carbonate chemistry on the biodiversity of coralline algae in the Mediterranean and the NW Pacific, link this to their evolutionary history and …

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityCommunity composition and diversityBicarbonate ion standard deviationinorganicAlkalinity total standard deviationAlkalinityExperimentTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateNorth PacificMarine habitatAlkalinity totaltotalCO2 ventpHTemperaturedissolvedCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Calcium carbonate standard deviationstandard errorEarth System Researchstandard deviationField observationCalcium carbonateCoverageCalcite saturation stateLocationwaterPartial pressure of carbon dioxideSiteRocky-shore communityCalcium carbonate massAragonite saturation state standard deviationBenthosSalinity standard deviationOcean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaCarbon inorganic dissolved standard deviationCalcite saturation state standard deviationTypeBicarbonate ionCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Coverage standard errorfungiEvent labelPartial pressure of carbon dioxide standard deviationCarbonate system computation flagpH standard deviationCarbonate ion standard deviationFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideRocky shore communityEntire communityFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCoast and continental shelfSpecies richness
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Decline in Coccolithophore Diversity and Impact on Coccolith Morphogenesis Along a Natural CO2 Gradient

2014

A natural pH gradient caused by marine CO2 seeps off Vulcano Island (Italy) was used to assess the effects of ocean acidification on coccolithophores, which are abundant planktonic unicellular calcifiers. Such seeps are used as natural laboratories to study the effects of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems, since they cause long-term changes in seawater carbonate chemistry and pH, exposing the organisms to elevated CO2 concentrations and therefore mimicking future scenarios. Previous work at CO2 seeps has focused exclusively on benthic organisms. Here we show progressive depletion of 27 coccolithophore species, in terms of cell concentrations and diversity, along a calcite saturation …

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityCommunity composition and diversityinorganicAlkalinityCoccospheres malformedMediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate MedSeATemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Aragonite saturation stateAlkalinity totaltotalCO2 ventpHPelagosTemperaturedissolvedCarbonate ionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Earth System ResearchmalformedField observationPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCoccospheresPotentiometricwaterGrowth MorphologyMediterranean Sea Acidification in a Changing Climate (MedSeA)Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaBicarbonate ionCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)Calculated using CO2SYSfungiCarbonate system computation flagCoccospheres corrodedFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)CarbonBiomass/Abundance/Elemental compositionPartial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airSample IDCarbon dioxidecorrodedEntire communityGrowth/MorphologyPhytoplanktonFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airBiomass Abundance Elemental compositionCoast and continental shelfNumber of species
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Shallow water marine sediment bacterial community shifts along a natural CO2 gradient in the Mediterranean Sea Off vulcano, Italy

2014

The effects of increasing atmospheric CO(2) on ocean ecosystems are a major environmental concern, as rapid shoaling of the carbonate saturation horizon is exposing vast areas of marine sediments to corrosive waters worldwide. Natural CO(2) gradients off Vulcano, Italy, have revealed profound ecosystem changes along rocky shore habitats as carbonate saturation levels decrease, but no investigations have yet been made of the sedimentary habitat. Here, we sampled the upper 2 cm of volcanic sand in three zones, ambient (median pCO(2) 419 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 3.77), moderately CO(2)-enriched (median pCO(2) 592 µatm, minimum Omega (arag) 2.96), and highly CO(2)-enriched (median pCO(2) 1611…

Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre (OA-ICC)TemperateSalinityPotentiometric titrationCalcite saturation stateCommunity composition and diversityPotentiometricinorganicwaterAlkalinitySiteFigureBenthosTemperature waterCarbon inorganic dissolvedAbundanceCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al 2010Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre OA ICCMediterranean SeaBicarbonate ionAragonite saturation stateSoft-bottom communityAlkalinity totalLONGITUDEtotalCalculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010)CO2 ventSpeciesShannon Diversity IndexpHCalculated using CO2SYSTemperatureCarbonate system computation flagdissolvedFugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Carbonate ionCarbonPartial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air)Partial pressure of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airCarbon dioxideSoft bottom communityEntire communityEarth System ResearchLATITUDEFugacity of carbon dioxide water at sea surface temperature wet airGroupCoast and continental shelfField observationClass
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Open Government. Total transparency and implementation in Italy and in the Sicilian Region

2015

This short essay collects contributions and documentation relating to Rapporto sull'Open Government in Sicilia 2015 (the second Report on Open Government in Sicily), presented in March 31th, 2015 in the Department of Political Science and International Relationships department lecture hall at the University of Palermo. It is the result of the research carried out in the course compendium of European Administrative Law of the academic year of 2014-2015 and of the master's degree in Science of administration and complex organizations.

Open Government Total transparency
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Multicommutation ATR-FTIR: determination of sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate in detergent formulations

2004

Abstract The mechanization of attenuated total reflectance measurements (ATR) in Fourier Transform Infrared spectrometry (FTIR) through the use of multicommutation has been evaluated in order to reduce the sample consumption and waste generation also avoiding risks of cells breaking. A new multicommutation ATR-FTIR procedure has been proposed for the determination of sodium alpha-olefin sulfonate (AOS) in liquid detergent formulations. The main advantages of this method are the low consumption of sample (96 ml per 100 determinations) and the analytical throughput (23 h −1 versus 15 h −1 for the manual mode). Results obtained for reference samples containing 7.52% to 9.52% (w/w) of AOS are i…

Orange juiceChromatographyAlpha-olefinSodiumchemistry.chemical_elementAnalytical ChemistryWaste generationchemistry.chemical_compoundSulfonatechemistryAttenuated total reflectionFourier transform infrared spectroscopySpectroscopyOlive oilMicrochemical Journal
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Note on the ranking of fuzzy numbers: conditions for a total order relation

1988

It is well-known that the set of fuzzy numbers is not ordered. The author states the conditions which have to be satisfied so that the problem of ranking fuzzy numbers has a solution. In fact, the subset of fuzzy numbers, the elements of which are strictly defined and continuous,is endowed with a total order relation.

OrderingRelation ordre total[ MATH ] Mathematics [math]DiversEnsemble flouRelation ordreModeling[MATH] Mathematics [math]Operational researchClassement nombre flouMiscellaneousModélisationFuzzy setRecherche opérationnelle
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The influence of harvest period and fruit ripeness at harvest on minimally processed cactus pears (Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill.) stored under passiv…

2015

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of (a) harvest season (summer and late crop), (b) fruit ripening stage at harvest and (c) time of storage, on the quality of minimal processed cactus pear ( Opuntia ficus-indica ). Fresh cut peeled cactus pears harvested at commercial harvest stage or when ripe on tree in August (summer crop) and October (late crop), were stored for 3, 5, 7 and 12 d at 5 °C and 95% RH in polyethylene terephthalate ( PET) packages under passive atmosphere conditions. Visual quality and crunchiness score, flesh color, microbiological analysis, total soluble solids (TSS), total acidity (TA), total phenolics, ascorbic acid and β-carotene contents were…

PEARFresh cut Shelf-life Phenol total Acid ascorbic b-Carotene BacteriaFleshRipeningHorticultureBiologyAscorbic acidShelf lifeRipenessCropSettore AGR/03 - Arboricoltura Generale E Coltivazioni ArboreeHorticultureCactusFood scienceAgronomy and Crop ScienceFood Science
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Measurement of the 238U(n, γ) cross section up to 80 keV with the Total Absorption Calorimeter at the CERN n_TOF facility

2017

The radiative capture cross section of a highly pure (99.999%), 6.125(2) grams and 9.56(5)×10^−4 atoms/barn areal density 238U sample has been measured with the Total Absorption Calorimeter (TAC) in the 185 m flight path at the CERN neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF. This measurement is in response to the NEA High Priority Request list, which demands an accuracy in this cross section of less than 3% below 25 keV. These data have undergone careful background subtraction, with special care being given to the background originating from neutrons scattered by the 238U sample. Pileup and dead-time effects have been corrected for. The measured cross section covers an energy range between 0.2 …

PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika.Total Absorption Calorimeter238U(n γ) ; total absorption calorimeter ; n_TOF ; CERNCERNn_TOFγ)238U(nNATURAL SCIENCES. Physics.
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Suitability of non-glucose-carbohydrates for parenteral nutrition

1975

Postoperative parenteral nutrition can only be optimally effective if the characteristics of post-traumatic metabolism are taken into account. Two main possibilities are discussed for the carbohydrate component of parenteral nutrition during this phase: glucose with high doses of insulin or non-glucose carbohydrates (sugar substitutes) possibly in a suitable combination with glucose. The risks as well as the technical and organisational problems involved in the use of them are discussed and the authors prefer the second of the two alternatives. Possible side effects of non-glucose carbohydrates are pointed out and it is shown how these can be avoided by observing dose guidelines. So far a c…

Parenteral Nutritionmedicine.medical_treatmentBlood sugarPhysiologyFructoseCarbohydrate metabolismCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineXylitolElectrolyteschemistry.chemical_compoundPregnancyDietary CarbohydratesmedicineHumansSugarXylitolOxalatesAdenine Nucleotidesbusiness.industryInsulinProteinsBilirubinGeneral MedicineMetabolismCarbohydrateLipid MetabolismUric AcidGlucoseParenteral nutritionBiochemistrychemistryLactatesFemaleParenteral Nutrition TotalbusinessEuropean Journal of Intensive Care Medicine
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