Search results for " Toxicity"

Can we ameliorate the compliance to intravesical bcg maintenance? Analysis of the causes of treatment interruption in 160 consecutive patients.

2013

Synthesis and characterization of Sn(IV) complexes of lower rim 1,3-diacid derivative of calix[4]arene and their protective effects on tissue oxidati…

2005

The two Sn(IV) complexes synthesized using calix[4]arene-1,3-di-acid derivative were characterized by analytical, 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass, and 119Sn Mossbauer techniques and found that the complexes are tetranuclear possessing structurally two different types of tin centers. These complexes were evaluated for their protective value against blood and tissue oxidative stress in lead exposed male albino rats of Wistar strain. The results suggest that the two tin complexes significantly protect changes in lead induced biochemical variables indicative of heme synthesis pathway and exhibit only moderate effect on tissue oxidative stress. The benefic…

Sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) for acute lithium intoxication

2008

Acute lithium intoxication may cause serious neurologic and cardiac manifestations, up to the patient's death. Owing to its low molecular weight, relatively small volume of distribution close to that of total body water, and its negligible protein binding, lithium can be efficiently removed by any extracorporeal modality of renal replacement therapy (RRT). However, the shift from the intracellular to the extracellular compartment, with the inherent rebound phenomenon after the end of RRT, might limit the efficacy of the conventional, short-lasting haemodialysis. There have been no published studies up to now concerning the use of sustained low-efficiency dialysis (SLED) in lithium intoxicat…

Acute Toxicity Tests with Cadmium, Lead, Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, and Bacillus thuringiensis on a Temporary Pond Ostracod

2012

A complete assessment of effects of pollutants in the environment requires the use of a wide assemblage of test organisms. Crustaceans have been widely used in aquatic environments, but within this group, ostracods have been overlooked, even though they are one of the commonest groups of animals in temporary waters. Within this framework, static acute toxicity bioassays were conducted with heavy metals Cd and Pb, the surfactant SDS and spores of the bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis var. israeliensis using adult parthenogenetic females of the temporary pond ostracod Heterocypris bosniaca. Experiments were run at 20 °C and in a 12 by 12 h photoperiod. The toxicity tests results are expressed a…

Comparing the acute response to cadmium toxicity of nauplii from different populations ofArtemia

2002

The lethal responses to cadmium of instar II nauplii from eight populations of Artemia belonging to the species Artemia franciscana, Artemia salina, Artemia persimilis, and Artemia parthenogenetica have been compared. Generalized linear models were used to fit mortality. The model indicates that there is a relationship between species, type of population, and mortality rate. The two populations of A. franciscana were the most sensitive to cadmium toxicity (median lethal concentration, LC50, of 93.3-142 mg/L), while the population of A. persimilis was the most resistant (LC50 of 284 mg/L). Differences in the phenotypic variability in each population were assessed through the slope of the mor…

Identification of Risk Loci for Radiotoxicity in Prostate Cancer by Comprehensive Genotyping of

2021

Simple Summary Genetic variability in transforming growth factor beta pathway (TGFB) has been reported to affect adverse events in radiotherapy. We investigated 40 germline polymorphisms in peripheral blood cells, covering the entire common genetic variability in the TGFβ1 ligand (gene TGFB1) and the TGFβ receptor-1 (TGFBR1) in 240 patients treated with primary radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Human lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) were used to assess whether TGFB1 and TGFBR1 polymorphisms impact DNA repair capacity following single irradiation with 3 Gy. Upon adjustment for multiplicity testing, for one polymorphism (rs10512263 in TGFBR1, C-variant allele, n = 35), a statistically signifi…

Mechanisms of skin toxicity of paclitaxel: An in vitro preclinical assessment.

2020

e15511 Background: Paclitaxel skin toxicity is a frequent side effect extensively evaluated in the clinical setting. However little is known about the preclinical mechanisms that lead to this toxicity. The endpoint of this study was to analyse the cutaneous mechanisms that drive paclitaxel toxicity in a preclinical model. Methods: Primary human keratinocytes were co-cultured with human dermal fibroblast in collagen gel under air-liquid interface conditions to generate a multilayered 3D epidermis. Paclitaxel was added to 3D epidermis at 0.3 µM, 3 µM and 30 µM and total RNA and protein was extracted after 24h of incubation. Markers of cell senescence (p21 and p53), anti-apoptotic mediators (…

Trabectedin-Related Liver Toxicity in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Patients: Always a Good Reason to Discontinue the Treatment?

2014

ABSTRACT Aim: A transient increase in liver enzymes is a well described side effect developed by almost 40% of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) patients treated with trabectedin, often leading to treatment delays or discontinuation. We retrospectively analysed the correlation between trabectedin-related liver toxicity and treatment outcome. Methods: Data from a total of 113 patients receiving trabectedin administered at the dose of 1.5 mg/m2 iv 24 hours in 3 reference centers were evaluated. This exploratory analysis was performed to assess the impact of liver toxicity (grade 3-4 AST and ALT increases) on the trabectedin efficacy and outcome in STS patients. All the patients included had metastati…

CE characterization of potential toxic labile iron in colloidal parenteral iron formulations using off-capillary and on-capillary complexation with E…

2007

The present study describes the application of CZE to investigate the portion of labile iron in the following parenteral formulations: iron gluconate, iron saccharate, and iron dextran. Labile iron was detected as Fe(III)-chelate of EDTA at 246 nm. When EDTA was incubated with the formulations before electrophoresis, labile iron, or chelatable iron, respectively, was detected in all formulations, mostly in iron gluconate and iron saccharate. It was observed that the amount of iron released is time- and pH-dependent. In contrast, when EDTA was separately injected before the formulation sharp peaks of the Fe(III)-chelate were detected only after injection of iron gluconate. This type of labil…

EFFECTS OF THIOBENCARB HERBICIDE TO AN ALGA (NANNOCHLORIS OCULATA) AND THE CLADOCERAN (DAPHNIA MAGNA)

2001

Chronic toxicity studies were conducted with an algae (Nannochloris oculata) and the cladoceran (Daphnia magna) to determine their relative sensitivities to the thiocarbamate herbicide thiobencarb (S-4-chlorobenzyl diethylthiocarbamate). Most of the algal populations were initially affected by exposure to the herbicide. Thiobencarb concentrations higher than 0.5 mg/L significantly reduced algal densities after 24-h exposure. The 24-h static EC50 in D. magna was 3.01 mg/L. The sublethal effects of 0.3, 0.37, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.5 mg/L of thiobencarb concentrations on the survival, reproduction, and growth of D. magna were monitored for 21 days. The parameters used to determined the effect of th…