Search results for " Toxicology"
showing 10 items of 2991 documents
Characteristics and Management of Candidaemia Episodes in an Established Candida auris Outbreak
2020
The multi-resistant yeast Candida auris has become a global public health threat because of its ease to persist and spread in clinical environments, especially in intensive care units. One of the most severe manifestations of invasive candidiasis is candidaemia, whose epidemiology has evolved to more resistant non-albicansCandida species, such as C. auris. It is crucial to establish infection control policies in order to control an outbreak due to nosocomial pathogens, including the implementation of screening colonisation studies. We describe here our experience in managing a C. auris outbreak lasting more than two and a half years which, despite our efforts in establishing control measure…
Phage Therapy in Livestock and Companion Animals
2021
The irrational use of antibiotics has led to a high emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. The traditional overuse of antibiotics in the animal feed industry plays a crucial role in the emergence of these pathogens that pose both economic and health problems. In addition, antibiotics have also recently experienced an increase to treat companion animal infections, promoting the emergence of MDR bacteria in pets, which can reach humans. Phages have been proposed as an alternative for antibiotics for the treatment of livestock and companion animal infections due to their multiple advantages as adaptative drugs, such as their ability to evolve, to multiply at the site of infections, …
Directed evolution of a Mycobacteriophage
2019
This article belongs to the Special Issue Bacteriophages: Alternatives to Antibiotics and Beyond.
Local adaptation in populations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis endemic to the Indian Ocean Rim
2021
24 páginas, 3 figuras, 1 tabla. The sequence data generated by this study has been deposited on SRA (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra) under the accession number PRJNA670836. Extended data is available here: https://github.com/fmenardo/MTBC_L1_L3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609804 (Menardo, 2021).
Renewable energies, business models and local growth
2018
Abstract Energy is one of the driving factors of the world economy: energy consumption is closely linked to quality of life and environmental impact. Reducing the use of fossil fuels, curtailing greenhouse gas emissions, and cutting energy dependence from traditional energy producing countries are the cornerstones of European policies for safe, competitive, sustainable, and renewable energy. In addition, the pressing need to provide new and diversified opportunities for supplementary income for the agricultural sector has fueled the desire to engage rural areas in this process. Biogas, derived from the anaerobic digestion of biomass, is one of the renewable energy sources that has been very…
The Anemonia viridis Venom: Coupling Biochemical Purification and RNA-Seq for Translational Research
2018
Blue biotechnologies implement marine bio-resources for addressing practical concerns. The isolation of biologically active molecules from marine animals is one of the main ways this field develops. Strikingly, cnidaria are considered as sustainable resources for this purpose, as they possess unique cells for attack and protection, producing an articulated cocktail of bioactive substances. The Mediterranean sea anemone Anemonia viridis has been studied extensively for years. In this short review, we summarize advances in bioprospecting of the A. viridis toxin arsenal. A. viridis RNA datasets and toxin data mining approaches are briefly described. Analysis reveals the major pool of neurotoxi…
Ochratoxin A and T-2 Toxin Induce Clonogenicity and Cell Migration in Human Colon Carcinoma and Fetal Lung Fibroblast Cell Lines
2016
T-2 toxin and Ochratoxin A (OTA) are toxic secondary metabolites produced by various fungi, and together they contaminate feedstuffs worldwide. T-2 toxin and OTA may exert carcinogenic action in rodent. Despite the various in vivo experiments, carcinogenicity of these two mycotoxins has not yet been proven for human. In this current study, we proposed to investigate, in Human colon carcinoma cells and fetal lung fibroblast-like cells transfected with MYC, the effect of T-2 toxin and OTA on cell clonogenicity and cell migration. Results of the present investigation showed that T2-toxin as well as OTA has an important clonogenic effect in all cell lines, suggesting that these mycotoxins could…
Impact of novel polymorphisms related to cytotoxicity of cytarabine in the induction treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
2017
Several novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in cytarabine cytotoxicity and related to clinical outcomes have been reported recently in a series of 232 pediatric patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We report the first adult AML cohort in which the influence of these SNPs in cytarabine efficacy and toxicity was analyzed. Six of polymorphisms with clinical significance in the previous study [rs12036333, rs10758713, rs9883101, rs6550826, IRX2: rs2897047, mutated in colorectal cancers (MCC): rs7729269] were analyzed in a cohort of 225 adult patients at initial diagnosis of AML treated with an induction scheme of idarubicin plus cytarabine. The variant alleles of rs12036…
CXC chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4) is predictor of tumour angiogenic activity and prognostic biomarker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients und…
2016
AbstractObjective: To evaluate the association of CXC chemokine ligand 4 (CXCL4) plasma levels with tumour angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to assess association of CXCL4 with clinical outcomes.Patients and methods: Fifty patients with early stage NSCLC who underwent pulmonary resection. CXCL4 levels were analysed by ELISA. Angiogenesis was assessed by immunohistochemistry, and microvessel density (MVD) count.Results: There was positive correlation between MVD and CXCL4 levels. Patients with higher CXCL4 levels had worse overall and disease-free survival.Conclusions: Plasma levels of CXCL4 are associated with tumour vascularity. Increased CXCL4 levels in NSCLC patients…
New insights in primary ciliary dyskinesia
2017
Introduction: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disease with an estimated prevalence of 1:20.000 births. It is characterized by abnormal motility of cilia, leading to impaired mucociliary clearance, and subsequent infection and chronic inflammation of the airways. PCD also affects spermatozoa and cilia in the Fallopian tubes, contributing to fertility issues; dyskinesia of embryonic nodal cilia causes a random distribution of the organs. Areas covered: An overview of the history, genetics, clinical manifestations in children and adults, diagnostic tests, treatments, and prognosis are reviewed. We also discuss current research and future prospects of PCD. Expert opinion: As …