Search results for " Transition"
showing 10 items of 2751 documents
Dynamical mean-field theory versus second-order perturbation theory for the trapped two-dimensional Hubbard antiferromagnet
2011
In recent literature on trapped ultracold atomic gases, calculations for two-dimensional (2D) systems are often done within the dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) approximation. In this paper, we compare DMFT to a fully 2D, self-consistent second-order perturbation theory for weak interactions in a repulsive Fermi-Hubbard model. We investigate the role of quantum and of spatial fluctuations when the system is in the antiferromagnetic phase, and find that, while quantum fluctuations decrease drastically the order parameter and critical temperatures, spatial fluctuations only play a noticeable role when the system undergoes a phase transition, or at phase boundaries in the trap. We conclude f…
Asymmetrical tunneling in heavy fermion metals as a possible probe for their non-Fermi liquid peculiarities
2007
Tunneling conductivity and point contact spectroscopy between heavy fermion metal and a simple metallic point contact may serve as a convenient probing tool for non-Fermi liquid behavior. Landau Fermi liquid theory predicts that the differential conductivity is a symmetric function of voltage bias. This symmetry, in fact, holds if so called particle–hole symmetry is preserved. Here, we show that the situation can be different when one of the two metals is a heavy fermion one whose electronic system is a heavy fermion liquid. When the heavy fermion liquid undergoes fermion condensation quantum phase transition, the particle–hole symmetry in the excitation spectra is violated making both the …
Quantum critical point in high-temperature superconductors
2009
Recently, in high-T_c superconductors (HTSC), exciting measurements have been performed revealing their physics in superconducting and pseudogap states and in normal one induced by the application of magnetic field, when the transition from non-Fermi liquid to Landau Fermi liquid behavior occurs. We employ a theory, based on fermion condensation quantum phase transition which is able to explain facts obtained in the measurements. We also show, that in spite of very different microscopic nature of HTSC, heavy-fermion metals and 2D 3He, the physical properties of these three classes of substances are similar to each other.
Flat Bands and Salient Experimental Features Supporting the Fermion Condensation Theory of Strongly Correlated Fermi
2020
The physics of strongly correlated Fermi systems, being the mainstream topic for more than half a century, still remains elusive. Recent advancements in experimental techniques permit to collect important data, which, in turn, allow us to make the conclusive statements about the underlying physics of strongly correlated Fermi systems. Such systems are close to a special quantum critical point represented by topological fermion-condensation quantum phase transition which separates normal Fermi liquid and that with a fermion condensate, forming flat bands. Our review paper considers recent exciting experimental observations of universal scattering rate related to linear temperature dependence…
Flat-band superconductivity in periodically strained graphene: mean-field and Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless transition
2019
In the search of high-temperature superconductivity one option is to focus on increasing the density of electronic states. Here we study both the normal and $s$-wave superconducting state properties of periodically strained graphene, which exhibits approximate flat bands with a high density of states, with the flatness tunable by the strain profile. We generalize earlier results regarding a one-dimensional harmonic strain to arbitrary periodic strain fields, and further extend the results by calculating the superfluid weight and the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition temperature $T_\text{BKT}$ to determine the true transition point. By numerically solving the self-consistency …
Phase transitions in nonadditive hard disc systems: a Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo Study
2007
we study the properties of a model fluid in two dimensions with Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo (GEMC) techniques, in particular we analyze the entropy-driven phase separation in case of a nonadditive symmetric hard disc fluid. By a combination of GEMC with finite size scaling techniques we locate the critical line of nonadditivities as a function of the system density, which separates the mixing/demixing regions and compare with a simple analytical approximation.
Mode coupling approach to the ideal glass transition of molecular liquids: Linear molecules
1997
The mode coupling theory (MCT) for the ideal liquid glass transition, which was worked out for simple liquids mainly by Gotze, Sjogren, and their co-workers, is extended to a molecular liquid of linear and rigid molecules. By use of the projection formalism of Zwanzig and Mori an equation of motion is derived for the correlators S[sub lm,l[sup (prime)]m[sup (prime)]]([bold q],t) of the tensorial one-particle density rho [sub lm]([bold q],t), which contains the orientational degrees of freedom for l(greater-than)0. Application of the mode coupling approximation to the memory kernel results into a closed set of equations for S[sub lm,l[sup (prime)]m[sup (prime)]]([bold q],t), which requires t…
Temperature-dependent phase transitions in water-oil-surfactant mixtures: Experiment and theory
1996
We investigate temperature induced phase transitions in mixtures of water, oil, and a nonionic surfactant. By microcalorimetric measurements it is shown that the droplet-lamellar transition shows hysteresis so that it is strongly first order. The position of this transition and of the emulsification boundary are quantitatively described by an interfacial model which considers solely the temperature dependence of the spontaneous curvature. There is no fit parameter in the model. Remarkably, the positions of both boundaries do not depend on the bending moduli. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Three-step decay of time correlations at polymer-solid interfaces
2012
Two-step decay of relaxation functions, i.e., time scale separation between microscopic dynamics and structural relaxation, is the defining signature of the structural glass transition. We show that for glass-forming polymer melts at an attractive surface slow desorption kinetics introduces an additional time scale separation among the relaxational degrees of freedom leading to a three-step decay. The inherent length scale of this process is the radius of gyration in contrast to the segmental scale governing the glass transition. We show how the three-step decay can be observed in incoherent scattering experiments and discuss its relevance for the glass transition of confined polymers by an…
Theory of glass transition in spin glasses, orientational glasses and structural glasses
2008
Theoretical concepts about the glass transition are briefly reviewed, and the test of these ideas by Monte Carlo simulations of simple lattice models is described, with an emphasis on isotropic and anisotropic orientational glasses, and the bond fluctuation model of polymer melts. It is suggested that orientational glasses do have an equilibrium phase transition at zero temperature (in d = 3 dimensions!) only, in contrast to the Ising spin glass which orders at nonzero temperature. A diverging glass correlation length is identified that is responsible for the anomalous slowing down. For the Potts glass, the divergence seems to be exponential, implying that the model is at its lower critical…