Search results for " Type 1"

Effects of ACE-Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Inflammation

2011

The role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease and in hypertensive disease above all, is complex. Several studies confirm that activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), through increase in the production of angiotensin II (Ang II), is closely related to local vascular inflammation. Over the BP lowering effects of anti-hypertensive treatments, several ancillary effects for every class may be found, distinguishing the various drugs from one another. Given the pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II and aldosterone, agents that interfere with the components of RAAS, such as ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (spirono…

Hypovolaemia-induced metabolic dysfunction, mediated in part by aldosterone and angiotensin

2009

The angiotensin (1-7)/MAS receptor axis and vascular cell inflammation

2014

Defective T cell receptor/CD3 complex signaling in human type I diabetes

1994

The autoimmune process leading to the destruction of pancreatic β-cells is mediated by T lymphocytes. Peripheral T cells from subjects with preclinical and clinical type I diabetes respond weakly in vitro to lectin stimulation. We, therefore, investigated in a group of newly diagnosed diabetic patients the presence of a defect in the signal transduction pathway of the T cell receptor (TcR)/CD3 complex. Following stimulation with anti-CD3-coupled beads, the proliferative response in diabetic T cells was significantly decreased in comparison with that from normal T cells. Interestingly, addition of either recombinant interleukin (IL)-2 or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate to the cell culture wa…

Type 1 diabetic mellitus patients with increased atherosclerosis risk display decreased CDKN2A/2B/2BAS gene expression in leukocytes

2019

Background Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients display increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and are characterized by a diminished regulatory T (Treg) cell content or function. Previous studies have shown an association between decreased CDKN2A/2B/2BAS gene expression and enhanced CVD. In the present study the potential relationship between CDKN2A/2B/2BAS gene expression, immune cell dysfunction and increased cardiovascular risk in T1DM patients was explored. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in 90 subjects divided into controls and T1DM patients. Circulating leukocyte subpopulations analysis by flow cytometry, expression studies on peripheral blood mononuclear cel…

Adrenic acid Δ4 desaturation and fatty acid composition in liver microsomes of spontaneously diabetic Wistar BB rats

1994

We examined the delta 4 (n-6) desaturation and the fatty acid composition of liver microsomes in the insulin-dependent spontaneously diabetic Wistar Bio-Breeding (BB) rat. The desaturation of adrenic acid to n-6 docosapentaenoic acid was decreased in the normo- and hyperglycemic diabetic rats. Insulin treatment with 1.0 IU. 100 g body weight-1 twice a day for 2 days restored the reduced activity during the hypoglycemic period. The pattern of responses was similar to that of linoleic acid delta 6 and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid delta 5 desaturases, with a non-parallel relationship between the desaturation system and the glycemia. The microsomal fatty acid composition of BB rat liver reflecte…

A multicompartment model for open-loop control of glucose in insulin-dependent diabetics

1990

This paper describes a model that has been developed for individually adjusted therapy management in insulin-dependent diabetics. The multicompartment model considers all relevant aspects of glucose kinetics and its dependence on insulin. The structure of the model reflects that of the physiological system. Its parameters can be classified into (a) general parameters that are independent of the individual, (b) classifying parameters that are related systematically to the individual, and (c) distinguishing parameters. Classifying parameters allow a very convenient adjustment to relevant features of the individual like sex, age, body weight and length. The model can be employed in open-loop c…

Levothyroxine and insulin requirement in autoimmune polyglandular type 3 syndrome: a real-life study

2020

Abstract Purpose To evaluate factors influencing the insulin and levothyroxine requirement in patients with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3 (APS-3) vs. patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and autoimmune hypothyroidism (AH) alone, respectively. Methods Fifty patients with APS-3, 60 patients with T1DM and 40 patients with AH were included. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical parameters were evaluated in all patients. Insulin requirement was calculated in patients with APS-3 and T1DM, while levothyroxine requirement was calculated in APS-3 and AH. Results Patients with APS-3 showed higher age (p = 0.001), age of onset of diabetes (p = 0.006) and TSH (p = 0.004) and lowe…

A Worldwide Perspective on COVID-19 and Diabetes Management in 22,820 Children from the SWEET Project: Diabetic Ketoacidosis Rates Increase and Glyce…

2021

Aims: To investigate the short-term effects of the first wave of COVID-19 on clinical parameters in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) from 82 worldwide centers participating in the Better Control in Pediatric and Adolescent DiabeteS: Working to CrEate CEnTers of Reference (SWEET) registry. Materials and Methods: Aggregated data per person with T1D £21 years of age were compared between May/June 2020 (first wave), August/September 2020 (after wave), and the same periods in 2019. Hierarchic linear and logistic regression models were applied. Models were adjusted for gender, age-, and diabetes duration-groups. To distinguish the added burden of the COVID-19 pandemic, the centers were divided…

Study of Glycemic Variability Through Time Series Analyses (Detrended Fluctuation Analysis and Poincaré Plot) in Children and Adolescents with Type 1…

2016

Time series analysis provides information on blood glucose dynamics that is unattainable with conventional glycemic variability (GV) indices. To date, no studies have been published on these parameters in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. Our aim is to evaluate the relationship between time series analysis and conventional GV indices, and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.This is a transversal study of 41 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Glucose monitoring was carried out continuously for 72 h to study the following GV indices: standard deviation (SD) of glucose levels (mg/dL), coefficient of variation (%), interquartile range (IQR; mg/dL), mean amplitude of the la…