Search results for " Type 1"
showing 10 items of 430 documents
Real-time estimation of plasma insulin concentration from continuous glucose monitor measurements
2015
Continuous glucose monitors can measure interstitial glucose concentration in real time for closed-loop glucose control systems, known as artificial pancreas. These control systems use an insulin feedback to maintain plasma glucose concentration within a narrow and safe range, and thus to avoid health complications. As it is not possible to measure plasma insulin concentration in real time, insulin models have been used in literature to estimate them. Nevertheless, the significant interand intra-patient variability of insulin absorption jeopardizes the accuracy of these estimations. In order to reduce these limitations, our objective is to perform a real-time estimation of plasma insulin co…
The efficacy and safety of ezetimibe/simvastatin combination compared with intensified lipid-lowering treatment strategies in diabetic subjects with …
2012
Aims The objective was to assess the consistency of effect of switching to ezetimibe/simvastatin 10/20 mg versus doubling the baseline statin dose (to simvastatin 40 mg or atorvastatin 20 mg) or switching to rosuvastatin 10 mg across subgroups of subjects with (n = 617) and without (n = 191) metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods This was a post hoc analysis of a randomized, double-blind, 6-week study of adults 18–79 years with cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥70 and ≤160 mg/dl. The percent change in LDL-C and other lipids was estimated within each subgroup separately. Safety and tolerability were assessed. Results In subjects with M…
Extensive Assessment of Blood Glucose Monitoring During Postprandial Period and Its Impact on Closed-Loop Performance.
2017
[EN] Background: Closed-loop (CL) systems aims to outperform usual treatments in blood glucose control and continuous glucose monitors (CGM) are a key component in such systems. Meals represents one of the main disturbances in blood glucose control, and postprandial period (PP) is a challenging situation for both CL system and CGM accuracy. Methods: We performed an extensive analysis of sensor¿s performance by numerical accuracy and precision during PP, as well as its influence in blood glucose control under CL therapy. Results: During PP the mean absolute relative difference (MARD) for both sensors presented lower accuracy in the hypoglycemic range (19.4 ± 12.8%) than in other ranges (12.2…
Does ethanol intake interfere with the evaluation of glycated hemoglobins?
1989
Ethanol and/or its metabolites interfere with the chromatographic assay of glycated hemoglobins. Fasting plasma glucose, blood ethanol, HbA(1), HbA(1c), HbA(1a+b), MCV and GGT were determined in 22 control subjects; 22 alcoholics, 22 diabetic patients and 22 alcoholic diabetic patients. Fasting plasma glucose and all hemoglobin fractions were lower in alcoholic subjects and, except for HbA(1a+b), higher in diabetic patients and in alcoholic diabetic patients. HbA(1), and HbA(1c) correlated well with plasma glucose but not with blood ethanol, MCV and GGT. Glycated hemoglobin was not found to be a useful marker for alcohol abuse. With the chromatographic method we used, the evaluation of glyc…
Bone status in adolescents with type 1 diabetes
2010
Aims The aim of the study was to investigate the potential negative impact of type 1 diabetes on bone status of adolescents. Bone status in adolescents with type 1 diabetes was assessed by means of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and the influence of metabolic control and other diseaserelated and growth variables was analysed. Methods Group I consisted of 99 pubertal (Tanner ≥2) adolescents (49 female), aged 14.3±2.5 years, diabetes duration 4.6±2.3 years. Controls (group II) were 297 children, matched by sex and age, from a healthy population. The influence of glycated haemoglobin (current: HbA1cD; last year’s mean: HbA1cY; whole duration mean: HbA1cT), diabetes duration, percentage of life …
AT1-receptor blockade by telmisartan upregulates GTP-cyclohydrolase I and protects eNOS in diabetic rats.
2008
Several enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were described as potential reasons of eNOS uncoupling in diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we investigated the effects of AT1-receptor blockade with chronic telmisartan (25 mg/kg/day, 6.5 weeks) therapy on expression of the BH4-synthesizing enzyme GTP-cyclohydrolase I (GCH-I), eNOS uncoupling, and endothelial dysfunction in streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg iv, 7 weeks)-induced diabetes mellitus (type I). Telmisartan therapy did not modify blood glucose and body weight. Aortas from diabetic animals had vascular dysfunction as revealed by isometric tension studies (acetylcholine and nitroglycerin potency). Vascular and cardiac RO…
Comparison of the Effects of Glibenclamide on Metabolic Parameters, GLUT1 Expression, and Liver Injury in Rats With Severe and Mild Streptozotocin-In…
2012
Background and Objective. Glucose transport via GLUT1 protein could be one of additional mechanisms of the antidiabetic action of sulfonylureas. Here, the GLUT1 gene and the protein expression was studied in rats in the course of severe and mild streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus and under glibenclamide treatment. Material and Methods. Severe and mild diabetes mellitus was induced using different streptozotocin doses and standard or high fat chow. Rats were treated with glibenclamide (2 mg/kg daily, per os for 6 weeks). The therapeutic effect of glibenclamide was monitored by measuring several metabolic parameters. The GLUT1 mRNA and the protein expression in the kidneys, heart, and l…
PsychDT Working Group
2015
Background: Diabetes technology is a cornerstone of diabetes management in the 21st century, with advances in available devices over recent years playing a central role in the way that health care has progressed. Psychosocial interventions have been shown to have a positive impact on glycemic control, reduce psychological distress and reduce costs of health care. Addressing and improving psychosocial outcomes that complement biomedical improvements and looking to the future are crucial to enhance patient acceptance of artificial pancreas (AP) systems. Methods: To achieve closer collaboration and comparability across different AP research trials, a working group was established. Results: Exi…
A novel flash glucose monitoring system in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2: which are the pieces of evidence for payer decision-makers?
2018
A rigorous health technology assessment is necessary to evaluate a new technology. However, healthcare regulatory agencies have less restrictive rules about medical devices, despite some recent warnings about this relevant matter. The evaluation should have at least two key issues, which require attention. The first one is its effectiveness, and the second one is its economic sustainability. In this paper, we deal with a novel glucose-sensing technology as a case study to examine the matter in depth. An evidence-based point of view is used to highlight this important issue.
Advances in pharmacological treatment of type 1 diabetes during pregnancy.
2019
Introduction: In women with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), pregnancy is associated with a potential risk of maternal, foetal and neonatal outcomes. Stringent metabolic control is required to improve these outcomes. Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarise the current evidence from studies on the pharmacological therapy and on monitoring of T1DM during pregnancy. The authors also discuss the use of new technologies to improve therapeutic management and patient compliance. Expert opinion: Pre-conception counselling is essential in T1DM to minimise pregnancy risks. Pregnancy in T1DM is always considered a high-risk pregnancy. During pregnancy, the target haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) i…