Search results for " Type 1"
showing 10 items of 430 documents
Activation of angiotensin II type 1 receptors and contractile activity in human sigmoid colon in vitro.
2015
We propose and validate a non-invasive method that enables accurate detection of the discharge times of a relatively large number of motor units during excitatory and inhibitory reflex stimulations. HDsEMG and intramuscular EMG (iEMG) were recorded from the tibialis anterior muscle during ankle dorsiflexions performed at 5%, 10%, and 20% of the maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force, in 9 healthy subjects. The tibial nerve (inhibitory reflex) and the peroneal nerve (excitatory reflex) were stimulated with constant current stimuli. In total, 416 motor units were identified from the automatic decomposition of the HDsEMG. The iEMG was decomposed using a state-of-the-art decomposition tool a…
Contributions of ACE and mast cell chymase to endogenous angiotensin II generation and leucocyte recruitment in vivo
2011
Aims In vitro studies suggest that mast cell chymase (MCP) is more important than angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) for generating angiotensin II (Ang II) within the cardiovascular system. We investigated in vivo the relative contributions of ACE and MCP to leucocyte recruitment induced by endogenously generated Ang II. Methods and results Exposure of the murine cremasteric microcirculation of C57BL/6 mice to Ang I (100 nM for 4 h) induced leucocyte–endothelium interactions. Either losartan (an Ang II receptor-1 antagonist, AT1) or enalapril (an ACE inhibitor), but not chymostatin (a chymase inhibitor), inhibited Ang I-induced responses. Mast cell degranulation with compound 48/80 (CMP48/…
Alterations in the Hippocampal Endocannabinoid System in Diet-Induced Obese Mice
2010
The endocannabinoid (eCB) system plays central roles in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. Its alteration in activity contributes to the development and maintenance of obesity. Stimulation of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1receptor) increases feeding, enhances reward aspects of eating, and promotes lipogenesis, whereas its blockade decreases appetite, sustains weight loss, increases insulin sensitivity, and alleviates dysregulation of lipid metabolism. The hypothesis has been put forward that the eCB system is overactive in obesity. Hippocampal circuits are not directly involved in the neuronal control of food intake and appetite, but they play important roles in hed…
Evidence for the existence of FGFR1-5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes in the midbrain raphe 5-HT system.
2015
The ascending midbrain 5-HT neurons known to contain 5-HT1A autoreceptors may be dysregulated in depression due to a reduced trophic support. With in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) and supported by co-location of the FGFR1 and 5-HT1A immunoreactivities in midbrain raphe 5-HT cells, evidence for the existence of FGFR1–5-HT1A heteroreceptor complexes were obtained in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei of the Sprague–Dawley rat. Their existence in the rat medullary raphe RN33B cell cultures was also established. After combined FGF-2 and 8-OH-DPAT treatment, a marked and significant increase in PLA positive clusters was found in the RN33B cells. Similar results were reached upon coactivati…
Visual evoked potentials in insulin-dependent diabetics
1985
The latency of pattern-reversal VEPs was studied in type I insulin-dependent diabetics without retinal and extraocular involvement. One hundred eyes of 50 diabetics (mean age 19.8 +/- 7.2 years) formed the study group; the duration of the disease ranged between 1 month and 15 years. The latencies of VEPs were progressively delayed in relation to the duration of the disease, becoming more and more evident and stabilizing after about 6 years from the onset of diabetes. The VEP alterations probably indicate alteration of membrane balance or demyelinization.
Relationship between erectile dysfunction and silent myocardial ischemia in type 2 diabetic patients with no known macrovascular complications.
2011
ABSTRACT Introduction Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) because it is highly prevalent among those with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs). Moreover, it precedes the development of CVD and is considered a subrogate marker of subclinical CVD. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of ED among patients with type 2 diabetes (DM2) without macroangiopathy, and to assess the association between ED and other CVRFs, chronic diabetes complications, silent myocardial ischemia (SMI), and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods One hundred fifty‐four male patients with DM2 and without clinical evidence of CVD were included in the study. The pr…
[Osteoporosis and diabetes].
2011
Diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis are chronic diseases with an elevated and growing incidence in the elderly. Recent epidemiological studies have demonstrated an elevated risk of hip, humerus and foot fractures in elder diabetic subjects. While type 1 diabetes is generally associated with a mild reduction in bone mineral density (BMD), type 2 diabetes, more prevalent in old subjects, is frequently linked to a normal or high BMD. Studies on experimental models of diabetes have suggested an altered bone structure that may help to explain the elevated risk of fractures observed in these animals and may as well help to explain the paradox of an incremented risk of fractures in type 2 diabetic …
[Penile Flexiflate® Surgitek prosthesis explant and simultaneous three-component hydraulic Titan® Alpha 1 prosthesis implantation, with double incisi…
2010
Introduction and Objectives We treated a 45 years old patient, suffering from diabetes mellitus since childhood, with retinal, neurovascular and kidney complications. In 1988, for erectile dysfunction (ED) resistant to medical injective treatment, the patient underwent ligation of the dorsal vein of the penis without any result. In 1989 a Flexiflate® hydraulic prosthesis was implanted with resolution of ED. In 2005 the patient underwent simultaneous kidney and pancreas transplant with a trans-laparotomic approach for end stage renal disease and diabetes mellitus. In 2009, because of the Flexiflate® Surgitek malfunction, the patient underwent explantation of the Flexiflate® prosthesis and si…
Effects of streptozotocin and dietary fructose on delta-6 desaturation in spontaneously hypertensive rat liver.
2004
We have investigated the effects of hypertension associated with diabetes mellitus on polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. For this purpose, two rat models for these pathologies have been established: a type 1 diabetic hypertensive model obtained by streptozotocin injection to spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), followed or not by insulin treatment (experiment 1); a type 2 diabetic hypertensive model by feeding SHR with a fructose enriched diet (experiment 2). Liver gene expression of delta-6 desaturase (D6D), microsomal D6D activities and fatty acid composition of total lipids were estimated. In experiment 1, an increase of linoleic acid (18:2 n-6) level was observed in the streptozo…
Stiffness degree of ankle range of motion in diabetic patients with atypical amputation
2020
SUMMARY In diabetics, foot deformities are risk factors that increase the risk of amputation as a result of developing ulcers. However, knowledge of the influence of plantar stiffness is still limited. The main objective was to describe connections between the degree of stiffness of the ankle, atypical amputation, and the Foot Posture Index (FPI). METHODS 62 diabetic patients, 58 with type 2 and 4 with type 1 (average age 63.35 years) were included. Records of foot deformities were included; A range of motion test of the ankle joint was used to determine the degree of stiffness. An exploratory analysis of the association of foot position and the degree of rigidity was performed. RESULTS The…