Search results for " Variation"
showing 10 items of 1712 documents
The effect of climate on Burgundy vintage quality rankings.
2019
Aim: Based on consensus rankings from prominent rating authorities, we examined the importance of a suite of climatic variables, organized by winegrape phenological stage, in distinguishing between high- and low-ranked vintages in Burgundy.Methods and Results: Vintage ratings of Burgundy wines acquired from 12 sources were evaluated to develop consensus rankings for red and white wines from 1961–2015. Climate variables (air temperature, precipitation, degree-day accumulations, etc.) were organized by mean phenological stage and compared between good and poor vintages using Mann-Whitney U tests and multivariate stepwise discriminant function analysis. High temperatures, particularly during t…
In-Depth Characterization of Viral Isolates from Plasma and Cells Compared with Plasma Circulating Quasispecies in Early HIV-1 Infection
2012
Background The use of in vitro models to unravel the phenotypic characteristics of circulating viral variants is key to understanding HIV-1 pathogenesis but limited by the availability of primary viral isolates from biological samples. However, overall in vivo genetic variability of HIV-1 within a subject may not be reflected in the viable viral population obtained after isolation. Although several studies have tried to determine whether viral populations expanded in vitro are representative of in vivo findings, the answer remains unclear due to the reduced number of clonal sequences analyzed or samples compared. In order to overcome previous experimental limitations, here we applied Deep P…
Signal sequences modulate the immunogenic performance of human hepatitis C virus E2 gene
2005
Abstract Envelope protein E2 of human hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an attractive component of a prototype HCV vaccine. Delivered by DNA immunogens, E2 evokes specific immune response of Th1-type, failing to induce either considerable antibody production, or T-helper cell proliferation. We aimed at modulating the immunogenic performance of E2 gene by changing the mode of protein expression in eukaryotic cells. Plasmids were constructed encoding full-length E2 and nonstructural protein 1 (p7) fused to either 13 or 38 C-terminal amino acids (aa) of HCV E1 that contain second hydrophobic segment of E1 stop-transfer signal, or a complete E1 stop-transfer signal with duplicated second hydrophobic s…
A simple high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the measurement of pyridoxal-5-phosphate and 4-pyridoxic acid in human plasma.
2014
Abstract Background Low concentration of plasma pyridoxal-5-phosphate (PLP) is associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and inflammation. Most methods for the measurement of plasma PLP require large specimen volume and involve the use of toxic reagents. Methods We have developed a HPLC method for the measurement of PLP and 4-pyridoxic acid (4-PA) in plasma, which requires small specimen volume. The samples are prepared without adding any toxic reagents. Furthermore, we have examined whether intake of vitamin B 6 affects the concentration of plasma PLP and 4-PA. Results The coefficient of variation of the method was 6% and the recovery of the added vitamin in plasma was about 100%. The concentra…
Palaeomagnetic investigations of the tertiary and quaternary igneous rocks: IV The tertiary volcanic rocks of the Tokaji mountains, Hungary
1971
Measurements are reported from samples collected at twenty three sites in the Tokaj mountains of north-eastern Hungary. The simplest interpretation of the results is in terms of geomagnetic field reversals, for there is no petrological or magnetic evidence of self reversal or of correlation of oxidation state and magnetic sign. Four magnetic zones satisfy the minimum stratigraphic requirements, speculative use of these zones against theHeirtzler et al. magnetic time scale as a control suggests locating the Miocene-Pliocene boundary at 11.75 my. However it seems probable that much of the lower Sarmatian is not represented in the Tokaj samples, although the scatter of individual readings sugg…
Voluntary associations and trust in Finland
2009
The article is an empirical study of the hypothesis put forward in theories of social capital, according to which voluntary associations have a positive e ect on trust in people. The central research question of the article is: are association memberships or active participation related to trust towards people in Finland? Looking at the number of association memberships and association registrations shows that association life has been active in Finland. The international comparison shows that particularly in the Nordic countries, people participate in associations on a vast scale. However, it is also important to note that while the old politicalideological associations have lost some of t…
Losing weight after menopause with minimal aerobic training and mediterranean diet
2020
Objective: It is a common belief that menopausal women have greater difficulty losing weight. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of a Mediterranean diet (MD) to promote weight loss in postmenopausal women. All participants were prescribed a hypocaloric traditional MD, tailored to the individual. Subjects were asked not to begin any kind of physical activity. Body composition was measured at the beginning and after 8 weeks of treatment. In total, 89 women (age 52.8 ±
Temperature-dependence of spontaneous mutation rates
2020
Mutation is the source of genetic variation and the fundament of evolution. At the interphase of ecology and evolution, temperature has long been suggested to have a direct impact on realised spontaneous mutation rates. The question is whether mutation rates can be a species-specific constant under variable environmental conditions, such as variation of the ambient temperature. By combining mutation accumulation with whole genome sequencing in a multicellular organism, we provide empirical support to reject this null hypothesis. Instead mutation rates depend on temperature in a U-shaped manner with increasing rates towards both temperature extremes. This relation has important implications …
Fermentative stress adaptation of hybrids within the Saccharomyces sensu stricto complex.
2008
Along the fermentation process yeasts are affected by a succession of stress conditions that affect their viability and fermentation efficiency. Among the stress conditions the most relevant are high sugar concentration and low pH in musts, temperature and, as fermentation progresses, ethanol accumulation. Nowadays, due to the demanding nature of modern winemaking practices and sophisticated wine markets, there is an ever-growing search for particular wine yeast strains possessing a wide range of optimized, improved or novel enological characteristics. Traditionally, the species S. cerevisiae and S. bayanus within the Saccharomyces sensu stricto species are considered some of the most impor…
Differences in the glucose and fructose consumption profiles in diverse Saccharomyces wine species and their hybrids during grape juice fermentation
2009
7 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables.