Search results for " Waste Water"
showing 10 items of 22 documents
The rapid spread of SARS-COV-2 Omicron variant in Italy reflected early through wastewater surveillance
2022
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant emerged in South Africa in November 2021, and has later been identified worldwide, raising serious concerns. A real-time RT-PCR assay was designed for the rapid screening of the Omicron variant, targeting characteristic mutations of the spike gene. The assay was used to test 737 sewage samples collected throughout Italy (19/21 Regions) between 11 November and 25 December 2021, with the aim of assessing the spread of the Omicron variant in the country. Positive samples were also tested with a real-time RT-PCR developed by the European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), and through nested RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Overall, 115 samples tested po…
Cathodic abatement of Cr(VI) in water by microbial reverse-electrodialysis cells
2015
Abstract For the first time a microbial reverse electrodialysis cell (MRC) was used for the treatment of water contaminated by Cr(VI). It has been recently shown that both inorganic and organic pollutants can be removed by reverse electrodialysis processes (RED) using water with different salinity without the supply of electric energy. However, a high number of membrane pairs is usually necessary for the treatment of wastewater by RED. Here, it was showed that a lower number of membranes can be used by the utilization of a MRC (i.e., a RED cell with a biotic anode) for such purposes. Indeed, the abatement of Cr(VI), chosen as model pollutant, was successfully achieved by cathodic reduction …
Chlorocymenes, cymenenes and other chlorohydrocarbons in pulp mill effluents, sludges and exposed biota
1992
Abstract Polychlorinated cymenes (PCYMS) and cymenenes (PCYMD) were analyzed by GC/LRMS/SIM in effluents and sludges of three different pulp mills and in fish and mussels exposed to pulp mill effluents. The levels of PCYMS+PCYMD were 0.3–4.8 μg/l in total effluents,
Quick assessment of the economic value of olive mill waste water
2016
Background: Olive biophenols are emerging as a valued class of natural products finding practical application in the food, pharmaceutical, beverage, cosmetic and nutraceutical industries due to their powerful biological activity which includes antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Olive mill waste water (OMWW), a by-product in olive oil manufacturing, is rich in biophenols such as hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. The amount of biophenols depends on the cultivar, the geographical area of cultivation, and the seasonal conditions. The goal of this study was to develop a straightforward method to assess the economic value of OMWW via quantification of hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol. Results: The amo…
Alkyl polychlorobibenzyls and planar aromatic chlorocompounds in pulp mill products, effluents, sludges and exposed biota
1992
Abstract Aromatic chlorocompounds which interfere in GC/MS analysis of dioxins were studied in samples from three different pulp mills and in fish and mussels exposed to pulp mill effluents. The major interfering compounds were chlorinated alkyl bibenzyls (R-PCBBs; R = C5-alkyl; P = 1–4). In pulp mill samples, levels of C5-PCBBs (10–120 ng/l in effluents, 5–33 ng/g in dried sludges) were orders of magnitude higher than the levels of toxic PCDDs and PCDFs. C5-PCBBs bioaccumulated slightly to the recipient fish (0–2 pg/g in fresh muscles) and to incubated mussels (3–26 ng/g in lipid). In mussels, significant levels (19–73 ng/g in lipid) of other than pulp mill originated toxic hepta- and octa…
A microplate version of the SOS/umu-test for rapid detection of genotoxins and genotoxic potentials of environmental samples
1991
Abstract The umu-microtest is a miniaturized automated short-term test version proposed for screening of umuC-dependent mutagenic potentials of chemicals relevant to environmental pollution, river water and industrial waste water. The test is based on the SOS/umu-test and has been modified in order to allow extensive testing of environmental samples. Genetically engineered Salmonella typhimurium (TA1535/pSK1002) are incubated on a microplate rotor in a sloping position for 2 h with the test samples, followed by addition of fresh culture medium to reach a 10-fold dilution of the incubation medium. 2 h later, the activity of the β-galactosidase, which reflects umuC induction, is determined co…
From wastes to resources: citrus hydrolatesas natural biostimulants of soil microorganisms
The hydrolates result from the industrial extraction process of the essential oils through cold pressing of the citrus peels. Today, they are considered a waste to be disposed of. However, due to the presence of water soluble compounds (sugars, polyphenols, acids), hydrolates could be reused instead of being, due to the high economic burden, a problem in the disposal of the same, charged to the company.The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of citrus hydrolate when directly applied as irrigation water on soil microbial biomass, activity and structure community. The soil used for the experiment was collected from the topsoil (0-10 cm) of a citrus orchard, air-dried and sieved at 2 …
Monitoring of the effects of added carbon by citrus hydrolates waste in a soil.
The hydrolates are the waste to be disposed of are a product of the industrial extraction process of the essential oils through cold pressing of the citrus peels. However, due to the presence of water soluble compounds (sugars, polyphenols, acids), hydrolates could be reused instead of being, due to the high economic burden, a problem in the disposal of the same, charged to the company. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of citrus hydrolate when directly applied as irrigation water on soil. Was monitored soil chemical and biochemical property, in particularly effect of the high carbon addition on microbial biomass, activity and structure community and effect on carbon soil sto…
New tailor-made bio-organoclays for the remediation of olive mill waste water
2013
A systematic study aimed at obtaining new organoclays for the treatment of Olive Mill Waste water (OMW) has been performed. Several organoclays have been prepared by loading different amounts of the biocompatible surfactant Tween20 onto the K10 montmorillonite (MMT). Complementary kinetic and equilibrium studies on the adsorption of the Tween20 onto the MMT have been carried out and the characterization of the new tailor-made bio-materials has been performed by means of the XRD and FT-IR measurements. Finally the prepared bio-organoclays have been successfully applied for the OMW remediation and they proved to be highly effective in decreasing the organic content (OC) to an extent that depe…
Organic chlorine compounds in lake sediments. II Organically bound chlorine
1990
Abstract Organically bound chlorine together with inorganic chloride was measured from dated bottom sediment layers of 18 lakes in Central Finland and compared to organic matter contents. Pulp mills were found to be the source of significant increase of the accumulation of all of these materials in the 20th century.