Search results for " Yield"
showing 10 items of 550 documents
Versatile oxidative approach to carbazoles and related compounds using MoCl5.
2013
The unique oxidizing power of molybdenum pentachloride provides an easy to perform, versatile, and high yielding method to construct carbazoles and the corresponding dibenzo analogues of thiophene, furan, and selenophene. The coupling reaction tolerates a variety of functional groups. The synthesis is highly modular. By this approach a precursor for the naturally occurring carbazole koenigicine was prepared.
Facile synthesis of pyrazoles and pyrroles via thermolysis of tetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazines, tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyridines
2000
Abstract A simple and high yielding preparation of pyrazoles and pyrroles is described. Thermolysis of tetrazolo[1,5- b ]pyridazines, tetrazolo[1,5- a ]pyrimidines and tetrazolo[1,5- a ]pyridines allowed easy ring contraction thus providing a facile preparation of cyanopyrazole and cyanopyrrole heterocycles. Since the cyano group is a versatile precursor of other functionalities, the reaction appears of particular interest for the construction of a variety of pyrazoles and pyrroles. The simple preparation of the starting tetrazole derivatives, the relatively mild conditions employed, and the very short reaction times make this versatile procedure of great synthetic utility and applicable bo…
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Pyrazoles and Pyrroles via Thermolysis of Tetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazines, Tetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and Tetra…
2010
Abstract A simple and high yielding preparation of pyrazoles and pyrroles is described. Thermolysis of tetrazolo[1,5- b ]pyridazines, tetrazolo[1,5- a ]pyrimidines and tetrazolo[1,5- a ]pyridines allowed easy ring contraction thus providing a facile preparation of cyanopyrazole and cyanopyrrole heterocycles. Since the cyano group is a versatile precursor of other functionalities, the reaction appears of particular interest for the construction of a variety of pyrazoles and pyrroles. The simple preparation of the starting tetrazole derivatives, the relatively mild conditions employed, and the very short reaction times make this versatile procedure of great synthetic utility and applicable bo…
Modular Approach to 9-Monosubstituted Fluorene Derivatives Using Mo(V) Reagents.
2016
Oxidative coupling using molybdenum(V) reagents provides fast access to highly functionalized 9-monosubstituted fluorenes. This synthetic approach is highly modular, is high yielding, and tolerates a variety of labile moieties, e.g. amides or iodo groups. The established protocol leads to promising precursors for pharmacologically important analogues of melatonin.
Green-Light Activation of Push-Pull Ruthenium(II) Complexes.
2020
Abstract Synthesis, characterization, electrochemistry, and photophysics of homo‐ and heteroleptic ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(cpmp)2]2+ (22+) and [Ru(cpmp)(ddpd)]2+ (32+) bearing the tridentate ligands 6,2’’‐carboxypyridyl‐2,2’‐methylamine‐pyridyl‐pyridine (cpmp) and N,N’‐dimethyl‐N,N’‐dipyridin‐2‐ylpyridine‐2,6‐diamine (ddpd) are reported. The complexes possess one (32+) or two (22+) electron‐deficient dipyridyl ketone fragments as electron‐accepting sites enabling intraligand charge transfer (ILCT), ligand‐to‐ligand charge transfer (LL'CT) and low‐energy metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorptions. The latter peak around 544 nm (green light). Complex 22+ shows 3MLCT phosphorescenc…
Removal of Chromophore-proximal Polar Atoms Decreases Water Content and Increases Fluorescence in a Near Infrared Phytofluor
2015
Genetically encoded fluorescent markers have revolutionized cell and molecular biology due to their biological compatibility, controllable spatiotemporal expression, and photostability. To achieve in vivo imaging in whole animals, longer excitation wavelength probes are needed due to the superior ability of near infrared light to penetrate tissues unimpeded by absorbance from biomolecules or autofluorescence of water. Derived from near infrared-absorbing bacteriophytochromes, phytofluors are engineered to fluoresce in this region of the electromagnetic spectrum, although high quantum yield remains an elusive goal. An invariant aspartate residue is of utmost importance for photoconversion in…
LOW VIGOR PEACH × ALMOND ROOTSTOCKS FOR INTENSIVE PEACH PLANTINGS IN MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENTS
2014
A three-year trial was carried out to evaluate the vegetative and productive performance of five peach rootstocks of varied vigor. The study was conducted in south-western Sicily using 45 V-trained trees of 'Tropic Snow' peach planted in 2005 and grafted on GF677 and four low-vigor rootstocks selected at the Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, namely IS5/8 (Polluce), IS5/19 (Castore), IS5/23, IS5/29. Trunk circumference, winter and summer pruning weight, number and mass of fruit were recorded from 2010 to 2012. All IS selections reduced trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) and pruning weight compared to GF677 with IS5/23 inducing the highest reducti…
Interactive Effects of Genotype and Molybdenum Supply on Yield and Overall Fruit Quality of Tomato
2019
Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential trace element for plant growth, development, and production. However, there is little known about the function and effects of molybdenum in tomato plants. The present study assessed the influences of different Mo concentrations on four tomato F1 hybrids (“Bybal” F1, “Tyty” F1, “Paride” F1, and “Ornela” F1) grown using a soilless system with different Mo levels [0.0, 0.5 (standard NS), 2.0, and 4.0 μmol L−1, respectively]. The crop yield, plant vigor, fruit skin color, TA, fruit water content as well as the accumulation of SSC, and some antioxidant compounds such as lycopene, polyphenols and ascorbic acid were evaluated. The minerals concentration, including n…
Crop rotation, nitrogen fertilization and genotype effects on durum wheat productive characteristics
2004
A field trial was performed in 2000/01 and 2001/02 in the experimental farm “Sparacia” (Cammarata – AG – Sicily) in order to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative response of four varieties of durum wheat when grown after a legume crop (field pea) or in rotation with itself and when submitted to different N-fertilization levels: no fertilization (N0, control), 60 kg ha-1 (N 60, rate advised by the EC n. 2078/92 for the Sicilian territory) and 120 kg ha-1 (N 120, fertilization rate commonly used under the “traditional” cropping technique). In the first trial year, the fertilized trial expressed a better yield performance than the control, but in 2001/02, characterized by severe and prolo…
Single- and Double-Strand Breaks of Dry DNA Exposed to Protons at Bragg-Peak Energies
2017
International audience; Ultrathin layers (<20 nm) of pBR322 plasmid DNA were deposited onto 2.5 μm thick polyester films and exposed to proton Bragg-peak energies (90–3000 keV) at various fluences. A quantitative analysis of radio-induced DNA damage is reported here in terms of single- and double-strand breaks (SSB and DSB, respectively). The corresponding yields as well as G-values and the cross sections exhibit fairly good agreement with the rare available data, stemming from close experimental conditions, namely, based on α particle irradiation. SSB/DSB rates appear to be linear when plotted against linear energy transfer (LET) in the whole energy range studied. All the data present a ma…