Search results for " acoustic"

showing 10 items of 344 documents

Detecting gravitational waves from cosmological phase transitions with LISA: an update

2020

MC was funded by the Royal Society under the Newton International Fellowship program. GD would like to thank CNPq (Brazil) for financial support. MH was supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (grant number ST/P000819/1), and the Academy of Finland (grant number 286769). SJH was supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (grant number ST/P000819/1). The work of JK was supported by Department of Energy (DOE) grant DE-SC0019195 and NSF grant PHY-1719642. TK and GS are funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Germany's Excellence Strategy - EXC 2121 \Quantum Universe" - 390833306. JMN is supported by Ramon y Cajal Fellowship contract RYC-2017-22986…

Phase transitionCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)Physics beyond the Standard ModelDark matterstandard modelFOS: Physical sciencesContext (language use)gravitational radiation: direct detection01 natural sciencesdark matterbubble: nucleationGravitational wavesTheoretical physicsHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)effective field theory0103 physical sciencesEffective field theoryenergy: densitynumerical calculationsCosmological phase transitionsperturbation theoryPhysics:Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Fysikk: 430 [VDP]wave: acousticLISACOSMIC cancer database010308 nuclear & particles physicsGravitational wavenew physicsGravitational theorygravitational radiationAstronomy and Astrophysicscritical phenomenagravitational radiation detectorHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyGravitational sourcesgravitational radiation: emission[PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph]Higgs modelPerturbation theory (quantum mechanics)gravitational radiation: power spectrum[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]dilatonAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
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Photo-acoustic phase-delayed excitation of guided waves in coated bone phantoms

2013

Photo-acoustic skeletal quantitative ultrasound enables assessment of the fundamental flexural guided wave (FFGW) propagating in bone. This mode, consistent with the F(1,1) tube mode can now be measured through a coating of soft tissue. Interference due to ultrasound propagation in the soft tissue surrounding the bone is reduced by using phase-delayed ultrasound excitation. Photo-acoustic phase-delayed excitation was done on five axisymmetric bone phantoms (1-5 mm wall thickness), coated by a 5 mm thick soft-tissue mimicking layer. A fiber head comprising a linear array of four optical fibers (400 μm diameter), illuminated by pulsed laser diodes (905 nm wavelength) generated ultrasound. Thi…

Photoacoustic effectOptical fiberMaterials scienceGuided wave testingta114business.industryUltrasoundPhase (waves)01 natural scienceslaw.invention030507 speech-language pathology & audiology03 medical and health sciencesWavelengthTransducerOpticslaw0103 physical sciences0305 other medical sciencebusiness010301 acousticsGroup delay and phase delay
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Modulation of the electronic properties of GaN films by surface acoustic waves

2003

We report on the interaction between photogenerated electron-hole pairs and surface acoustic waves (SAW) in GaN films grown on sapphire substrates. The spatial separation of photogenerated carriers by the piezoelectric field of the SAW is evidenced by the quenching of the photoluminescence (PL) intensity. The quenching levels in GaN are significantly smaller than those measured in GaAs under similar conditions. The latter is attributed to the lower exciton ionization efficiency and carrier separation probabilities mediated by the piezoelectric effect. The PL spectra also evidence energy shifts and broadenings of the electronic transitions, which are attributed to the band gap modulation by …

PhotoluminescenceMaterials scienceIII-V semiconductorsSurface acoustic wavesBand gapExcitonRadiation quenchingGeneral Physics and AstronomySemiconductor thin filmsCondensed Matter::Materials Science:FÍSICA [UNESCO]IonizationPiezoelectric semiconductorsPhotoluminescenceQuenchingbusiness.industryUNESCO::FÍSICAWide-bandgap semiconductorGallium compoundsAcoustic waveCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectWide band gap semiconductorsGallium compounds ; III-V semiconductors ; Wide band gap semiconductors ; Surface acoustic waves ; Semiconductor thin films ; Photoluminescence ; Radiation quenching ; Piezoelectric semiconductors ; Excitons ; Energy gapEnergy gapSapphireOptoelectronicsExcitonsbusiness
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Acoustically driven photon antibunching in nanowires.

2011

The oscillating piezoelectric field of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) is employed to transport photoexcited carriers, as well as to spatially control exciton recombination in GaAs-based nanowires (NWs) on a subns time scale. The experiments are carried out in core-shell NWs transferred to a SAW delay line on a LiNbO(3) crystal. Carriers generated in the NW by a focused laser spot are acoustically transferred to a second location, leading to the remote emission of subns light pulses synchronized with the SAW phase. The dynamics of the carrier transport, investigated using spatially and time-resolved photoluminescence, is well-reproduced by computer simulations. The high-frequency contactless …

PhotoluminescencePhotonMaterials scienceMacromolecular SubstancesSurface PropertiesExcitonPhase (waves)NanowireMolecular ConformationBioengineeringGalliumArsenicalslaw.inventionCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceSonicationOpticslawMaterials TestingGeneral Materials ScienceParticle SizePhotonsPhoton antibunchingbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringSurface acoustic waveGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter PhysicsLaserNanostructuresOptoelectronicsbusinessCrystallizationNano letters
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Roadmap on STIRAP applications

2019

STIRAP (stimulated Raman adiabatic passage) is a powerful laser-based method, usually involving two photons, for efficient and selective transfer of populations between quantum states. A particularly interesting feature is the fact that the coupling between the initial and the final quantum states is via an intermediate state, even though the lifetime of the latter can be much shorter than the interaction time with the laser radiation. Nevertheless, spontaneous emission from the intermediate state is prevented by quantum interference. Maintaining the coherence between the initial and final state throughout the transfer process is crucial. STIRAP was initially developed with applications in …

PhotonAtomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)Digital storageStimulated Raman adiabatic passage02 engineering and technologyStimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP)01 natural scienceslaw.inventionPhysics - Atomic PhysicsFTIR SPECTROSCOPYstimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP)lawStereochemistryRare earthsStatistical physicsMetal ionsmolecular Rydberg statesQCparity violationPhysicseducation.field_of_studyQuantum PhysicsElectric dipole momentsCoherent population transfer021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsacoustic waves; molecular Rydberg states; nuclear coherent population transfer; parity violation; spin waves; stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP); ultracold moleculesADIABATIC PASSAGEAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsChemical DynamicsMolecular beamsVIOLATING ENERGY DIFFERENCEResearch group A. Pálffy – Division C. H. KeitelStimulated emission0210 nano-technologyCoherence (physics)Experimental parametersPopulationFOS: Physical sciencesacoustic waves530spin wavesMolecular Rydberg statesELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCYSINGLE PHOTONSQuantum statePhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesUltracold moleculesSpontaneous emissionddc:530Nuclear coherent population transfer010306 general physicseducationStimulated Raman adiabatic passageChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)Rare-earth-ion doped crystalsPhotonsQuantum opticsnuclear coherent population transferBROAD-BANDControlled manipulationsPOLAR-MOLECULESMoleculesRydberg statesLaserSuperconducting quantum circuitAcoustic wavesParity violationstimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP); ultracold molecules; parity violation; spin waves; acoustic waves; molecular Rydberg states; nuclear coherent population transferDewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physikultracold moleculesQuantum Physics (quant-ph)QUANTUM GASSpin waves
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Quantitative subsurface defect detection in composite materials using a non-contact ultrasonic system

2002

The results of an experimental study conducted to detect subsurface defects in a thick Gr/PPS composite test sample using a noncontact ultrasonic system are presented. Surface waves are generated by a pulsed laser and detected by an air-coupled capacitance transducer. By controlling the surface wave wavelength through a shadow mask, it is possible to control surface wave penetration depth in the sample. Surface wave peak-to-peak amplitude is related to the near-surface material condition. Results indicate that signal amplitude decreases as the width of the defect increases and an approximately linear relation can be deduced.

Physical acousticsMaterials sciencebusiness.industryAcousticsSurface acoustic waveUltrasonic testingWavelengthOpticsAmplitudeEngineering (all)Surface waveUltrasonic sensorbusinessPenetration depth
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Tunable coupled surface acoustic cavities

2012

We demonstrate the electric tuning of the acoustic field in acoustic microcavities (MCs) defined by a periodic arrangement of metal stripes within a surface acoustic delay line on LiNbO3 substrate. Interferometric measurements show the enhancement of the acoustic field distribution within a single MC, the presence of a “bonding” and “anti-bonding” modes for two strongly coupled MCs, as well as the positive dispersion of the “mini-bands” formed by five coupled MCs. The frequency and amplitude of the resonances can be controlled by the potential applied to the metal stripes.

Physical acousticsSurface (mathematics)Materials sciencePhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)business.industrySubstrate (electronics)Enginyeria acústicaCiència dels materialsInterferometryAmplitudeOpticsDispersion (optics)Surface acoustic wave sensorbusinessLine (formation)
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Acoustic transmitters for underwater neutrino telescopes.

2012

In this paper acoustic transmitters that were developed for use in underwater neutrino telescopes are presented. Firstly, an acoustic transceiver has been developed as part of the acoustic positioning system of neutrino telescopes. These infrastructures are not completely rigid and require a positioning system in order to monitor the position of the optical sensors which move due to sea currents. To guarantee a reliable and versatile system, the transceiver has the requirements of reduced cost, low power consumption, high pressure withstanding (up to 500 bars), high intensity for emission, low intrinsic noise, arbitrary signals for emission and the capacity of acquiring and processing recei…

Physics - Instrumentation and DetectorsPositioning systemparametric sourcesFOS: Physical sciencesUnderwater neutrino telescopesacoustic transceiver; sensor array; underwater neutrino telescopes; calibration; positioning systems; parametric sourcessensor arraylcsh:Chemical technology01 natural sciencesBiochemistrySignalArticleAnalytical ChemistryPositioning systemsSensor array0103 physical sciencesAcoustic transceiverElectronic engineeringlcsh:TP1-118514. Life underwaterElectrical and Electronic EngineeringInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)010301 acousticsInstrumentationSensor arrayPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsTransmitterParametric sourcespositioning systemsInstrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)calibrationAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNoiseacoustic transceiverNeutrino detectorFISICA APLICADACalibrationNeutrinoAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysicsunderwater neutrino telescopesUnderwater acoustic communicationSensors (Basel, Switzerland)
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Sound absorption prediction of linear damped acoustic resonators using a lightweight hybrid model

2019

International audience; A lightweight numerical method is developed to predict the sound absorption coefficient of resonators whose cross-section dimensions are significantly larger compared to the viscous and thermal boundary layer’s thicknesses. This method is based on the boundary layer theory and on the perturbations theory. According to the perturbations theory, in acoustical domains with large dimensions, the fluid viscosity and thermal conductivity only affect the boundary layers. The model proposed in this article combines the lossless Helmholtz wave equation derived from a perfect fluid hypothesis, with viscosity and thermal conductivity values of a real fluid to compute the sound …

PhysicsAcoustics and UltrasonicsComputation efficiencyNumerical analysisAcousticsResonance absorbersDissipationWave equation01 natural sciences7. Clean energy[PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]010305 fluids & plasmasBoundary layer theoryViscothermal lossesBoundary layersymbols.namesakeViscosityNoise reduction coefficientResonatorHelmholtz free energy0103 physical sciencessymbolsSound absorptionAcoustic modeling010301 acousticsApplied Acoustics
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Magnetic skyrmions: from fundamental to applications

2016

In this topical review, we will discuss recent advances in the field of skyrmionics (fundamental and applied aspects) mainly focusing on skyrmions that can be realized in thin film structures where an ultrathin ferromagnetic layer (<1 nm) is coupled to materials with large spin-orbit coupling. We review the basic topological nature of the skyrmion spin structure that can entail a stabilization due to the chiral exchange interaction present in many multilayer systems with structural inversion asymmetry. The static spin structures and the dynamics of the skyrmions are also discussed. In particular, we show that skyrmions can be displaced with high reliability and efficiency as needed for t…

PhysicsAcoustics and UltrasonicsCondensed matter physicsSkyrmion02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect01 natural scienceslogic gates; microwave oscillator; racetrack memory; skyrmion; spin-Hall effect; spin-torque diode effect; spin-transfer-torque; Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials; Condensed Matter Physics; Acoustics and Ultrasonics; Surfaces Coatings and FilmsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSkyrmionQuantum mechanics0103 physical scienceslogic gatesspin-transfer-torqueddc:530spin-torque diode effect010306 general physics0210 nano-technologySkyrmion; spin-transfer-torque; spin-Hall effect; racetrack memory; microwave oscillator; spin-torque diode effect; logic gatesspin-Hall effectracetrack memorymicrowave oscillatorJournal of Physics D: Applied Physics
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